Akaah, I.P. and Lund, D. (1994), “The influence of personal and organizational values on

68 Akaah, I.P. and Lund, D. (1994), “The influence of personal and organizational values on

marketing professionals’ ethical behavior”, Journal of Business Ethics, Vol. 13, pp. 417-30. Baehr, M.E., Jones, J.W. and Nerad, A.J. (1993), “Psychological correlates of business ethics

orientation in executives”, Journal of Business and Psychology, Vol. 7, pp. 291-308. Baker, E.M. and Schuck, J.R. (1975), “Use of signal detection theory to clarify problems of

evaluating performance in industry”, Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, Vol. 13, pp. 307-17.

Baron, R.M. and Kenny, D.A. (1986), “The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic and statistical considerations”, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol. 51, pp. 1173-82.

Baumhart, R.C. (1961), “How ethical are businessmen?”, Harvard Business Review, Vol. 39, pp. 6-9. Berkowitz, L. and Donnerstein, E. (1982), “External validity is more than skin deep: some

answers to criticisms of laboratory experiments”, American Psychologist, Vol. 61, pp. 441-5. Bernardin, H.J. and Beatty, R.W. (1984), Performance Appraisal: Assessing Human Behavior at

Work, Kent Publishing Co., Boston, MA. Bernardin, H.J. and Buckley, M.R. (1981), “Strategies in rater training”, Academy of Management

Review, Vol. 6, pp. 205-12. Borman, W.C. (1977), “Consistency of rating accuracy and rating error in the judgment of human

performance”, Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, Vol. 20, pp. 238-52. Borman, W.C. and Hallam, G.L. (1991), “Observation accuracy for assessors of work-sample

performance: consistency across task and individual-differences correlates”, Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 76, pp. 11-18.

Borman, W.C., Buck, D., Hanson, M.A., Motowidlo, S.J., Stark, S. and Drasgow, F. (2001), “An examination of the comparative reliability, validity, and accuracy of performance ratings made using computerized adaptive rating scales”, Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 86, pp. 965-73.

Brady, F.N. (1990), Ethical Managing: Rules and Results, Macmillan, New York, NY. Brenner, S.N. and Molander, E. (1977), “Is the ethics of business changing?”, Harvard Business

Review, Vol. 55, pp. 57-71. Brett, J.E. and Atwater, L.E. (2002), “360 degree feedback: accuracy, reaction, and perception of

usefulness”, Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 86 No. 5, pp. 930-42. Brief, A.P., Dukerick, J.M., Brown, P.K. and Brett, J.F. (1996), “What’s wrong with the treadway

commission report? Experimental analyses of the effects of personal values and codes of conduct on fraudulent financial reporting”, Journal of Business Ethics, Vol. 15, pp. 183-8.

Buckley, R.M. (2001), “Ethical issues in human resource systems”, Human Resources

Management Review, Vol. 11 Nos 1/2. Bush, R.P., Bush, A.J., Ortinau, D.J. and Hair, J.F. (1990), “Developing a behavior-based scale to

assess retail salesperson performance”, Journal of Retailing, Vol. 66 No. 1, pp. 119-36. Cardy, R.L. (1991), “The applied value of laboratory research”, Management Communication

Quarterly, Vol. 5, pp. 111-9.

Cardy, R.L. and Dobbins, G.H. (1994), Performance Appraisal: A Consideration of Alternative Assessing ethical

Perspectives, South-Western, Cincinnati, OH.

behavior

Cardy, R.L. and Kehoe, J.F. (1984), “Rater selective attention ability and appraisal effectiveness: the effect of a cognitive style on the accuracy of differentiation among ratees”, Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 69, pp. 589-94.

Cardy, R.L. and Selvarajan, T.T. (2004), “Assessing ethical behavior: development of a behaviorally anchored rating scale”, Proceedings of the Southwest Academy of

Management Meeting, Orlando, March, 2004. Cardy, R.L., Anderson, J.S. and Evans, K.R. (1991), “Judging performance: the impact of

behaviors, outcomes and trait inferences”, paper presented at the 1991 Annual Conference of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology.

Cleveland, J.N. (1991), “Using hypothetical and actual applicants in assessing person-organization fit: a methodological note”, Journal of Applied Social Psychology, Vol. 21, pp. 1004-11.

Chi, T. and Fan, D. (1997), “Cognitive limitations and investment ‘myopia’”, Decision Sciences, Vol. 28 No. 1.

Daniel, L.G., Elliott-Howard, F.E. and Dufrene, D.D. (1997), “The ethical issues rating scale: an instrument for measuring ethical orientation of college students toward various business practices”, Educational and Psychological Measurement, Vol. 57 No. 3, pp. 515-26.

DeNisi, A.C. and Stevens, G.E. (1981), “Profiles of performance, performance evaluations and personnel decisions”, Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 24, pp. 592-602.

Doerr, K.H. and Mitchell, T.R. (1998), “The consequences of role-conferred bias and base-rate neglect”, Decision Sciences, Vol. 29 No. 2.

Ethics Resource Center (2000), 2000 National Business Ethics Survey, available at: www.ethics. org

Ethics Resource Center (2003), 2003 National Business Ethics Survey, available at: www.ethics. org

Froelich, K.S. and Kottke, J.L. (1991), “Measuring individual beliefs about organizational ethics”, Educational and Psychological Measurement, pp. 377-83.

Gatewood, R. and Carroll, A.B. (1991), “Assessment of ethical performance of organization members: a conceptual framework”, Academy of Management Review, Vol. 16 No. 4, pp. 667-90.

Goldberg, L.R. (1990), “An alternative ‘description of personality’: the big-five structure”, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol. 59, pp. 1216-29.

Goldberg, L.R. (1992), “The development of markers of the big-five factor structure”, Psychological Assessment, Vol. 4, pp. 26-42.

Gordon, M.E. (1970), “The effect of correctness of the behavior observed on the accuracy of ratings”, Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, Vol. 5, pp. 366-77.

Hoffman, C., Mischel, W. and Mazze, K. (1981), “The role of purpose in the organization of information about behavior. Trait-based versus goal-based categories in human cognition”, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol. 39, pp. 211-25.

Jelley, R.B. and Goffin, R.D. (2001), “Effects of rater priming and rating scale format on rating accuracy”, Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 86, pp. 134-44.

Krzystofiak, F.J. and Cardy, R.L. (1987), “Innocent until proven guilty: the underlying cause of differential accuracy phenomenon?”, paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Academy of Management, New Orleans, LA.

JMP

Krzystofiak, F., Cardy, R.L. and Newman, J. (1988), “Implicit personality and performance

21,1 appraisal: the influence of trait inferences on evaluations of behavior”, Journal of Applied

Psychology, Vol. 73, pp. 515-21. Landy, F.J. and Farr, J.L. (1980), “Performance ratings”, Psychological Bulletin, Vol. 87, pp. 72-107.

Lee, J.E. (1988), “The effects of cognitive style on rating accuracy with an overall rating scale”,

Human Performance, Vol. 1, pp. 261-71.