Graph of wind characteristic on 3 Graph of wind speed on 25

FIGURE TITLE PAGE 3.20 Economic Inputs 47 3.21 The wind resource input 48 4.1 Plot of the solar characteristic on 23 rd to 24 th March 50 2013 4.2 Plot of the solar characteristic on 26 th to 27 th March 50 2013 4.3 Plot of the solar characteristic on 3 rd to 4 th March 51 2013 4.4 Plot of the solar characteristic on 8 th to 9 th March 52 2013 4.5 Plot of the solar characteristic on 9 th to 10 th March 52 2013 4.6 Plot of radiation on 25 th March 2013 53 4.7 Plot of radiation on 3 rd April 2013 54 4.8 Plot of radiation on 8 th to 9 th April 2013 54 4.9 Graph of wind characteristic on 23 rd to 24 th March 2013 55 4.10 Graph of wind characteristic on 26 th to 27 th March 2013 56

4.11 Graph of wind characteristic on 3

rd to 4 th April 2013 56 4.12 Graph of wind characteristic on 8 th to 9 th April 2013 57 4.13 Graph of wind characteristic on 9 th to 10 th April 2013 57

4.14 Graph of wind speed on 25

th to 27 th March 2013 58 4.15 Graph of wind speed on 28 th to 29 th March 2013 59 4.16 Graph of wind speed 3 rd to 4 th April 2013 59 4.17 Graph of wind speed 8 th to 9 th April 2013 60 4.18 Load characteristic on 23 rd to 24 th March 2013 61 4.19 Load characteristic on 26 th to 27 th March 2013 61 4.20 Load characteristic on 3 rd to 4 th April 2013 62 4.21 Load characteristic on 8 th to 9 th April 2013 62 FIGURE TITLE PAGE 4.22 Load characteristic on 9 th to 10 th April 2013 63 4.23 Plot battery characteristic on 23 rd to 24 th March 2013 64 4.24 Plot battery characteristic on 26 th to 27 th March 2013 64 4.25 Plot battery characteristic on 3 rd to 4 th April 2013 65 4.26 Plot battery characteristic on 8 th to 9 th April 2013 65 4.27 Plot battery characteristic on 9 th to 10 th April 2013 66 4.28 Graph voltage versus time for Hybrid PV-wind system 67 on 23 rd to 24 th March 2013 4.29 Graph voltage versus time for Hybrid PV-wind system 68 on 26 th to 27 th March 2013 4.30 Graph voltage versus time for Hybrid PV-wind system 68 on 3 rd to 4 th April 2013 4.31 Graph voltage versus time for Hybrid PV-wind system 69 on 8 th to 9 th April 2013 4.32 Graph voltage versus time for Hybrid PV-wind system 69 on 9 th to 10 th April 2013 4.33 Graph power versus time for Hybrid PV-wind system 71 on 23 rd to 24 th March 2013 4.34 Graph power versus time for Hybrid PV-wind system 71 on 26 th to 27 th March 2013 4.35 Graph power versus time for Hybrid PV-wind system 72 on 3 rd to 4 th April 2013 4.36 Graph power versus time for Hybrid PV-wind system 72 on 8 th to 9 th April 2013 4.37 Graph power versus time for Hybrid PV-wind system 73 on 9 th to 10 th April 2013 4.38 The optimized result 75 A1 Reading of Solar System on 23 rd to 24 th March 2013 81 FIGURE TITLE PAGE A2 Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Solar 81 System on 23 rd to 24 th March 2013 A3 Reading of Solar System on 26 th to 27 th March 2013 82 A4 Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Solar 82 System on 26 th to 27 th March 2013 A5 Reading of Solar System on 3 rd to 4 th April 2013 83 A6 Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Solar 83 System on 3 rd to 4 th April 2013 A7 Reading of Solar System on 8 th to 9 th April 2013 84 A8 Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Solar 84 System on 8 th to 9 th April 2013 A9 Reading of Solar System on 9 th to 10 th April 2013 85 A10 Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Solar 85 System on 9 th to 10 th April 2013 A11 Reading of Wind System on 23 rd to 24 th March 2013 86 A12 Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Wind 86 System on 23 rd to 24 th March 2013 A13 Reading of Wind System on 26 th to 27 th March 2013 87 A14 Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Wind 87 System on 26 th to 27 th March 2013 A15 Reading of Wind System on 3 rd to 4 th April 2013 88 A16 Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Wind 88 System on 3 rd to 4 th April 2013 A17 Reading of Wind System on 8 th to 9 th April 2013 89 A18 Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Wind 89 System on 8 th to 9 th April 2013 A19 Reading of Wind System on 9 th to 10 th April 2013 90 FIGURE TITLE PAGE A20 Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Wind 90 System on 9 th to 10 th April 2013 A21 Reading of Load System on 23 rd to 24 th March 2013 91 A22 Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Load 91 System on 23 rd to 24 th April 2013 A23 Reading of Load System on 26 th to 27 th March 2013 92 A24 Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Load 92 System on 26 th to 24 th March 2013 A25 Reading of Load System on 3 rd to 4 th April 2013 93 A26 Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Load 93 System on 3 rd to 4 th April 2013 A27 Reading of Load System on 8 th to 9 th April 2013 94 A28 Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Load 94 System on 8 th to 9 th April 2013 A29 Reading of Load System on 9 th to 10 th April 2013 95 A30 Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Load 95 System on 9 th to 10 th April 2013 A31 Reading of Battery System on 23 rd to 24 th March 2013 96 A32 Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Battery 96 System on 23 rd to 24 th March 2013 A33 Reading of Battery System on 26 th to 27 th March 2013 97 A34 Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Battery 97 System on 26 th to 27 th March 2013 A35 Reading of Battery System on 3 rd to 4 th April 2013 98 A36 Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Battery 98 System on 3 rd to 4 th April 2013 A37 Reading of Battery System on 8 th to 9 th April 2013 99 FIGURE TITLE PAGE A38 Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Battery 99 System on 8 th to 9 th April 2013 A39 Reading of Battery System on 9 th to 10 th April 2013 100 A40 Graph Voltage blue and Current pink of Battery 100 System on 9 th to 10 th April 2013 B1 Solar Radiation Data by Nasa 101 C1 Wind speed Data in year 2012 by WeatherOnline 102 C2 Wind speed Data in year 2013 by WeatherOnline 103 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS V - Voltage A - Ampere DC - Direct Current AC - Alternate Current W - Watt PV - Photovoltaic LED - Light Emitting Diode MPP - Maximum Power Point I pv - Photovoltaic Current I o - Saturation Current R s - Series Resistance R p - Shunt Resistance V ta - Thermal Voltage N s - Cell Connected in Series q - Electron Charge k - Boltzman’s Constant HAWT - Horizontal axis wind Turbine VAWT - Vertical axis wind Turbine CO 2 - Carbon Dioxide Wm 2 - Watt per Meter Square KWm 2 - KiloWatt per Meter Square mh - Meter per hour Kmh - Kilometer per hour LIST OF APPENDICES APPENDIX TITLE PAGE A Fluke Meter Graph 81 B Solar Radiation Data by NASA 101 C Wind Speed Data by 102 WeatherOnline CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background