THE Sociopath analysis of joshua's characterizations on joshua film

1

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for The Degree of Strata 1 (S1)

PRAPDITA HARY MURTI NIM: 203026002137

ENGLISH LETTERS DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF ADAB AND HUMANITIES STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH

JAKARTA 2009

APPROVEMENT

THE SOCIOPATH ANALYSIS OF JOSHUA’S CHARACTERIZATIONS ONJOSHUAFILM A THESIS

Submitted to Letters and Humanities Faculty In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for

The Degree of Strata 1 (S1)

Prapdita Hary Murti NIM. 203026002137

Approved By:

Moh. Supardi, M. Hum Supervisor

ENGLISH LETTER DEPARTMENT LETTERS AND HUMANITIES FACULTY STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH

JAKARTA 2009

LEGALIZATION

The thesis entitled “The Sociopath Analysis of Joshua’s Characterizations on Joshua Film” was examined by examination board of Faculty of Adab and Humanities, State Islamic University Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta on October 12, 2009. The thesis has been accepted as a partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Strata 1 (S1).

Jakarta, October 12, 2009 Examination Committee

Chief, Secretary,

Dr. H. M. Farkhan, M. Pd Drs. A. Saefuddin, M. Pd

NIP. 150.299.480 NIP. 150.260.902

Members:

Examiner 1: Examiner 2:

Drs. A. Saefuddin, M. Pd Inayatul Chusna, M. Hum

DECLARATION

I hereby declare that this submission is my own work and that, to the best of my knowledge and belief, it contains no material previously published or written by another person nor material which to a substantial extent has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma of the university or other institute of higher learning, except where due acknowledgment has been made in the text.

Jakarta, October 12, 2009

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

In the name of Allah, the most gracious, merciful,praise and gratitude be to Allah for giving the writer ability and health to finish this paper. Blessing is upon our prophet Muhammad SAW, his descendent and his followers.

This paper presented to the English Letter Department Faculty of Adab and Humanities Syarif Hidayatullah, State Islamic University Jakarta as a partial of requirements for the Degree of Strata 1. This work could not be completed without a great deal of help from many people, especially Mr. Moh. Supardi, M. Hum, an advisor who always guides and supports the writer until this paper finished. Without his guidance, this paper is never completed.

The writer also would like to express the deepest gratitude to those who helped him finishing this paper, namely:

1. Dr. H. Abdul Chair, M.A. a Dean of Adab and Humanities Faculty. 2. Dr. M. Farkhan, M.Pd. the Head of English Letter Department.

3. Drs. Asep Saefuddin, M.Pd. the secretary of English Letter Department.

4. All the lectures of English Letter Department who have taught and educated me during my study.

5. My beloved parents: Mother, Father and my sister that have given me spiritual support and financial during the time of study and the process of making the paper.

7. All friends at English Letter Department, especially to Siswanto, Wawan, Sarah, Ajeng, Teh May, Iway, Yamin, Ulul, Aka, Yuyun, Rio, Ikmal, Elyas, Sudrajat, Angga, and those who cannot be mentioned one by one.

May Allah blesses, protects and guides them. The writer assumes that this work is far from perfection. In any case, it is able to be a reference of some literary interpretation. Therefore, various critics and suggestion are needed to make it better than before.

Jakarta, October 12, 2009

ABSTRACT

Prapdita Hary Murti. The Sociopath Analysis of Joshua’s Characterizations on Joshua Film. Faculty of Adab and Humanities, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta, 2009.

This research is aimed at finding the sociopath characterizations on the main character of Joshua. The writer studied the Joshua film as a unit analysis and used psychology theory as the theoretical framework of the research. Joshua, who frames the film with his criminal behavior, has made the writer interest to analyze his character deviation. The writer hopes that his analysis of Joshua’s character can help and give more information to anyone who is interested with sociopath deviation.

To analyze the data, the writer uses the qualitative – descriptive method by watching the movie, quotes the dialogues, reading, identifying, and classifying the information related to Joshua’s characters and psychology. The research is performed in several phases. The writer also collects the data from many sources such as book, internet and the others that are related to the research, presenting the data description, analyzing the problem and then making the conclusion.

