Income security and return to employment for the working-age population

24 Viet Nam-EES Paper N 32.doc + 5 : ,,- ,,7 ,,8 ,,9 ,,2 , , , , , , + , - , 7 , 8 , 9 , 2 ,, 8 2 9 - , 2 8 , 2 9 , 2 2 9 9 9 9 9 2 General administrative services 2.2 1.9 2.8 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 Economic services 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.4

1.5 1.6

1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 Social services 7.3 8.0 8.0 7.7 8.4 8.5 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.7 Education 2.6 3.1 3.1 2.9 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 Training 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 Health 0.9 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 Science and technology 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 Culture and information 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Radio and TV 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Sport 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Population and family planning 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Social subsidies 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 Defence 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 Security

0.9 1.0

1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 Salary reform 1.5 1.7 1.9 1.5 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 Others 1.8 1.5 1.7 2.1 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 Oil subsidies 1.3 1.0 0.9 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 Other 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 Interest payments paid , 9 , 9 + - 8 7 - - + + - - - Capital expenditure 2 + 2 2 9 , , 2 2 , 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 , 7 9 7 8 7 7 Off budget investment expenditure 9 - 2 + - 9 8 7 7 7 - - - + + Bond financed expenditure 1.2 0.9 1.5 1.8 2.8 2.8 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 Education bonds 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Infrastructure bonds 0.8 0.7 1.2 1.5 2.2 2.3 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 Reform bonds 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Municipal bonds 0.3 0.2

0.3 0.4

0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 On lending 2.0 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.5 1.6 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 Interest subsidy scheme 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 , - 9 2 , - 8 + 7 8 2 8 7 - + , , 9 General government fiscal balance 3.3 0.2 2.5 1.2 9.0 6.4 3.9 3.8 3.6 3.3 3.0 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 Total public debt as percentage of GDP 41.2 41.8 44.6 42.9 51.2 52.8 51.5 51.0 50.1 49.1 47.9 46.7 45.6 44.6 43.5 42.7 Sources: IMF Statistical Annex for 2005–2007 structure of expenditure and Article IV Consultation updated Mar.2011 for 2006–2015; and estimates based on average from 2016 to 2020 total expenditures as a percentage of GDP; ILO estimates based on average from 2016 to 2020.