FIGURE TITLE
PAGE
3.20 Economic Inputs
47 3.21
The wind resource input 48
4.1 Plot of the solar characteristic on 23
rd
to 24
th
March 50
2013 4.2
Plot of the solar characteristic on 26
th
to 27
th
March 50
2013 4.3
Plot of the solar characteristic on 3
rd
to 4
th
March 51
2013 4.4
Plot of the solar characteristic on 8
th
to 9
th
March 52
2013 4.5
Plot of the solar characteristic on 9
th
to 10
th
March 52
2013 4.6
Plot of radiation on 25
th
March 2013 53
4.7 Plot of radiation on 3
rd
April 2013 54
4.8 Plot of radiation on 8
th
to 9
th
April 2013 54
4.9 Graph of wind characteristic on 23
rd
to 24
th
March 2013 55
4.10 Graph of wind characteristic on 26
th
to 27
th
March 2013 56
4.11 Graph of wind characteristic on 3
rd
to 4
th
April 2013 56
4.12 Graph of wind characteristic on 8
th
to 9
th
April 2013 57
4.13 Graph of wind characteristic on 9
th
to 10
th
April 2013 57
4.14 Graph of wind speed on 25
th
to 27
th
March 2013 58
4.15 Graph of wind speed on 28
th
to 29
th
March 2013 59
4.16 Graph of wind speed 3
rd
to 4
th
April 2013 59
4.17 Graph of wind speed 8
th
to 9
th
April 2013 60
4.18 Load characteristic on 23
rd
to 24
th
March 2013 61
4.19 Load characteristic on 26
th
to 27
th
March 2013 61
4.20 Load characteristic on 3
rd
to 4
th
April 2013 62
4.21 Load characteristic on 8
th
to 9
th
April 2013 62
FIGURE TITLE
PAGE
4.22 Load characteristic on 9
th
to 10
th
April 2013 63
4.23 Plot battery characteristic on 23
rd
to 24
th
March 2013 64
4.24 Plot battery characteristic on 26
th
to 27
th
March 2013 64
4.25 Plot battery characteristic on 3
rd
to 4
th
April 2013 65
4.26 Plot battery characteristic on 8
th
to 9
th
April 2013 65
4.27 Plot battery characteristic on 9
th
to 10
th
April 2013 66
4.28 Graph voltage versus time for Hybrid PV-wind system
67 on 23
rd
to 24
th
March 2013 4.29
Graph voltage versus time for Hybrid PV-wind system 68
on 26
th
to 27
th
March 2013 4.30
Graph voltage versus time for Hybrid PV-wind system 68
on 3
rd
to 4
th
April 2013 4.31
Graph voltage versus time for Hybrid PV-wind system 69
on 8
th
to 9
th
April 2013 4.32
Graph voltage versus time for Hybrid PV-wind system 69
on 9
th
to 10
th
April 2013 4.33
Graph power versus time for Hybrid PV-wind system 71
on 23
rd
to 24
th
March 2013 4.34
Graph power versus time for Hybrid PV-wind system 71
on 26
th
to 27
th
March 2013 4.35
Graph power versus time for Hybrid PV-wind system 72
on 3
rd
to 4
th
April 2013
4.36 Graph power versus time for Hybrid PV-wind system
72 on 8
th
to 9
th
April 2013 4.37
Graph power versus time for Hybrid PV-wind system 73
on 9
th
to 10
th
April 2013 4.38
The optimized result 75
A1 Reading of Solar System on 23
rd
to 24
th
March 2013 81
FIGURE TITLE
PAGE A2
Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Solar 81
System on 23
rd
to 24
th
March 2013 A3
Reading of Solar System on 26
th
to 27
th
March 2013 82
A4 Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Solar
82 System on 26
th
to 27
th
March 2013 A5
Reading of Solar System on 3
rd
to 4
th
April 2013 83
A6 Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Solar
83 System on 3
rd
to 4
th
April 2013 A7
Reading of Solar System on 8
th
to 9
th
April 2013 84
A8 Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Solar
84 System on 8
th
to 9
th
April 2013 A9
Reading of Solar System on 9
th
to 10
th
April 2013 85
A10 Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Solar
85 System on 9
th
to 10
th
April 2013 A11
Reading of Wind System on 23
rd
to 24
th
March 2013 86
A12 Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Wind
86 System on 23
rd
to 24
th
March 2013 A13
Reading of Wind System on 26
th
to 27
th
March 2013 87
A14 Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Wind
87 System on 26
th
to 27
th
March 2013 A15
Reading of Wind System on 3
rd
to 4
th
April 2013 88
A16 Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Wind
88 System on 3
rd
to 4
th
April 2013 A17
Reading of Wind System on 8
th
to 9
th
April 2013 89
A18 Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Wind
89 System on 8
th
to 9
th
April 2013 A19
Reading of Wind System on 9
th
to 10
th
April 2013 90
FIGURE TITLE
PAGE A20
Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Wind 90
System on 9
th
to 10
th
April 2013 A21
Reading of Load System on 23
rd
to 24
th
March 2013 91
A22 Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Load
91 System on 23
rd
to 24
th
April 2013 A23
Reading of Load System on 26
th
to 27
th
March 2013 92
A24 Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Load
92 System on 26
th
to 24
th
March 2013 A25
Reading of Load System on 3
rd
to 4
th
April 2013 93
A26 Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Load
93 System on 3
rd
to 4
th
April 2013 A27
Reading of Load System on 8
th
to 9
th
April 2013 94
A28 Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Load
94 System on 8
th
to 9
th
April 2013 A29
Reading of Load System on 9
th
to 10
th
April 2013 95
A30 Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Load
95 System on 9
th
to 10
th
April 2013 A31
Reading of Battery System on 23
rd
to 24
th
March 2013 96
A32 Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Battery
96 System on 23
rd
to 24
th
March 2013 A33
Reading of Battery System on 26
th
to 27
th
March 2013 97
A34 Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Battery
97 System on 26
th
to 27
th
March 2013 A35
Reading of Battery System on 3
rd
to 4
th
April 2013 98
A36 Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Battery
98 System on 3
rd
to 4
th
April 2013 A37
Reading of Battery System on 8
th
to 9
th
April 2013 99
FIGURE TITLE
PAGE A38
Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Battery 99
System on 8
th
to 9
th
April 2013 A39
Reading of Battery System on 9
th
to 10
th
April 2013 100
A40 Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Battery
100 System on 9
th
to 10
th
April 2013 B1
Solar Radiation Data by Nasa 101
C1 Wind speed Data in year 2012 by WeatherOnline
102 C2
Wind speed Data in year 2013 by WeatherOnline 103
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
V -
Voltage A
- Ampere
DC -
Direct Current AC
- Alternate Current
W -
Watt PV
- Photovoltaic
LED -
Light Emitting Diode MPP
- Maximum Power Point
I
pv
- Photovoltaic Current
I
o
- Saturation Current
R
s
- Series Resistance
R
p
- Shunt Resistance
V
ta
- Thermal Voltage
N
s
- Cell Connected in Series
q -
Electron Charge k
- Boltzman’s Constant
HAWT -
Horizontal axis wind Turbine VAWT
- Vertical axis wind Turbine
CO
2
- Carbon Dioxide
Wm
2
- Watt per Meter Square
KWm
2 -
KiloWatt per Meter Square mh
- Meter per hour
Kmh -
Kilometer per hour
LIST OF APPENDICES
APPENDIX TITLE
PAGE A
Fluke Meter Graph 81
B Solar Radiation Data by NASA
101 C
Wind Speed Data by 102
WeatherOnline
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background