Descriptive Statistics of Measured Variables

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4.3.1. Descriptive Statistics of Measured Variables

A summary of the descriptive statistics on variables used for the analysis is presented in Table 9. Assumptions of normality for the variables are met with the exception of perceived value of project which has a high skew -3 and kurtosis 13 Table 9. Table 9. Descriptive Statistics for Continuous Variables Used in Canonical Correlations and Follow-up Multiple Regressions 13 Variable N Mean SD Skewness Kurtosis Perception of Fishing 447 0.51 0.31 -0.08 -0.78 Fatalistic Thinking 457 3.59 2.08 0.37 -1.19 Future Perception 423 -1.49 1.34 0.29 1.35 Investment - 9,000 baht 455 1.90 0.88 -0.75 0.04 Investment - 110,000 baht 456 1.80 0.92 -0.41 -0.67 Predicted Participation in Proposed Projects 453 0.66 0.36 -0.60 -0.99 Perceived Value of Proposed Projects 457 5.30 0.97 -3.16 13.57 Given this deviation from assumptions, results should be interpreted with caution. However, the large sample size improves interpretability. The lower recommended limit for sample size is 5 per variable Harlow 2005. For this analysis with eight variables, the sample used is 423, well above the recommended size of 40. In addition, least squares models are robust to violations of parametric assumptions. Multicollinearity occurs when two or more independent variables are highly related and, therefore, parameter estimates are not uniquely determined Onwuegbuzie and Daniel 2003. Since correlations between independent variables were lower than their correlations with dependent variables, multicollinearity is not suspected among these variables. 13 Note: Values in bold do not conform to assumptions of normality. 53 For the third and fourth multiple regressions, certain cases were selected from the original sample for the analysis. Therefore, descriptive statistics for the variables are similar and variables meet assumptions of normality except for perceived value of the project which is similarly skewed -3 and kurtotic 13 Table 10. Table 10. Descriptive Statistics for Continuous Variables Used in Multiple Regressions for Individuals that Rated Ongoing Projects Variable Mean SD Skewness Kurtosis Perception of Fishing 0.53 0.30 -0.68 -0.68 Fatalistic Thinking 3.41 1.98 0.47 -0.99 Future Perception -1.39 1.24 -0.01 1.41 Investment - 9,000 baht 1.96 0.95 -0.77 -0.24 Investment - 110,000 baht 1.80 1.00 -0.41 -0.92 Tsunami damage to productivehousehold materials 2.61 1.96 0.14 -1.20 Participation in Current Projects 0.29 0.40 0.93 -0.77 Perceived Value of Current Projects 5.36 0.81 -1.41 2.25 Willingness to Partipate in Proposed Projects 0.75 0.33 -1.04 -0.11 Perceived Value of Proposed Projects 5.34 0.89 -3.01 13.83 In addition, because the sample is now smaller 226, interpretability is less reliable. However, the recommended sample size for an analysis with ten variables is 50 5 for each variable. Therefore, this sample size is also well above the lower limit suggested for this analysis 50 and, therefore, interpretability is still reasonable Harlow 2005. Table 10 shows descriptive statistics for the same variables used in these multiple regressions, including only cases where the individual rated the value of at least one ongoing project.

4.3.2. Canonical Correlation