Programs Supporting Enhanced Womens Participation in Development

In 42 Kabupatens and Cities and 5 Provinces in Indonesia 47 enhance capabilities of women and children; iii programs promoting PUG and child protection; and iv programs of policies aimed at enhancing capabilities of women and children. Graph 8.4 Appropriations for Programs Supporting PUG Work Units, 2007-10 Rp billion, Based on Constant 2007 Prices This graph is available only in the Indonesian text of this publication Source: APBD-Rs for 2007-09 and APBD-Ms for 2010, processed by the LBS team. Eight regions consistently allocated funding in support of programs to strengthen institutional support for gender mainstreaming PUG graph 8.4. The city of Surakarta allocated most of all: Rp 2 billion in 2008, but less in the following two years. Two provincial governments Central Java and South Sumatera spent progressively more in these areas over the 4 years 2007-10, but Central Java’s level of spending far exceeded that of South Sumatera. The City of Surakarta ’s performance in this area was notable in several respects. In 2008-09, the city government spent Rp 2.1 billion on a program of capacity building and development of institutional support for empowerment of women and children; between 2008 and 2010 it developed a database on women and children; and over the period 2007-2009 it conducted a public awareness campaign on health, gender issues, womens empowerment and the protection of children. Central Java’s provincial government used its funding to put in place several local government regulations. In 2009 it promulgated local regulation No.32009 on Providing Support for the Victims of Gender-based Violence; in 2010 it commissioned an academic study in preparation for drafting a local regulation on the protection of children; and submitted the completed study to the local legislative assembly DPRD for discussion. And, over three budget years 2008-10, it developed a database on gender issues, conducted capacity building programs and formed a network of PUG-related community linkages. 21 kabupatens and cities and 3 provincial governments studied set up “integrated service centers for womens empowerment ”. The first regions to do so in 2007 were West Aceh, Aceh Besar, Cilicap, Semarang, Bone and Polewali Mandar and the cities of Pekalongan and Surakarta. Other areas followed their lead in 2008-09: Serdang Bedagai and the city of Surabaya in 2008 and Sumedang, Boyolali, Pekalongan and the city of Parepare in 2009. The remainder —Central Lombok and the cities of Palembang, Banjar, Semarang and Blitar —followed suit in 2010. At the provincial level, the governments of East Java, Central Java and South Sumatera also dedicated funds to the establishment of such offices.

8.3 Programs Supporting Enhanced Womens Participation in Development

Two programs fall into this category: i Increasing the participation of women and the level of gender equality in development; and ii Enhancing the role of women in village areas. Six regions consistently appropriated funding for programs to enhance womens participation in development. The city of Surabaya and the kabupatens of Pekalongan and Aceh Besar consistently funded such programs with higher levels of funding each year. By contrast, Situbondo and the city of Palu spent less and less on these programs over the four years studied. At the provincial level, the government of South Sumatera was alone in showing any meaningful budgetary commitment to enhanced womens participation programs. In 42 Kabupatens and Cities and 5 Provinces in Indonesia 48 The city of Pekalongan’s main activities in this area were education and training for womens groups. It conducted two separate training programs —albeit with limited annual funding below Rp 50 million current prices for each —throughout the four years studied: one on enhanced female participation and gender equality in development and the other on improved business management techniques for women. It also invested Rp 200 million each year current prices in capacity building and performance enhancement programs for womens groups. Graph 8.5 Appropriations for Programs Supporting Enhanced Womens Participation, 2007-10 Constant 2007 Prices This graph is available only in the Indonesian text of this publication Source: APBD-Rs for 2007-09 and APBD-Ms for 2010, processed by the LBS team. Several areas began to make moves, albeit modest ones, to encourage females to participate more actively and take up positions in politics and public office. In 2007-08 the city of Surakarta funded the development of a policy framework in precisely this area; and Garut and Wajo and the provincial government of Central Java did likewise in 2009-10. In 2009 West Java funded the establishment of an Indonesian female political caucus. But despite all that, not one of these regions consistently allocated funding for these sorts of activities over the four years studied.

8.3 Programs Supporting Protection of Women and Children