THE PERCEPTION OF ENGLISH DEPARTMENT LECTURERS AS DIGITAL IMMIGRANTS TOWARD LANGUAGE OF DIGITAL NATIVE STATUS UPDATES ON FACEBOOK AT UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

THE PERCEPTION OF ENGLISH DEPARTMENT LECTURERS

AS DIGITAL IMMIGRANTS TOWARD LANGUAGE OF

DIGITAL NATIVE STATUS UPDATES ON FACEBOOK AT

UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

THESIS

By:

IRMA RUSTANTIYA

09360021

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

THE PERCEPTION OF ENGLISH DEPARTMENT LECTURERS

AS DIGITAL IMMIGRANTS TOWARD LANGUAGE OF

DIGITAL NATIVE STATUS UPDATES ON FACEBOOK AT

UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

THESIS

This Thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to Achieve Sarjana Degree in English Education

By:

IRMA RUSTANTIYA NIM. 09360021

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

This thesis written by Irma Rustantiya was approved on October 30, 2013.

By:

Advisor II Advisor I

This Thesis was defended in front of the examiners of Faculty of Teacher Training and Education of University of Muhammadiyah Malang

and accepted as one of the requirements to achieve Sarjana Degree in English Education

on October 30, 2013

Approved by,

Faculty of Teacher Training and Education University of Muhammadiyah Malang

Dean,

Dr. Poncojari Wahyono, M.kes

Examiners: Signatures:

1. _{Dr. Sudiran, M.Hum} 1. ……….

2. Riski Lestiono, M.A 2. ……….

3. Drs. Soeparto, M.Pd 3. ……….

MOTTO AND DEDICATION

“Adalah baik menjadi seorang yang penting,

tetapi adalah penting menjadi seorang yang

baik”

( Andri D. Setyabudi)

“God never sleep,

just do your best and pray”

“ Bukan dimana atau siapa Anda saat ini, tetapi

ingin dimana atau menjadi siapa Anda nanti”

In the name of Allah, most gracious, most merciful This thesis is dedicated to:

My beloved parent,

My mom and dad, they are my everything. They are the light of my life that have guided and treated me to be the way I am now. Their love always support me to face my life. How lucky I am have both of them. Nothing can replace what

they had gave and done for me.

My sister and brother,

Nurul and Faris who always be my motivation to face my life. Both of you give spirit in my life.

My friends,

Inof (noph2), Febri (pebronk), Hardi (be2k), Tri Yuli (kunyit), Lingga (limbok), Dian (tante), Ririn (kiwil), and all of class A1 kawok English Dept 2009 Thanks for love, spirit, laughter, encouragement, cares and happiness that we

share. Thanks for beautify my steps. All of you guys are amazing.

My new family, Soeparto’s thesis guidience,

Ramli, Ardi, Dwi, Dyah, Bintang, Ocha, and Mualifah, thanks for helping me finish my thesis. Thanks for knowledge that we share.

MSI B21 family,

Reny (nda), Nadia (ochang), Alif (lipah), April (njepril), and Isla

Thanks for beautify my days. Thanks for give me happiness and meaningful days in my life. Our story will always in my mind, hope our silahturahmi will be kept

forever.

My BKMA partners,

All of you coloring my life. Thanks for happiness and laughter that we share. Thanks also for spirit that you gave.

Someone who always in my dream and hope

Andri “markidul dudul”

Who always support me to finish my thesis. Who is always beside me in a sweet

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Alhamdulillahirrabbilalamin, all praises be to Allah SWT for the mercy and love.Because of His guidance, blessing and affection, the writer can finish this thesis. Also may sholawat and salam always be given to the last messenger Muhammad SAW.

The researcher would like to express her deepest gratitude to Mr. Drs. Soeparto, M.Pd and Mrs. Dr. Sri Hartiningsih, M.M for their kindness in giving suggestion, guidance and advice during the consultation period.

Her sincere gratitude and appreciation are also extended to the English Department lecturers who have given her an opportunity to conduct interview.

Finally, special thank goes to beloved father and mother, who always pray for her, give love, advice, support, and much expense to study.