Joshua Cairn was particularly reflected his struggle in fulfilling his own needs and desires to serve himself. He started to play some tricks to eliminate people surround him included his family members. His actions that typically showing sociopath deviations were become more skilled in manipulate people.

As the result of the analysis, the writer concludes that there are many deviations of Joshua’s characterizations that can be analyzed by the theory of psychology, especially in sociopath field.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

APPROVEMENT ... i

LEGALIZATION ... ii

DECLARATION ... iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ... iv

ABSTRACT... vi

TABLE OF CONTENT ... vii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ... 1

A. Background of the Study ... 1

B. Focus of the Study ... 3

C. Research Questions ... 3

D. Significance of the Research ... 4

E. Methodology of Research ... 4

1. The Objective of the Study ... 4

2. Method of the Research ... 4

3. Technique of Data Analysis ... 5

4. Research Instrument ... 5

5. Unit of Analysis Data ... 5

6. Place and time ... 5

CHAPTER II THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK ... 6

A. Abnormal Psychology ... 7

1. Definition of Abnormal ...………... 7

2. Sociopath ………...…… 7

a. Common Sociopath……….. 8

c. Aggressive Sociopath ………. 9

d. Dissocial Sociopath ………. 9

B. Character and Characterization ... 10

1. The Definitions of Character and Characterization ... 10

a. Major Character ……..………. 11

b. Minor Character ………... 11

CHAPTER III RESEARCH FINDING ... 12

A. Data Description ... 12

B. Data Analysis ... 19

1. Joshua’s Characters ... 19

a. High Intelligent ……….... 20

b. Talking-well and Clear-headed ……… 22

c. Callousness and Lack of Remorse ………... 24

d. Bully and Tyrannize ………. 26

e. Serving Themselves ………. 26

2. Joshua’s Sociopath ... 28

a. Manipulate Other ………. 28

b. Lying All The Time ………...…….. 32

c. Denying his involvements ………... 33

d. Brilliant to Changing The Subject ………... 34

e. Trying to Make People Seem Crazy ……….... 36

CHAPTER IV CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS ... 40

A. Conclusions ... 40

B. Suggestions ... 41

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A. Background of Study

Films are cultural artifacts, created by specific cultures that reflect those cultures, and in turn, affect them. Film also begins from a scenario. Film relates with literature, because, literature is a creative activity of an art.

Film itself has many explanations. It depends upon from point of view of someone. Film is an artwork for the film lovers, such as the combination of moving picture.Film, as a product of director’s minds, indirectly caninfluences to the audiences about what they imagine from the film they watched. For the directors, film is something that they have to visualize, as a description of a story, based on a certain idea, or has adaptation from a short story, a true story, drama’s manuscript, and novel.

There are many films that can be analyzed by psychological approach, but in this opportunity the writer is going to analyze a film entitled “Joshua”. The film shows the personality deviation on main character behaviors and actions. Joshua was a psychological thriller film about an affluent young Manhattan family. The movie centers on the lives of Brad and Abby Cairn. They were living in a nice apartment with their son, Joshua, and a Brad’s lovely dog. Brad was a Christian affluent young who worked as a stockbroker. His wife, Abby, was a

Jewish housewife. She was also a temperamental and obstinate mother. She had a nervous breakdown that made her easy to be hysterical and depression. She consumed the depression medicines everyday with high dose to treat her illness. She did not give any belief for everyone to caring her children although to her mother-in-law, Hazel. So that, she often fought about care the children with Hazel, especially about religious.

Joshua was a frighteningly high intelligent child for such a degree that he thought and acted decades ahead of his age. He liked reading the science books, and playing piano. He always wore in formal cloth and demonstrating unlimited brilliance as a pianist. He often played piano together with his uncle. Joshua considered his gay uncle as his close friend. Firstly, Joshua was a nice child. But he was going to change after his little sister birth, Lily, particularly when Abby brought Lily home from the hospital and unwisely alienate him. He became a quite child, full of charming, and often gave a lot of odd questions to his parents. He became closer with his uncle, but distanced himself from his immediate kin. As the day passed, one at the time, the mood at the house regressed from healthy and happiness became strange, unsettled, and disorienting, meanwhile, the bizarre events transpired. When the Lily’s whines drove Abby who already strained to the point of nervous breakdown, Joshua devolved from eccentric to downright abnormal behavior. He started to make a game and planned to eliminate his family. Eventually, family members also began to suffer tragic fates.

