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h. If that fails tents to blame others.
i. Like seeking recognition from others
35
. 3.
Cause Of Lack Confidence According to Juhana J. it is commonly understood that students’
lack of confidence usually occurs when the students realize that theirs conversation partners have not understood them or when they do not
understand other speakers
36
. On other hand, student who lack confidence are usually found to be extremely fearful and timid, reluctant to express
their opinion and even unable to utter a complete meaningful a sentence in class
37
. Jordan said in his book, the causes students’ lack confidence in the
classroom because shyness personality factor which are independent of language being used, they feel shy afraid and worried about making
mistake when speak English.
38
Another important cause has been identified Yoshitaka in Viswat and Jackson state the student are constantly told from childhood to sit
quietly and listen to the teacher and not to stand up and speak out unless called upon, so the developing oral communication skills become
35
Agung Iswidharmanjaya,. Media Komputindo. Satu Hari Menjadi Lebih Percaya Diri. Jakarta: 2004 p.07
36
Juhana J. journal of education and practice. Psychological faktor that hinder students from speaking in English class. 2012. P.106
37
Ni, Hu. Theory practice in language studies. The effect of affective factor in SLA and pedagogical implication. 2012. P. 1506
38
Jordan difficulty in speaking classroom. English for academic purpose .2008 p.205
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problematic when learners suffer from a lack of self-confidence, low confidence learners uncomfortable, afraid and frustrate in the classroom.
39
According to Zulkarnain in his research said that one of problem student low achievement were caused by lack of confidence. Individual
character with low achievement also expressed by as follows: a.
Lack of personal responsibility in doing a job or activities b.
Be apathy and lack confidence c.
Have a work program but is not based on realistic plans and goals, as well as the weak implementation.
d. Hesitant in making decisions.
e. Actions are less focused on the goal.
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The characteristics of individuals who have a low under achievement can be expressed, among others:
a. Orientation in the past.
b. Having a difficult task and not according to his ability.
c. Does not have confidence in the face of duty, a sense of pessimism
owned. d.
Consider the success of luck.
39
Yoshitaka S. TESL reporter. Capitalizing on cultural differences in English Foreign Language classroom in Japan. 1991. P.16
40
Zulkarnain. Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Keguruan Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau. Peran Kepala Sekolah dalam Meningkatkan Prestasi Guru di SMA Negeri 7 Merbau Kecamatan
Merbau Kabupaten Kepulauan Meranti. 2013.p.35
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e. More take the risk level of work is weak, so it will be easy to achieve
success. f.
Love lazing and perform in a new way. g.
Feel not enjoys a demanding job responsibilities and feel satisfied the extent of the achievements.
h. Do not look for feedback from his actions when doing work that is
unwanted.
41
In a study conducted by Prantiya one of the characteristics of individuals who have low achievement can be seen from a weak effort and
give up easily. Individuals with low achievement considered failures caused by the inability and lack of confidence.
42
Ability is a stability factor, which cannot be changed solely by ability. Therefore, the opinions of failure will be followed by a series of
failures as well. From the opinions it can be concluded that the characteristics of individuals who have low achievement is the lack of
responsibility in completing the task, lack of confidence in his ability and easy to give up on the difficult task as well as easy to give up when faced
with failure.
41
http:www.academia.edu5542779_BERPRESTASI_SISWA.pdf di unduh pada tanggal 22 Januari 2016.pukul 10.pm
42
Prantiya, Tesis: Magister Manajemen Pendidikan Program Pascasarjana Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. Kontribusi Fasilitas Belajar Dan Motivasi Berprestasi Terhadap Hasil Belajar Kimia Pada
Siswa Sma Negeri 1 Karangnongko Kabupaten Klaten.Surakarta 2008.p.40
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G. Review of Previous Study
There are some researches previously held by some researchers related to this study. Here are some previous studies which have in the similar sub skill
in students’ self confidence in speaking problems;
The first is a thesis with the title “An Analysis of Students’ Speaking
Problems at English Education Department, State Institute of Islamic Studies, Sunan Ampel Surabaya” written by Aida Fitria. In this thesis, she explains in
detail about the problems which are faced by the fifth semester students of English Education Department IAIN Sunan Ampel. She conducted interview
and distributes questionnaire to collect the data from sample of the research. She does the interview not only to the students, but also to the lecturer about the
problems that students face.
