24 benefits and perception of benefits are two factors that have been identified in
influencing sustainability Pollnac and Pomeroy 2005. The benefits of successful livelihood projects should outweigh the cost of the time and energy for
participation Barrett et al. 2005:89, Rogers 2003. Participants are more likely to be satisfied by a given livelihood project if they see quick results before
committing large amounts of time and effort to the initiative Barrett et al. 2005:95. Successful accomplishment of short-term goals will also increase self-
confidence and mutual trust among participants. Generally, involving communities in decision-making increases likelihood of acceptance Tango-Lowy and Robertson
2002:241. Rehabilitation projects should attempt to transfer organizational structure
and type of former occupations as much as possible. If recovery programs cannot rehabilitate former livelihoods, training and social solidarity should be emphasized
during early implementation activities to increase their likelihood of success Pollnac et al. 1991.
2.6 Research Topic and Hypotheses
Given the information above, this study investigates the factors of attitudes toward fishing, future perspective, damage to productive and household materials from the
tsunami and their affects on willingness to participate in rehabilitation livelihood projects. The hypothesized relationships to be investigated are graphically
represented in the figure below Figure 4.
25
Figure 4. Hypothesized Relationships to be Investigated
Using household surveys, participant observation and key informant interview techniques to assess the interactions of the factors above, the following hypotheses
will be investigated to explore how perceptions of individuals impacted by the Indian Ocean tsunami and damage to personal materials affect willingness to
participate in livelihood rehabilitation projects:
H1. Individuals that view fishing positively are less likely to be willing to participate in livelihood recovery projects that will cause them to practice a new
livelihood. H2. Individuals that are more forward-thinking and think more positively about the
future, will show a greater willingness to participate in livelihood recovery projects.
Fatalism
Personal Affects of the
Tsunami Material Livelihood
Affects of the Tsunami
Personal Experience with
Tsunami
Gratification Orientation
Attitudes Toward
Fishing
Future Perspective
Perception of Ongoing Projects
Recognition of
Need for New Livelihoods
Willingness to Participate
Likelihood Of Success
26 H3. Individuals that perceive current recovery activities positively will show a
greater willingness to participate in proposed livelihood activities. H4. Individuals whose productive and household materials were more severely
affected by the tsunami will show a greater willingness to participate in livelihood activities.
Results from tests of each of these hypotheses may be used, with results of previous studies presented above, to tailor project design and implementation for
the specific needs of the communities, groups and individuals involved in the Program.
2.7 Summary