Lily’s born had changed Joshua’s personality. His goal to live together with his uncle, Ned, had made him became more aggressive to hurt his family and

relatives. He mixed his intelligent to purpose his goal and created some tricks to hurt them.

Based on the statement above, the writer is interested in analyzing about the psychological aspect that happened to the personality of Joshua. Such as Bully and Tyrannize, but the writer will give the further analysis about it in chapter three

B. Focus of the Research

This paper focuses on the analysis of Joshua character as the main character that suffers from psychological disturbance in the movie (Joshua).

C. Research Question

Relating to the limitation of problem above, the questions can be formulated as follows:

1. What are the characteristics of Joshua onJoshuafilm?

2. Are there any personality deviations of Joshua and what causes the deviation?

D. Significance of the Research

Through this research the writer expects, this research can give the awareness readers and audiences, in order not to see the film only from

entertainments view, but rather to see the formof the main character’s personality and its ideas that gives the positive meaning. This research also expects can be drawn the enthusiasm of other researchers and readers who want to analyze and perform the same research at film main character. The result of the research hopefully will be useful for the process of learning English literature.

E. Methodology of Research

1. The Objective of The Study

The objectives of this research are to know about the psychological characteristic and personality deviation of Joshua.

2. Method of The Research

To analyze the data, the writer uses the descriptive – qualitative method. First, the writer watches the movie over and over again. Second, the writer quotes the dialogues that have sociopath deviation in direction. Third, the writer put them together in order.

3. Technique of Analysis Data

The data will be analyzed by using the psychological approach. First, the writer gives description about the film; and the second, the writer began to analyze the psychological problem of the main character through psychological approach.

4. Research Instrument

In collecting data, the writer uses himself as the instrument who tries to analyze accurately the phenomena relating with the research question reveals in this research, by watching the movie, reading, identifying, and classifying the information related to Joshua character and psychology.

5. Unit of Analysis Data

The unit that is analyzed in this research is “Joshua”film, which directed by George Ratliff in 2007.

6. Place and Time

The writer is begun this research at seventh semester of academic years 2007 – 2009, at the Department of English Letters, the Faculty of Adab and Humanities, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta. And others libraries located in Jakarta.

CHAPTER II

THEORETICHAL FRAMEWORK

Psychology has always been a popular topic within the movies; however, there has been concern raised within the discipline that its portrayal in general along with that of psychologists and psychological disorders has been far from accurate on the whole. Psychologically minded investigator can approach movie. From one direction, film is a representational medium that is capable symbolizing an enormous range of human actions using such cinematic or narrative devices as character, action, plot, them, editing, etc. The actions in the film are the analyzable from the perspective of variety of psychological theories.

Psychology is a study of behavior. According to Dr. Sarlito Sarwono, psychology is a science that learns about human behavior in relationship of the environment1. Psychology also refers to the application of such knowledge to various areas of human activity including the issues that related to daily life. Everyone certainly has an uniqueness or specific characteristic that would be coloring the interesting about reality, because everyone has different experiences at the process of growth. The descendant factor can also caused someone does not have love feeling. A mother is an influential figure within her child character development too. If a mother has personality deviation too, so there is no place for a child to learn the meaning of love and affection.

1

Sarlito Wirawan Sarwono,Pengantar Umum Psychology. (Jakarta: Bulan Bintang, 1976), p. 5 6

A. Abnormal Psychology

1. Definition of abnormal

In Sarlito’s book Pengantar Umum Psikologi explained that abnormal psychology is the scientific study of abnormal behavior in order to describe, predict, explain, and change abnormal patterns of functioning2. Abnormal psychology studies the nature of psychopathology, its causes and treatments in clinical psychology. Abnormality is those behaviors or thought processes which are commonly agreed to be bizarre, unusual or odd. Any kind of behavior could be classification as abnormal. Some abnormal behaviors have acute and temporary nature that caused by some phenomenon which full of stress, other abnormal behaviors have chronic and forever nature.