Malang, October 30, 2013 The writer,

TABLE OF CONTENTS

APPROVAL ... i

LEGALIZATION ... ii

MOTTO AND DEDICATION ... iii

ABSTRACT ... v

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ... vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS ... vii

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of Research ... 1

1.2 Statement of Problem ... 5

1.3 Purpose of Research ... 5

1.4 Significance of Research ... 6

1.5 Scope and Limitation ... 6

1.6 Definition of Key Terms ... 6

CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Perception ... 8

2.1.1 Types of Perception... 8

2.1.2 Influencing Factors of Perception ... 9

2.1.3 Process of Human Perception ... 10

2.2 Digital Native... 10

2.3 Digital Immigrant ... 13

2.4 Language of Digital Native ... 14

2.5 Facebook... 17

2.5.1 Home ... 17

2.5.1.1 Tag Photo ... 18

2.5.1.2 Chatting ... 18

2.5.1.3 Poke ... 18

2.5.1.5 Game and Application ... 19

2.5.1.6 Groups ... 20

2.5.1.7 Facebook Status Update ...20

2.5.2 Profile ...21

2.5.2.1 Wall ...22

2.5.2.2 Info ...22

2.5.2.3 Photos ...22

CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3.1 Research Design... 23

3.2 Research Subject ... 23

3.3 Data Collection ... 24

3.3.1 Research Instrument ... 24

3.3.1.1 Document ... 25

3.3.1.2 Interview ... 26

3.3.2 Procedure of Data Collection...27

3.4 Data Analysis ... 28

CHAPTER IV: RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION 4.1 Research Findings ... 29

4.2 Discussion ... 34

CHAPTER V: CONCLUSSION AND SUGGESTION 5.1 Conclussion ... 38

5.2 Suggestion ... 39

BIBLIOGRAPHY ... 41

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Anakotta, Raisa. 2013. An Analysis of Phrasal Verbs Used in Reform Magazine at UMM. Unpublished: UMM.

Anne, C and Lary, M. 2012. A Parents’ Guide to Facebook. Connect Safely. Org and iKeepsafe Coalition.

Ary, Donald. 2010. An Introduction to Research in Education 8th edition, United state of America: Cambridge University.

Bennet,S.J and Maton,K. 2010. The Digital Native debate. Faculty of Education, University of Wollongong.

Cresweel,John. 2012. Educational Research. University of Nebraska–Lincoln.

Ilmimaghfiroh, Rizdia. 2012. The Study of The Symbols on Facebook Status Update

Used by Facebookers. Unpublished: UMM.

Lahey, Benjamin B. 2004. Pshycology: An Introduction (8th). United state of America. Mc. Graw-Hill. Inc. United state of America.

Nadia. 2012. Language Style Used by The Main Characters of “ The Sisterhood of

The Travelling Pants 2” Movie: An Analysis on Its Casual Types.

Unpublished: UMM.

Niza, Choirun. 2012. The Students’ Perception toward The Use of Role Play

Technique in Speaking at SMP Muhammadiyah Batu. Unpublished: UMM

Prensky, Marc. 2001. Digital Native, Digital Immigrant, part I and part II. From on the Horizon: NCB University Press,

http://www.marcprensky.com/writing/prensky-Digital accessed on February 15 2013.

Rahayu, Sri. 2012. The Digital Natives’ Perception toward The Mobile Phone Roles

In School at SMK Muhammadiyah 2 Malang. Unpublished: UMM

Sukhafudin, Rachmat. 2005. A study of The Students’ Perception on Moving Class at

MTsN Malang 1. Unpublished: UMM.

Tapscott, Don. 2009. Grown Up Digital. New York: Mc. Graw Hill Company. Walgito, Bimo. 1997. Pengantar Psikologi Umum. Cetakan Kelima. Yogyakarta: ANDI Offset.

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

In this chapter some aspects of introduction of thesis are explained. Those aspects are: background of the research, statement of problem, purpose of research, significance of research, scope and limitation, and definition of key terms.

1.1 Background of the Research

There are a number of labels to describe the young people currently researching at school or college. They include the digital natives, the net generation, the Google generation or the millennial. All of these terms are being used to highlight the significance and importance of new technologies within the lives of young people (Gibbons, 2007).

