f. Advising
gives someone a recommendation about what should be
done, for example : “Good, here’s the deal.” The words good shows
the act advising. g.
Suggesting in the directive sense, to suggest is just to make a weak
attempt to get someone to do something, for example: “How if you
put the quiz coupon in an empty space?”. The phrase how if shows
the act of suggesting.
2.6 Directive Illocutionary Act in Translation
Directive illocutionary in translation is attempted by the speakers to get the hearers to do something, but both speakers and hearers use different
languages. It comprises orders, warning, as well as certain kinds of advice and pleas. The implications of speaker desire and of intended hearer inducement
are both present. According to Vanderveken 1990:189, “the illocutionary point of
directive illocutionary acts, consists of making efforts to get the hearer to do the speaker’s intention”. There are functions of directive speech acts such as
ordering, requesting, suggesting, asking, forbidding, commanding, and advising.
Meaning in Language suggests that there are several functions of Directives, i.e. ordering, commanding, requesting, begging, beseeching,
advising, warning, recommending, asking, and so forth. There are several
other functions of directive speech acts, i.e. inviting, forbidding, allowing, permitting, encouraging, soliciting, insisting Cruse, 2000:342.
2.7 Novel
Novel is long narrative text information that includes some figures and fiction event. The intrinsic elements of novel are plot, setting characterization,
point of view, and theme. According to Kenney 1966:27, “Novels are generally thought of as containing about forty-five thousand words or more”.
It means that it is to be read at a long time. A novel with all of its characteristics can be very enjoyable means of
studying speech acts. This mainly because mostly we can find conversations between the characters in the novel. The researcher also has to see the
meaning of the utterances. There are many types of novel Peck,1993 : romance, realism, science,
fiction, education, and comics novel. The novel can be categorized into realism novel. Realistic novels are like looking glasses through which the
reader sees an ordinary world operate Peck, 1993. Skipping Christmas novel can be categorized realism novel because the only interest is in the characters
as they work through the plot. The stories are ones removed from sociological observations, but with the freedom given to the writer to make it up, but the
writer is constrained by the ordinary four dimensional universes except with the ability to truncate time and move across space in the narration: the
characters themselves have to obey normal physical laws.
Also the good order of a realistic novel clashes with the disorder of society; the novelist should face the same dilemmas as the social anthropologist who
also faces the problem of the device that turns complexity into a readable account.
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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