2. Sociopath

Society has norms for appropriate conduct. Sociopath is chiefly characterized by something wrong with the person’s conscience3. Sociopath is similar with psychopath. But all sociopaths are psychopathic, while not all psychopaths are sociopathic. The sociopaths only care about fulfilling their own needs and desires - selfishness and egocentricity to the extreme4. One of the most striking characteristics of the sociopaths typical is their charm. They are talking

2

Wikipedia,Abnormal Psychology. Accessed on October 2, 2007. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abnormal_psychology. p. 2

3

T. O’Connor,Antisocial Personality, Sociopathy, And Psychopathy. Accessed on September 24, 2007. http://www.apsu.edu/oconnort/crim/crimtheory08.htm. p. 5

4

well, give the impression of being alert and clear-headed, know how to employ their skills to manipulate other people, and how to ingratiate themselves by entertaining people with exciting accounts of their exploits. There are three main indicators of sociopath, they are, cruelty toward the animals, fire setting, and longer than normal bedwetting.

Dr. Robert D. Hare who has made extensive studies of people with psychopathic personalities told that the sociopaths arelying all the time and they do not see this behavior as a wrong. Their quest is only toserve themselves, and if need to lying, cheating, or even murder, they will do so. The sociopaths are brilliant to changing the subjectwhen people catch them in lies,placing the onus on the people, anddenying their involvementor eventrying to make people seem crazy. They may seem laugh or cry but they present with no depth of emotions. The sociopaths are more spontaneously and disorganized act out in doing the crimes. So that, they are easier to catch but they are more apt to leave the ample evidence in their explosions of violence. There are four subtypes of sociopaths:

a. Common sociopath

The common sociopaths are more likely the feral sociopath that grown up, taking pleasure, and gratifying impulse at each opportunity or temptation. They especially enjoy and feel pride in breaking the rules. As teenagers, they often runaways from home. While as adult, they often living in the shelters, geographically mobile, and taking the advantage of welfare systems.

b. Alienated sociopath

An alienated sociopath never developed the ability to empathize, love, chronic complainer, and affiliate in real life with another person. They also live in a shell and callous attitude toward the human suffering or social problems. They may hate animals and leave out their emotional life by watching television.

c. Aggressive sociopath

An aggressive sociopath is really like to hurt, frighten, tyrannize, bully, and even manipulate others. They do any hurt just for a sense of power and control, or often onlydrop the subtle hints about what they are up to. They polish their aggression and domineering manner to disguise any intimidation at others that feel. They also like tohuntordo the sadistic thingslike find a stray dogand cut it up. This subtype does not follow the social norms of reciprocities like people do.

d. Dissocial sociopath

Dissocial sociopath identifies and holds an allegiance with a dissocial, outcast, and predatory subculture. They are capable of intense loyalty, a feeling of guilt and shame, within such limited circles. They seem to continually fall upon the bad luck and bad companions, however. While they will constantly complain that none of this is their fault, behind it all is a kind of self-defeating mechanism in the poor choices they made themselves.

InEphraim Rosen’s book,abnormal psychology second editionexplained that the causes of sociopath are the genetic factor and environment.A child that lives in a family that one of his or her parents has a tendency of mental illness is easier to get this disorder. But a sociopath can be also born into a normal and loving family. They are also the products of parental neglect, fatherless homes, and illegitimacy. The father absence produces many consequences to the symptoms of sociopath.However, a large number of delinquents and sociopaths do not come from institutions or broken homes but from homes that are physically intact but emotionally disturbed5. At a deeper level, overindulgence may be a manifestation by a parent who does not care enough to control the child, or a reaction formation to ward off the guilt that would be aroused by conscious recognition of hostility and feelings of rejection toward the child6.

B. Character and Characterization.

1) The definitions of character and characterization

Characterization is the process that the director reveals personality of a character. Character can be defined as people created by a playwright, and imagined by the audiences. They must fiction and non-fiction. The characters usually presented by description and through their actions; speech, and thoughts.