According to Bennett, Maton and Kervin (2008) Digital Natives are those born roughly between 1980 and 1994. Digital natives are people who have grown up in the digital world using technology as a way to communicate record, educate and understand society. Digital natives have very fluid and constant communications just not on the phone. With the rise of texting, chat and social media news feeds, digital natives are highly connected with those in their personal networks. According to Prensky (2001) the natives have subtle differences in speech, social interaction, and are fluent in the digital communication forms that are prevalent in the new land. A communication form of digital native is using computer language. It means that the development of digital native‟s language is related to the technology development.

Internet, television, movie, room chat and social networking are factors that influence language development of digital native. It is different with digital immigrant that not too familiar with technology.

According to Marc Prensky (2001), digital immigrants are those of us who were not born into the digital world. They cannot learn to use technology effectively and efficiently, but they will always have an „accent‟ (Prensky, 2011) as they learn the language of technology. It is the reason why digital immigrants quite different with digital native. The differences between digital immigrant and digital native can be seen in their language use.

In the statement before said that digital native‟s language is influenced by technology development. It means that when they find out new words from the technology they use, they will use it in their daily activity. It is suitable with their characteristic that is easy to accept new transformation in their life including language or new words. The new words that they use such as, cemungud (keep spirit), ciyus (serious), miapah (what for), eah (yes), vuk (fuck) etc. In fact, digital immigrants never use those words. It is because digital immigrant‟s language development is not influenced by technology development. Those words like cemungud in digital immigrant as semangat, ciyus as serius, miapah as demi apa, eah as iya and vuk as fuck, but the digital immigrant use this word rarely.

Their language differences observably in their status updates on facebook. Facebook is one of social networking that helps every people to communicate more efficient and easy with their family and their friends. Based on Anne and Lary in A

Parent‟s guide of facebook (2012:12), there are two pages on facebook, that are home and profile in the upper right corner of any facebook page. Profile is more about what people see of you and home about what you see of others on facebook. Digital natives usually use facebook to express their feelings in a sentence form; they usually use words that never be used by digital immigrant in their sentences. On the contrary the digital immigrants almost use common words in their sentences on their facebook status update. Sometimes the digital immigrant cannot understand the meaning of digital natives‟ status updates on facebook. It is because the digital native‟s sentence with their new words is hard to comprehend. This condition causes many misunderstanding between digital immigrant and digital native so the perception will appear.

Perception is the process of organizing and interpreting information received from outside world (Lahey, 2004: 114). According to Rakhmat, (2001:51) perception can be obtained by inferring information and interpret the message. There are two types of perception: positive and negative perception. Positive perception can be said as a good perception and negative perception is a bad perception. Rahmat (2001) states there are two factors that influence perception. First is personal factor or internal factor comes from two sources; physical and psychological. The second one is situational factor/external factor are stimulus and environment factors where perception is continuous.

The above description is a theoretical consideration about digital native vs digital immigrant, facebook, and perception. The following discussion will be about

the some previous studies about perception and facebook conducted by Rahayu (2012), Indriawati (2011), and Ni‟mah (2012).

A research conducted by Rahayu (2012) “Digital Natives‟ Perception toward the Mobile Phone Roles in School at SMK Muhammadiyah 2 Malang” reveals that the digital native needs mobile phone in school during the class to help them knowing something about the lesson that they did not know before by searching in internet. It is showed that digital natives are familiar with technology. They cannot be separated with the technology.

Indriawati (2011) investigated about colloquial language found on English writing update status on facebook focused on what are colloquial words found on English writing updates status of facebookers and what are technical terms used to form the words based on word formation process. This research reveals that there were 90 colloquial words. There were 43 colloquial words based on the theory word formation process and 47 colloquial words did not belong to the theory found on Engling writing updates status facebook in internet www.facebook.com. There were 8 technical terms used based on theory word formation process to form the colloquial words.

Ni‟mah (2012) investigated about the word formation of the alay language in status update on facebook, describes the word formation of the alay language used by facebookers and give the meaning of the alay word in Indonesia. This research reveals that there are 90 alay words found. There are 35 alay words which conform the theory of the word formation such us clipping, blending, and multiple process, 33

alay words do not conform the theory word formation and 22 alay words are called conversion. These research studies show that the language use on facebook is important to be discussed because many facebookers often use language out of the theory of word formation.

