Research Design RESEARCH METHOD

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D. Data Collection Techniques

The collected data were both qualitative and quantitative data. The qualitative data were collected through observation, and interviews. Meanwhile, the quantitative data were obtained from doing writing tests pre-test and post-test and the assessments in the end of each cycle. The techniques and the instruments of the data collection can be stated as the following table. Table 2. The Data Collection Techniques Data Instruments Data Collection Techniques Pre-test, post-test and assessment scores Tests Tests Field Notes Observation checklists and field notes Observation Interview transcripts Interview guideline Interview

E. Procedure of the Research

As it has been stated previously that this research used Kemmis McTaggart model which consists of planning, action, observation, and reflection with some modifications, the procedure of the data collection can be elaborated as follows: 1 Reconnaissance The first step was reconnaissance. In this stage, the researcher identified the problems which occurred in the classroom where the research was conducted. To identify the problem, an interview with the English teacher about the obstacles which happened during the teaching and learning process was conducted. Some observations during the teaching and learning process were also carried out. After 38 that, the researcher identified and made lists of problems which were feasible to be solved collaboratively with the English teacher. 2 Planning In this stage, the results of the observation and interview were used as references. Based on that data, the researcher started to prepare all of the actions and the materials for teaching writing descriptive text through Quantum Learning strategy. The preparation covered were preparing the lesson plans, preparing the materials, the media, and also the scoring rubric and other instruments. 3 Action In the action step, the researcher taught writing using the Quantum Learning Design and Quantum Learning Principles. The researcher implemented the activities that have been planned before in lesson plan. The research was done in two cycles. Every cycle was done in 3 meetings. The researcher taught the class and the collaborator helped the researcher observe the teaching and learning process based on the observation checklists. Quantum Learning Design was used to teach the students as the guideline while the principles of Quantum Learning were used to support. 4 Observation During the action, the collaborator and the researcher observed the teaching and learning process including the students’ writing based on the observation checklists. The observation checklists and the collaborator’s notes were used to make field notes in order to be interpreted. The things to be focused on this stage were 39 observing the effectiveness of using Quantum Learning strategy in the class, and students’ writing products. 5 Reflection In the last step, the researcher and the collaborator evaluated the processes and the results of the implementation of the Quantum Learning Strategy in teaching writing. Finally, from the findings and interpretations, the conclusions and suggestions of the research were made. The reflection was conducted by interviewing the students and the collaborator about their responses to the actions. The successful actions were used and reapplied in the next cycle, but those which were unsuccessful were changed or improved into the more suitable ones.

F. Data Analysis Technique

The data analysis technique used by the researcher was according to Burns 1999:156 which consists of assembling the data, coding the data, comparing the data, building meanings and interpretations, and reporting the outcomes. The steps can be elaborated as follows. 1 Assembling the data The researcher collected all the data from the observation, the interviews, and the tests which had been conducted. Those data were field notes, interview transcripts, and the students’ scores in both the assessments during the cycles and the pre-test and post-test.