5

Ephraim Rosen, Ronald E. Fox, et al., Abnormal Psychology Second Edition, (Philadelphia, London, and Toronto: W. B. Saunders Company, 1972), p. 265

6

A well-developed character is one that has been thoroughly characterized, with many traits shown in the narrative7. Character development is very important in character-driven literature, where stories focus not on events, but on individual personalities8.

There are some characters that viewed from the role aspect and the importance level of a characters in a story, they are:

a. Major characters

Round character is a character with complex and many-sided moral qualities and personal traits. Round characters can be classified into two kinds of characters, protagonist and antagonist. Protagonist is the central character in the story, whereas, antagonist is the force in the story that is a conflict with protagonist.

b. Minor characters

A flat character is a minor character in a work of fiction who does not undergo substantial change or growth in the course of a story9. Flat character has only one or two distinguishing moral qualities or personal traits. The characters play a supporting role to the major or main character that, as a rule should be round.

7

Wikipedia,Characterisation. Accessed on July 25, 2007. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Characterisation. p. 1

8

Ibid

9

Ginny Wiehardt,flat character. Accessed on January 21, 2009. http://fictionwriting.about.com/od/glossary/9/flatcharacters.htm. p. 1

CHAPTER III

RESEARCH FINDING

A. Data Description

In this chapter the writer wants to divide the discussion of Joshua characteristic in two kinds of analysis. First the writer wants to analyze the characteristics and personality deviations of Joshua from the dialogues. The writer will use the general psychology theory to analyze the characters psychology of Joshua.

These are the data that the writer is going to use:

No Corpus Explanation Capture

Characteristic Sociopath

1. Joshua : Is that hurt, Mommy? 00:05:10

2. Brad : Joshua, he’s, uh… How smart is he?

Danforth : Well, this might be getting ahead of ourselves, but we think Joshua might benefit by skipping a grade, maybe two.

High Intelligent

00:15:20

3. Joshua : In Egypt, when they embalmed people, like Pharaohs, they broken the nose and removed the brain through the opening.They drained the body of all its fluid on a special stone slab.This guarantees him a

High Intelligent

00:29:53

glorious afterlife. (Humming…) They chanted something, too, but I’m making that part up. 4. Joshua: Seth. He’s the god of

chaos.

Hazel : Seth? That’s the name of the god of chaos? Pity those heathens.

Joshua : Seth cut Osirus into fourteen pieces.

Hazel : Bad Seth…

Joshua : But Seth is also good. Without Seth, there is no order. Because Seth is the only one who can battle the evil serpent, Apep. Apep is all bad. Pure darkness. He eats his own screams. That’s his only nourishment. …If Apep swallowed you, you become nothing. A nonbeing. Till the end of existence, you’d remain in Apep’s guts, slowly digested for all of eternity. And nobody would care ‘cause nobody would realize you were missing.

High Intelligent

01:11:45

5. Joshua : You know someone died in this apartment?

Brad : I-I-I… I’m pretty sure that’s not true.

Joshua : If you think about it, someone has died, on pretty much every inch of this planet. You know, dig down anywhere, and you’ll find bones.

Abby : (Abby laughs) I don’t know. I think you…

We would probably know if someone was killed here. Joshua: I didn’t say killed. Why do

you think killed?

Do you have the sense, too?

Brad : Nobody died here, man.

00:30:16

about me? Your weird son?

Brad : No. No, no, no, no, not at all. Not at all.

Joshua : You know that magic trick where the magician puts the person in the box and spins the box and makes the person disappear? I know how that trick is done. If you look carefully, you can tell.

Brad : Well, you know, hey, maybe magic is your thing. We could take you to a magic store. Get you some tricks.

Joshua : You know, you don’t have to love me. That’s not like a rule or something.

Brad : But I do love you. You’re my boy. I’ll always love you, no matter what. Okay?

and clear-headed

7. Hazel : Joshua! Joshua! JOSHUA!!! What were you doing?!

Joshua : Where were you? Hazel : Where were you?!

Callouness and Lack of

remorse

01:30:25

8. Old man : Can you help me out, little man? Just something, anything. I’m no chooser here. Joshua : I’ll give you five dollars if I can throw a rock at you.

Bully and Tyrannize

00:57:16

9. You know they didn’t ever have to love me.

No, no, no.

And no one will ever love them now.

But they always wanted that somehow to save me. Why oh why?