Based on the explanation above, it is clear that it is important to investigate the language used on facebook status update because no one has investigated this topic. Moreover, the researcher wants to know the perception of the digital immigrants toward language of digital natives‟ status updates on facebook, especially the perception of English Department lecturers as digital immigrants. The researcher assumed that language lecturers would give negative perception toward the language of digital natives‟ status updates on facebook because this language is out of Indonesia standart language and the digital native‟s status update is sometimes hard to be understood by the digital immigrants. It is of the researcher‟s interest to analyze what the English Department lecturers as digital immigrants‟ perceptions are toward the language of digital natives‟ status updates on facebook.

1.2Statement of the Problem

What are English department lectures at University of Muhammadiyah Malang as digital immigrants‟ perception toward the language of digital natives‟ status updates on facebook?

1.3Purpose of the Research

To know English department lectures at University of Muhammadiyah Malang as digital immigrants‟ perception toward the language of digital natives‟ status updates on facebook.

1.4Significant of the Research

After this research has been completed, theoretically the researcher attempts to provide a real description about the digital immigrants‟ perception toward the facebook status updates of digital natives. Practically, it helps the digital immigrant more understand about the digital native.

1.5Scope and Limitation

The scope of this research focused on language of digital natives‟ status updates on facebook. The researcher limits the research on digital immigrants‟ perception toward the language of digital natives‟ status updates on facebook.

1.6 Definition of Key Terms

1. Digital Immigrant : someone who was not raised in a digital environment but still uses and adopts many aspects of technology (Prensky, 2001a). 2. Digital Native : those born roughly between 1980 and 1994.

(Bennett, Maton and Kervin, 2008)

3. Facebook : one of social networking that helps every

people to communicate more efficient and easy with their family and their friends (Ilmimaghfiroh, 2012).

4. Facebook Status Update : one of features that is always used by every user to share their direct activity that they do, share their feeling and other friends could give the direct comments, choose like sign or symbol to show that the reader interested in the status (Ilmimaghfaroh, 2012).

5. Perception : perception is an active process of creating meaning by selecting, organizing and interpreting people, objects, events, situation and activities (Wood, 2002:89).

2

Internet, television, movie, room chat and social networking are factors that influence language development of digital native. It is different with digital immigrant that not too familiar with technology.

According to Marc Prensky (2001), digital immigrants are those of us who were not born into the digital world. They cannot learn to use technology effectively and efficiently, but they will always have an „accent‟ (Prensky, 2011) as they learn the language of technology. It is the reason why digital immigrants quite different with digital native. The differences between digital immigrant and digital native can be seen in their language use.

In the statement before said that digital native‟s language is influenced by technology development. It means that when they find out new words from the technology they use, they will use it in their daily activity. It is suitable with their characteristic that is easy to accept new transformation in their life including language or new words. The new words that they use such as, cemungud (keep spirit), ciyus (serious), miapah (what for), eah (yes), vuk (fuck) etc. In fact, digital immigrants never use those words. It is because digital immigrant‟s language development is not influenced by technology development. Those words like cemungud in digital immigrant as semangat, ciyus as serius, miapah as demi apa, eah as iya and vuk as fuck, but the digital immigrant use this word rarely.

Their language differences observably in their status updates on facebook. Facebook is one of social networking that helps every people to communicate more efficient and easy with their family and their friends. Based on Anne and Lary in A

3

Parent‟s guide of facebook (2012:12), there are two pages on facebook, that are home and profile in the upper right corner of any facebook page. Profile is more about what people see of you and home about what you see of others on facebook. Digital natives usually use facebook to express their feelings in a sentence form; they usually use words that never be used by digital immigrant in their sentences. On the contrary the digital immigrants almost use common words in their sentences on their facebook status update. Sometimes the digital immigrant cannot understand the meaning of digital natives‟ status updates on facebook. It is because the digital native‟s sentence with their new words is hard to comprehend. This condition causes many misunderstanding between digital immigrant and digital native so the perception will appear.

