Round character Flat character

2.4.1 Round character

Is a character with a complex and realistic personality; often called three- dimensional or multifaceted characters. A round character is a character whose changes throughout the story. Lets say at the beginning he was afraid but at the end he faced his fears. Round characters usually play a main role in a story; round characters are often called the hero or heroin. Many main characters are heroic, and it is because preferable to use the more neutral word protagonist. Round characters are both individual and sometimes unpredictable, they are dynamic. The round characters also known as the main characters because they play a main in a story of novel.

2.4.2 Flat character

Is a minor character in a work of fiction that does not undergo substantial change or growth in the course of a story. And also often called one- or two- dimensional characters or static characters. Flat characters play a supporting role to the main character that as a rule should be round. Flat characters do not grow; they are static because they end where they begin. Usually, flat characters are minor, although not all minor characters are necessary flat. Flat characters sometimes are prominent in certain types of literature, such police, detective, and cowboy stories, where the focus is less on character than on performance. These kinds of characters might be lively and engaging, even though they do not develop or change. Characters stay flat as long as they merely perform Universitas Sumatera Utara their roles and exhibit conventional and unindividual traits. When the authors bring characters into focus, however, no matter what roles they perform, they come from flatness and move into roundness. It means that the ability to grow and develop, to be changed by circumstances, makes characters round, without of these traits makes characters flat. According to Millie and Yates 1982:228, there are at least six methods by which an author can show the characters. They are: • By what the person say • By what someone else says • By his or her action • By indicating his or her thoughts • By the way that other people treat him or her • By the author’s direct words A character in a work fiction may realize in a character in a work of in a number of ways. Character, after all, has been constructed to make out reported actions the words they are give to say and the commentary made of on them by their creator. Character is revealed by how a character responds to conflict, by his or her dialogue, and through descriptions. In analyzing this thesis, I use intrinsic and extrinsic approach. Intrinsic approach leads to understand more about the language, style, symbols, images, contrast, structure and development of plot in a literary work. The extrinsic approach Universitas Sumatera Utara is meant to help to strengthen the understanding and to enlarge the appreciation of work. Both intrinsic and extrinsic approaches lead me to get a deeper understanding about novel. Qualitative research is a method of inquiry employed in many different academic disciplines, traditionally in the social sciences, but also in market research and further contexts. Qualitative researchers aim to gather an in-depth understanding of human behavior and the reasons that govern such behavior. Point of qualitative research. Data is collected from selected research participants, and providing in narrative description. The Way of Character Disclosed in Novel There are five ways to present the characters in a novel. As the readers, we must use our own knowledge and experience to make judgments’ about the qualities of characters being revealed. 1. Actions What character does is our best way to understand what or who they are. As the ordinary human beings, fictional characters do not necessarily understand how they may be changing or why they do things they do nevertheless, their actions express their characters. 2. Descriptions Appearance and environment reveal much about character’s social and economic status, but they also tell us more about character traits. 3. Dramatic statements and thoughts Universitas Sumatera Utara Although the speeches of most characters are functional – essential to keep the story moving along – they provide material from which we can draw conclusions. Often, characters use speech to hide their motivate, though we as readers should see through such a ploy. 4. Statements by other character By studying what characters say about each other, we can enhance our understanding of the character being discussed. 5. Statement by the author speaking as story teller or observer What the author says about the character is usually accurate, and the authorial voice can be accepted factually. However, when the authorial voice interprets actions and characteristic, the author himself assumes the role of a reader or critic, and any opinions may be questioned. Universitas Sumatera Utara

CHAPTER III METHOD OF RESEARCH

3.1 Research Design