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Sensitively Apply Methods of Responding to and Correcting the Students‟ Writing
Error correction in writing must be approached in a different manner since it often includes an extensive planning stage, error treatment can begin in the
drafting and revising stages, during which time it is more appropriate to consider errors among several features of the whole process of responding to the student
writing. In order to improve the designed materials of writing, the researcher
considered those principles.
4. The Integration of Reading and Writing
Integrated skill is the combination of two or more skills within a communicative task Oxford: 2001. In integrated skill, there are several skills
used. Harmer 2007: 267 states that “skill integration is a major factor in lesson planning.” When the teachers only teach one skill, the students will easily get
bored. Besides, they cannot improve their English because they only learn one skill. According to Harmer 2007, “It is usually impossible to complete a task
successfully in one skill area without involving some other skill” p.267. The
balance of skills is needed in learning English. Some students might need to learn listening and speaking skills, but others may need to learn reading and writing
skills. Thus, integrated skills are needed in order to provide maximum learning opportunities for the different students in the class.
22 Harmer 2007 explains that receptive skill is a term which is used for
reading and writing skills, meanwhile productive skill is a term which is used for speaking and writing. In this study, the researcher focuses on reading as a
receptive skill and writing as a productive skill. According to Brown 2007, “integration can be defined as production and reception that quite simply two
sides of the same coin; one cannot split the coin in two” p. 286. Moreover, Harmer 2001 notes the production must be followed by receptive skill in many
situations. It shows that reading as a productive skill and writing as a receptive skill are connected each other. Moreover, most of the writers write something
which is based on what they read. It is supported by Anderson n.d. as cited by Nunan 2003: 71 “based on the whole language approach in reading, it is
integrated with writing since classes work on both skills simultaneously.” In order to produce good writing, the writer should read again the writing to make sure that
everything has been done well. It shows that reading and writing supports each other.
In this study, the researcher employs Task-Based Learning TBL as the method in designing the materials. According to Brown 2007, several integrated
skills are involved in TBL which focuses on the language in the real world that demands the use of two or more skills simultaneously. Hence, the researcher
chooses TBL as the appropriate method in designing the integrated reading and writing materials.
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5. Task-Based Learning TBL a. Definition of Task-Based Learning
