vi
CONTENT
Approval sheet i
Biography ii
Abstract iii
Acknowledgement iv
Content list vi
Table list vii
Figure list viii
Attachment list x
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1.
Background of Problem 1
1.2. Problem Identification
5 1.3.
The Scope of Study 5
1.4. Research Questions
6 1.5.
Reserach Objectives 6
1.6. Significance of Research
6 1.7.
Operational Definition 7
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1. Theoretical Framework 8
2.2. Relevant Research 27
2.3. Subject Material 29
2.4. Study Hypothesis 44
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1. Location and Time of Research 46
3.2. Population and Sample 46
3.3. Variable of Research 47
3.4. Designs of Research 47
3.5. Research Procedures 48
3.6. Research Instruments 50
vii
3.6. Instrument Testing 52
3.7. Data Analysis 55
CHAPTER IV RESULT AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Result of Research 59
4.1.1 Instrument Test Data Analysis 59
4.2. Description of Research Data 60
4.2.1 Student Pre test 60
4.2.2 Student Learning Achievement 61
4.2.3 Student Critical Thinking Skill 63
4.2.4 Student Learning Activity 66
4.3 Analysis of Research Data 67
4.3.1 Normality Test 67
4.3.2 Homogeneity Test 67
4.3.2 Hypothesis Test 67
4.4 Discussion 68
4.4.1 Student Learning Achievement 68
4.4.2 Student Critical Thinking 71
4.4.3 Student Learning Activity 72
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1 Conclusion 73
5.2 Recommendation 73
REFERENCES 74
APPENDIX 76
viii
TABLE LIST
Table 2.1 An example of POE task 13
Table 2.2 Syntax of TPS learning model 16
Table 2.3 Relationship between syntax POE learning model with the level of mastery of concepts and critical thinking skills
23 Table 3.1 Number of student population class
46 Table 3.2 Number of regular student’s population class
47 Table 3.3 Research design
48 Table 3.4 The Lattice Cognitive test instrument developed
50 Table 3.5 The lattice cognitive instrument used
51 Table 3.6 Criteria of critical thinking skill
58 Table 3.7 Qualification of Students critical thinking skill and activity
58 Table 4.1 Distribution of student Post test data
62
x
ATTACHMENT LIST
Appendix 1 Syllabus 76
Appendix 2a Lesson Plan POE 78
Appendix 2b Lesson Plan TPS 92
Appendix 3a Worksheet POE 102
Appendix 3b Worksheet TPS 112
Appendix 4 Instrument Achievement Test 118
Appendix 5 Keyword of Achievement Test 129
Appendix 6 Critical Thinking Test 131
Appendix 7 Key Answer of Critical Thinking test 133
Appendix 8 Critical Thinking Rubric Score 136
Appendix 9 Learning Activity Assessments 137
Appendix 10 Students Activity Observation Sheet 139
Appendix 11a Table of Validity Instrument: Multiple choice 140
Appendix 11b Table of item discriminant 141
Appendix 11c Table of Validity Instrument: Essay 142
Appendix 12 Calculation of Validity 143
Appendix 13 Calculation of Reliability 144
Appendix 14 Calculation of Difficulty Level 146
Appendix 15 Calculation of Discrimination Index 149
Appendix 16 Data of Student Pretest Posttest 150
Appendix 17 Calculation of Average of Achievement data 152
Appendix 18 Normality of Achievement Data 154
Appendix 19 Homogeneity of Achievement Data 156
Appendix 20 Hypothesis I Testing 158
Appendix 21Recapitulation of Critical Thinking Skill 162
Appendix 22 Calculation of Average of Critical Thinking skill 164
Appendix 23 Hypothesis II Testing 166
Appendix 24 Recapitulation of Student Learning Activity 170
Appendix 25 Calculation of Average of Student Activity Data 172
Appendix 26 Normality Test of Student Activity 173
Appendix 27 Homogeneity Test of Student Activity 174
xi
Appendix 28 Hypothesis III Testing 175
Appendix 29 Research Documentation 177
Appendix 30 Collection of Permission 181
ix
FIGURE LIST
Page Figure 2.1 Anatomy of Heart
31 Figure 2.2 Blood vessels
33 Figure 2.3 Composition of blood
36 Figure 2.4 The main component of blood
37 Figure 2.5 The Blood clotting event
38 Figure 2.6 Scheme of Blood Circulation
40 Figure 2.7 Coronary Arteries and plaque
43 Figure 4.1 Student’s pre-test data of Class XI IA SMA Negeri 2 Balige in 60
Human Circulatory System Figure 4.2 Student’s Post-test learning achievement data of Class
XI IA SMA Negeri 2 Balige in Human Circulatory System 61
Figure 4.3 The differences of Student learning Achievement 63
Figure 4.4 Student’s critical thinking skill pre-test and after post-test 64 Figure 4.5 Data pre-test of Student’s Critical thinking skill of
65 Figure 4.6 Student’s Critical thinking skill
65 Figure 4.7 Variance of student learning activity in Grade
66
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