For pity’s sake they should have saved themselves.

But you, you always said I never

Serving themselves

missed a note.

And nobody ever knew me like I do.

You always said it was gonna be okay.

I only ever really wanted to be with you.

10. Joshua :Dad, is Mommy alright? Brad : Yeah, yeah. She’s just

tired, pal. Why do you ask?

Joshua : Nothing. Lily asleep? Brad : Yeah, I got her to fall

asleep. Pretty good, huh? Joshua : You’re better at it than

Mommy.

Brad : (laughs) I’m not sure about that.

Joshua : You are. Really.

Manipulate other

01:25:46

11. Joshua : Are we save, Mommy? Abby : Well, what do you mean? Joshua : Does Daddy love me? Abby : Of course he loves you.

Yes, he loves you very, very much. Yeah.

Joshua : But not like a Mommy

Manipulate other

00:59:45

12. Betsy : Yeah. Maybe you could show me your room. I hear you have a guinea pig. I love guinea pigs.

Joshua : My guinea pig? Okay. Do you like draw?

Betsy : Oh, I love drawing.

Diverts the topic

01:20:00

13. Brad : Do you see…? This…this is off. Something is wrong here. This has got to be the sign of some kind of… sociopath.

Betsy : No, no, no, Mr. Cairn. That’s…that’s not it. This picture is a textbook example of abuse. Okay? That boy is being abused… Brad : No, no, no, no, no, no. Let

me tell you what you’re dealing with here.

Betsy: I don’t care…

Brad : …he probably researched

Manipulate Other

it. He probably looked it up on the computer. He probably knew exactly what to draw.

Betsy: This is abuse I’m talking about right here. Do you understand what I’m saying? Brad : What are you…? Nobody’s beating him. I’m not…he probably…

Betsy : Why are you being so defensive? I’m just pointing out the fact that your son has been abused.

Brad : I’m not being…

14. Chester : …Uh over thirty eyewitnesses, your boy tells the cops he’s been being abused since his sister was born, bruises all over his body, a sheaf of Joshua’s drawing that have the authorities drooling…

Brad : Chester, goddamn it, it isn’t the whole story, okay? I’m trying to tell I have to get out of here now.

Chester : They say you were tampering with Abby’s medication.

Brad : What? That’s – that’s insane.

Lying all the time

01:40:30

15. Joshua : Daddy? Do you like my house? I made it last night. Brad : I know what you’re

doing, Josh. I don’t know ‘why’ you’re doing it, but I’m on to you.

Joshua : They’re just blocks, Daddy.

Brad : You’re not going to hurt anybody else.

Joshua : Are you made at me? Do you still love me, Daddy? Brad : I think you’re sick, Josh. Joshua : I don’t feel sick. Not at

Denying his involvements

all.

Brad : why are you doing this? Huh?

Joshua : You know what the best part is, Daddy?

16.

17.

Hazel : You know what, sweetie; I really need to use this little girl’s room right here for a sec, all right? You stay right here with the, uh…

(Few minutes ago…)

Hazel : Joshua! Joshua! Joshua!!! What were you doing?! Joshua : Where were you?

Hazel : Where were you?! Oh, Brad. So sorry. My God. Bradley

Brad : She was up there with Josh. You know, they said she slipped.

Ned : No doubt about it. You have had one fucked-up month.

Brad : I think he pushed her. Ned : Come on. You’re… You’re

talking about a nine-year-old boy.

Brad : I think all of this has been his doing. I think Abby… I think the screaming – Lily’s screaming… There must be something we can do. Brilliant to changing the subject Brilliant to changing the subject 01:10:40 01:18:23

18. Joshua : Can we play together? Abby : (sniffles loudly) Yeah,

yeah, let’s play a game, huh? What do you want to play, backgammon? Joshua : Hide-and-seek.

Abby : Hide-and-seek? Oh, well, I… Okay, fine.

Joshua: Good. I’ll hide, you seek. Abby : Yeah, I figured as much. Joshua : You close your eyes and

count to fifty. And Mommy. No peeking. Abby : Okay. One, two, three,

four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten…

Trying to make people

seem crazy

Abby : Joshua! Where are you?! (crying) Oh… (sigh)… Brad : Okay, sweetie. Do you

hurt? It’s okay. Shh, shh, shh… Lily’s fine. See, look. She’s asleep in her crib. She’s fine. See? Okay? Abby : You!! (scream)

Joshua : Did you even look for me, Mommy?

