61 Table 13. As indicated by the squared semi-partial correlations sr
2
, perceived value of proposed projects contributed 8 to the unique variance contributed by
perceived value of proposed project to the predictor variables. In addition, attitudes toward fishing contributed 3 and damage to productive and household materials
contributed 1 of unique variance to predictor variables. The results of this analysis indicate that greater willingness to participate can be statistically
significantly predicted by more positive attitudes toward fishing, greater damage to personal materials from the tsunami and greater perceived value of proposed
projects. This analysis suggests that attitudes toward fishing and direct damage to
household andor productive materials are of important concern when assessing willingness to participate in proposed projects.
4.3.4. Multiple Regressions with Perceptions of Current Projects
Two additional multiple regressions used only cases for which the individual listed at least one livelihood project in order to address the third
hypothesis which assessed how perceptions of current projects affects perceptions of proposed projects. Therefore, the analysis below examines the effect of
perceptions of ongoing projects on perceptions of proposed projects. The following two multiple regressions assess an individual’s perceived value of ongoing
livelihood projects and their actual participation in addition to the independent variables used in the previous analyses.
62 This multiple regression assesses the six post-tsunami perceptions and
material damage variables listed above, participation in ongoing projects, and perceived value of ongoing projects and willingness to participate in proposed
projects on the outcome of perceived value of proposed projects. The variable of willingness to participate is used here as a dependent variable also, in order to
assess the correlation between the two proposed project variables while accounting for the interaction of perceptions of ongoing projects and post-tsunami perceptions
and material damage. The model is significant overall at F9, 226 = 6.10, p 0.05 with R
2
= 0.20 a medium multivariate effect size.
Table 14. Multiple Regression of Perceived Value of Proposed Projects for Individuals that Rated Ongoing Projects
17
Unstandardized Coefficients
Standardized Coefficients
B Std. Error
β sr
2
unique Intercept
3.415 0.330
Perception of Fishing 0.014
0.153 0.006
0.00003
Fatalistic Thinking 0.054
0.022 0.155
0.022
Future Perception -0.016
0.035 -0.029
0.0008 Investment - 9,000 baht
-0.023 0.047
-0.030 0.0009
Investment - 110,000 baht -0.077
0.046 -0.107
0.011 Tsunami damage to productivehousehold
materials 0.003
0.023 0.007
0.00004 Participation in Ongoing Projects
-0.013 0.105
-0.008 0.00005
Perceived Value of Ongoing Projects 0.325
0.054 0.374
0.135 Willingness to Participate in Proposed Projects 0.296
0.128 0.146
0.020
R
2
= 0.203
Adjusted R
2
= 0.170 R = 0.450
17
Note: Significant predictors are in bold p 0.05.
= Significant predictor at p 0.05; = Significant predictor at p 0.01
63 The following three factors were statistically significantly related to perceived
value of proposed projects at the p 0.05 level: fatalistic thinking t = 2.42 with a standardized beta weight of 0.155 and a small effect size sr
2
= 0.02; perceived value of ongoing projects t = 6.05 with a standardized beta weight of 0.37 and a
medium effect size sr
2
= 0.14; and willingness to participate in proposed projects t = 2.31 with a standardized beta weight of 0.15 and a small effect size sr
2
= 0.02 Table 14. The squared semi-partial correlations sr
2
indicate that 14 is the unique variance contributed by perceived value of ongoing projects to the predictor
variables in this model. Fatalistic thinking contributed 2 and willingness to participate in proposed projects contributed 2 unique variance the predictor
variable of perceived value of proposed projects in this analysis. The results of this analysis indicate that more positive perceptions of proposed projects can be
significantly predicted by a more positive perceived value of ongoing projects, greater fatalistic thinking and greater willingness to participate in proposed
projects. The following multiple regression assesses the same variables as the
previous analysis except the outcome of perceived value of proposed projects is used as an independent variable and predicted value of proposed projects is used as
a dependent variable. The perceived value of proposed projects is used here as a dependent variable in order to assess the correlation between the two proposed
project variables while accounting for the interactions of perceptions of ongoing projects and post-tsunami perceptions and material damage. The model is
significant overall at F9, 226 = 2.49, p 0.05 with R
2
= 0.09 a small
64 multivariate effect size. The following two factors were statistically significant
predictors of willingness to participate in proposed projects at the p 0.05 level: perception of the occupation of fishing t = 1.99 with a standardized beta weight of
0.14 and a small effect size sr
2
= 0.01 and perceived value of proposed projects t = 2.31 with a standardized beta weight of 0.17 and a small effect size sr
2
= 0.02 Table 15.
Table 15. Multiple Regression of Willingness to Participate in Proposed Projects for Individuals that Rated Ongoing Projects
18
Unstandardized Coefficients
Standardized Coefficients
B Std. Error
β sr
2
unique Intercept 0.0002
0.212
Perception of Fishing 0.158 0.079 0.140 0.017
Fatalistic Thinking 0.0006
0.012 0.003
0.00001 Future Perception
0.004 0.018
0.015 0.0002
Investment - 9,000 baht 0.021
0.025 0.057
0.003 Investment - 110,000 baht
0.044 0.024
0.124 0.014
Tsunami damage to productivehousehold materials 0.021
0.012 0.119
0.012 Participation in Ongoing Projects
0.048 0.055
0.058 0.003
Perceived Value of Ongoing Projects 0.003
0.030 0.008
0.00005
Perceived Value of Proposed Projects 0.082 0.035 0.166 0.022
R
2
= 0.094
Adjusted R
2
= 0.056 R = 0.307
As indicated by the squared semi-partial correlations sr
2
, 2 is the unique variance contributed by perceived value of proposed projects and 2 of the unique
variance is contributed by attitudes toward fishing 2 to willingness to participate in proposed projects, the dependent variable. The results of this analysis indicate
18
Note: Significant predictors are in bold p 0.05.
= Significant predictor at p 0.05; = Significant predictor at p 0.01
65 that greater willingness to participate in proposed projects is statistically
significantly related to a more positive perceived value of proposed projects and more positive attitudes toward fishing.
These two multiple regressions assess the factors that significantly predict more positive perceptions of proposed projects using only individuals that were
familiar with at least one livelihood project that was ongoing at the time of the survey. This analysis indicates that more positive perceptions of ongoing projects,
greater fatalistic thinking and more positive attitudes toward fishing will predict greater willingness to participate and more positive perceived value of proposed
projects. As in the earlier analysis, greater willingness to participate and more positive perceptions of the value of proposed projects statistically significantly
impact each other. In summary, several findings result from the statistical analysis of survey
responses. Although the R
2
values are weak, with various tests identifying the same relationships, there is a basis for further investigation of these findings with data
from key informant interviews and participant observations. In each of the multiple regressions, willingness to participate and perceived value of the project are
positively related. Attitudes toward the occupation of fishing are significantly associated with the canonical variate as well as significantly predicting willingness
to participate using all cases as well as cases that evaluate at least one ongoing project. Direct damage to productive and household materials is also significantly
associated with the canonical variate as well as predicting willingness to participate in proposed projects. Fatalistic thinking is negatively associated with the canonical
66 variate and positively contributes to perceived value of projects assessing only
responses of individuals that evaluate at least one ongoing project. Individuals’ perception of ongoing projects is also a predictor of willingness to participate in
proposed projects analyzing only individuals that evaluated at least one livelihood project.
4.4. Participant Observation and Key Informant Interviews