43
And the problem faces by her study are: mother tongue used, lazy to open dictionary, lazy to practice speaking mastering
grammar etc. The researcher and Aida Fitria research have the differences problem in
speaking. Aida focused in speaking problem and the researcher focus on student lack confidence, it‘s more specific speaking problem. The methods to
collect the data are different. In this research, the researcher takes from document of speaking score and doing interview. Before interview the
43
Aida Fitria, ”An Analysis of Students’ Speaking Problems at English Education Department, State Institute of Islamic Studies, Sunan Ampel Surabaya” Unpublished thesis Surabaya: library of Islamic
State University Sunan Amppel Surabaya, 2009
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researcher finds the categories speaking low score in the preview semester. So that the researcher can find and choose the categories on student low score
which will be faced by the students with other. The second is a research by Yuyun Eka Andraini under the title
“Teacher and Student Problems in Teaching Learning Process of Speaking in MA Darul Ulum Waru Sidoarjo”. In her study, she takes the teacher and the
students of MA Darul Ulum as the subject of her study. She found out that the teacher of MA Darul Ulum faced some problems, such as; the passiveness of
students in speaking class, students use their mother tongue frequently, students are afraid of uttering their opinion, and too many students are in class. The
problems faced by students on her study are; limited vocabulary, less understanding in grammatical structure, the difficulties to arrange sentence,
confused to choose the appropriate tenses, and pronounce incorrectly. Yuyun’s study and the researcher’s study has similarity in finding the
students’ speaking problems, but her study also focuses on teacher problems in teaching speaking. The researcher study only focuses on students’ lack
confidence in speaking. On her study, she gives only the problems without the strategies to overcome those problems. She talks about two problems in
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speaking that actually those can be only a problem, such as problems in tenses and grammar.
44
The third is “A Study of Students’ Problem in Daily English Speaking
Activity at SMA Pomosda Tanjung Anom Nganjuk” written by Yun Arita. Arita’s study has relationship with this study in discussing about students’
speaking problem. She also researches about how to overcome the students’ speaking problem. Her study explains the common speaking problems without
explaining specific problems in learning speaking skill. She mentions some problems faced by the students in the result of her
study, those are; students feel difficult to make sentence correctly, students are very hard to remember vocabularies. She explains about the causes why those
problems occur, such as; the students only have a few vocabularies and use those vocabularies rarely. Students feel shy when pronounce incorrectly. The
way to overcome the students’ problem on her study is to do more exercise for the students and practice speaking with their partner teacher and other
students.
45
The fourth, a thesis from Hanunah by the title “Students’ Strategies in
Overcoming Speaking Problems in Speaking Class of Second Semester at English Teacher Education Department of Tarbiyah Faculty IAIN Sunan Ampel
44
Yuyun Eka Andriani, “ Teacher and students problems in teaching learning process in
speaking in MA DarulUlumSidoarjo” state institute of Islamic studies Sunan Ampel
Surabaya : unpublished thesis, 2011
45
Yun Arita, “A Study of Students’ Problem in Daily English Speaking Activity at SMA
Pomosda Tanjunganom
Nganjuk “University Muhammadiyah Malang: unpublished thesis, 2008
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Surabaya”. In this thesis, she takes the second semester as the subject of her research. She chooses the second semester because they have taken speaking 1
subject, and they are considered to have some problems in speaking. She uses a structure or closed form questionnaire which contains of the questions and
alternative answer to them. After distributing questionnaire, the researcher observes the students when they fill the questionnaire, in case they find
difficulty or unclear questions. She analyzes the data by identifying the answer of the questionnaire and then getting the percentage of each item
questionnaire.
46
The similarity between Hanunah’s study and the researcher’s study is focusing on speaking skill. The differences of those two studies are the problem
in speaking, she focuses on strategis in overcome the problem and the researcher has focusing on student’s who have lack confidence in speaking
class. In the instrument she uses to collect the data is questionnaire, observes, in researcher’s study also uses study document and interview guide to collect the
data. The Fifth is a thesis from Jamilah
“Contributing Factor to the Inability in speaking of first and sec
ond graders of Ma’arif Senior High School 4 Driyorejo”. She concludes that the causes of the inability in speaking of first
and second graders during English lesson are; lack of motivation, lack of
46
Hanunah, “Students’ Strategies in Overcoming Speaking problems in Speaking Class of second
seme ster at English Department of Tarbiyah Faculty IAIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya” Unpublished
thesis Surabaya: library of Islamic State University Sunan Amppel Surabaya, 2009
