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The city of Pekalongan’s main activities in this area were education and training for womens groups. It conducted two separate training programs
—albeit with limited annual funding below Rp 50 million current prices for each
—throughout the four years studied: one on enhanced female participation and gender equality in development and the other on improved business management techniques for women.
It also invested Rp 200 million each year current prices in capacity building and performance enhancement programs for womens groups.
Graph 8.5 Appropriations for Programs Supporting Enhanced Womens Participation, 2007-10 Constant 2007 Prices
This graph is available only in the Indonesian text of this publication Source: APBD-Rs for 2007-09 and APBD-Ms for 2010, processed by the LBS team.
Several areas began to make moves, albeit modest ones, to encourage females to participate more actively and take up positions in politics and public office. In 2007-08 the city of Surakarta funded the
development of a policy framework in precisely this area; and Garut and Wajo and the provincial government of Central Java did likewise in 2009-10. In 2009 West Java funded the establishment of an
Indonesian female political caucus. But despite all that, not one of these regions consistently allocated funding for these sorts of activities over the four years studied.
8.3 Programs Supporting Protection of Women and Children
Programs encompassing efforts to protect women and children include the following: i social and humanitarian assistance programs; ii programs to enhance the quality of life and the protection of
women; iii programs to enhance the welfare and protection of women and children.
During the four years under study provincial governments surpassed other regions studied for consistency in allocating funds for programs to protect women and children. Among cities studied,
only two Pekalongan and Surakarta appropriated budgetary resources for such programs; but the amounts of money involved were not great and showed little sign of increasing during the period studied.
By contrast,
West Java’s provincial government appropriated substantial amounts for such programs: Rp 3 billion in 2009, up to Rp 6 billion in 2010 constant 2007 prices. The governments of South Sumatera
and Central Java also budgeted for very significant levels of spending on programs to protect women and children: around Rp 1.4 billion in 2010 constant 2007 prices.
Ce ntral Java’s provincial government focused its attention on protection of victims of trafficking and
on its “integrated service center for womens empowerment”. In 2010 it appropriated Rp 3.14 billion
current prices for prevention of people trafficking and for handling and care of victims of trafficking. In 2010 it allocated Rp 1.35 billion current prices to support its integrated service center. And over the
two year period 2009-10, albeit with more limited funds, it sponsored two other activities: one to establish mechanisms for the protection of women and the other to conduct a public awareness and advocacy
campaign on the protection of women in the workplace.
Graph 8.6 Appropriations for Programs Supporting Protection of Women and Children, 2007-10 Constant 2007 Prices
This graph is available only in the Indonesian text of this publication Source: APBD-Rs for 2007-09 and APBD-Ms for 2010, processed by the LBS team.
The city of Pontianak displayed a high level of commitment to the protection of females and children, especially during the last two years studied. During 2009-10 it consistently provided funding for
programs directed at protection of children, control of juvenile delinquency and handling cases of
In 42 Kabupatens and Cities and 5 Provinces in Indonesia
49 domestic violence. In 2010 it funded construction of a shelter for victims of violence and for development
of Pontianak as a ―children friendly city‖.
Among the regions studied, only the city of Surakarta provided funding support for programs for the handicapped. The city already had such programs in place in 2007 and 2008. It was a similar story with
programs for the elderly: only the city of Surabaya made provision for aged citizens —in its 2008 budget.
This situation illustrates the extent to which the handicapped and the aged are discriminated against in local government budgets.
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9. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