Perception is the process of organizing and interpreting information received from outside world (Lahey, 2004: 114). According to Rakhmat, (2001:51) perception can be obtained by inferring information and interpret the message. There are two types of perception: positive and negative perception. Positive perception can be said as a good perception and negative perception is a bad perception. Rahmat (2001) states there are two factors that influence perception. First is personal factor or internal factor comes from two sources; physical and psychological. The second one is situational factor/external factor are stimulus and environment factors where perception is continuous.

The above description is a theoretical consideration about digital native vs digital immigrant, facebook, and perception. The following discussion will be about

4

the some previous studies about perception and facebook conducted by Rahayu (2012), Indriawati (2011), and Ni‟mah (2012).

A research conducted by Rahayu (2012) “Digital Natives‟ Perception toward the Mobile Phone Roles in School at SMK Muhammadiyah 2 Malang” reveals that the digital native needs mobile phone in school during the class to help them knowing something about the lesson that they did not know before by searching in internet. It is showed that digital natives are familiar with technology. They cannot be separated with the technology.

Indriawati (2011) investigated about colloquial language found on English writing update status on facebook focused on what are colloquial words found on English writing updates status of facebookers and what are technical terms used to form the words based on word formation process. This research reveals that there were 90 colloquial words. There were 43 colloquial words based on the theory word formation process and 47 colloquial words did not belong to the theory found on Engling writing updates status facebook in internet www.facebook.com. There were 8 technical terms used based on theory word formation process to form the colloquial words.

Ni‟mah (2012) investigated about the word formation of the alay language in status update on facebook, describes the word formation of the alay language used by facebookers and give the meaning of the alay word in Indonesia. This research reveals that there are 90 alay words found. There are 35 alay words which conform the theory of the word formation such us clipping, blending, and multiple process, 33

5

alay words do not conform the theory word formation and 22 alay words are called conversion. These research studies show that the language use on facebook is important to be discussed because many facebookers often use language out of the theory of word formation.

Based on the explanation above, it is clear that it is important to investigate the language used on facebook status update because no one has investigated this topic. Moreover, the researcher wants to know the perception of the digital immigrants toward language of digital natives‟ status updates on facebook, especially the perception of English Department lecturers as digital immigrants. The researcher assumed that language lecturers would give negative perception toward the language of digital natives‟ status updates on facebook because this language is out of Indonesia standart language and the digital native‟s status update is sometimes hard to be understood by the digital immigrants. It is of the researcher‟s interest to analyze what the English Department lecturers as digital immigrants‟ perceptions are toward the language of digital natives‟ status updates on facebook.

1.2Statement of the Problem

What are English department lectures at University of Muhammadiyah Malang as digital immigrants‟ perception toward the language of digital natives‟ status updates on facebook?

1.3Purpose of the Research

6

To know English department lectures at University of Muhammadiyah Malang as digital immigrants‟ perception toward the language of digital natives‟ status updates on facebook.

1.4Significant of the Research

After this research has been completed, theoretically the researcher attempts to provide a real description about the digital immigrants‟ perception toward the facebook status updates of digital natives. Practically, it helps the digital immigrant more understand about the digital native.

1.5Scope and Limitation

The scope of this research focused on language of digital natives‟ status updates on facebook. The researcher limits the research on digital immigrants‟ perception toward the language of digital natives‟ status updates on facebook.

1.6 Definition of Key Terms

1. Digital Immigrant : someone who was not raised in a digital environment but still uses and adopts many aspects of technology (Prensky, 2001a). 2. Digital Native : those born roughly between 1980 and 1994.

(Bennett, Maton and Kervin, 2008)

3. Facebook : one of social networking that helps every people to communicate more efficient and easy with their family and their friends (Ilmimaghfiroh, 2012).

7

4. Facebook Status Update : one of features that is always used by every user to share their direct activity that they do, share their feeling and other friends could give the direct comments, choose like sign or symbol to show that the reader interested in the status (Ilmimaghfaroh, 2012).

5. Perception : perception is an active process of creating meaning by selecting, organizing and interpreting people, objects, events, situation and activities (Wood, 2002:89).