Abby : (Abby screams) YOU! 19. Joshua : Beware of the

Jabberwocky.

Brad : What? (Lily cries). Did he just… just take your fuckin’ binky?!

(crying continues) Joshua, Joshua, Joshua! Where’s Lily”s binky?

Joshua!

Joshua: Come on. Let’s go

Brad : I’m talking to you. You better come down here right now.

Joshua : You better come down here right now.

Brad : Joshua, Joshua. Joshua : Joshua.

Brad : I’m not fucking around with you right now.

You understand me? Come down right now! Joshua : Come down right now. Brad : Where is it? Where’s

Lily’s binky?

Joshua: Where’s Lily’s binky? Brad : You answer me. Answer

your father.

Joshua : Answer your father. Brad : Answer your father!

(slapping Joshua)

Joshua : No, no, no, Daddy! Nobody will ever love you. (slyly smile)

Brad : You… fuck! (stifled moans)

Trying to make people seem

crazy

B. Data analysis

1. Joshua’s Characters

The director described Joshua firstly as a normal child. His activities were doing normally as a common child. One day in the hospital, Joshua and his father, Brad, visited his mother, Abby that bore Lily. In the hospital, Joshua did not directly join with Brad and Abby. He just looked them from the door with weird looking.

Joshua: Is that hurt, Mommy?

On a dialogue above, Joshua tried to ask his mother about how she felt like when she born Lily. After Abby went back home, then his grandparents and uncle came together into his apartment. Joshua was really like to play piano and he performed his performance to them. He often played it together with his lovely uncle named Ned. But after Lily’s born, Joshua started to feel be alienated by his parents and grandparents. Joshua always tried to disturb Lily to make her cry and wake up Brad and Abby. This lifestyle continued for few days. Then he saw the recorded video of Abby that showed her mental illness tendency when she cared him. Since that, Joshua started to act strange and aggressive.

The writer subtypes Joshua asaggressive sociopathbecause his characters and personalities show many tendencies of it.

a. High Intelligent

The sociopaths could be the intelligent and very successful businessmen that goes home each night and abuses their families.10They usually have a normal or above normal intelligence level and good verbal fluency.11

George Ratliff described Joshua as a child that had high intelligent. He was very clever in science and played some tricks to trap his victims. He often used his intelligent to hurt, manipulate, abuse, or even to kill people. In support the writer analyze it can be seen from some dialogues beneath.

First dialogue:

Brad : Joshua, he’s, uh… How smart is he?

Ms. Danforth : Well, this might be getting ahead of ourselves, but we think Joshua might benefit by skipping a grade, maybe two.

The first dialogue above is a conversation between Joshua’s father, Brad, and his teacher, Ms. Danforth; that explained about how smart Joshua was at school. His smart was exceeding over his grade and it made Ms. Danforth to propose him for skipping two grades “…we think Joshua might benefit by skipping a grade, maybe two.”

The second dialogue beneath is a conversation between Joshua and his father, Brad, in Joshua’s bedroom. Joshua that fanatic with Egypt’s myths was

10

KEEBU,DEFINITION OF A SOCIOPATH. Accessed on March 5, 2008 http://www.findlaci2003.us/sociopath.html. p. 2

11

practicing his knowledge about theembalminginto his puppet that to be known as one of the Egypt custom, front of his father “In Egypt, when they embalmed people…”

Second dialogue:

Joshua : In Egypt, when they embalmed people, like Pharaohs, they broken the nose and removed the brain through the opening. They drained the body of all its fluid on a special stone slab. This guarantees him a glorious afterlife. (Humming…) They chanted something, too, but I’m making that part up.

He completely explained the steps of embalming that he believed as the guarantee of a glorious afterlife for the people “This guarantees him a glorious afterlife”. He cut the puppet’s nose by a scissor “…they broken the nose and removed the brain through the opening”, and then, he cut the puppet’s stomach then took the fills out as if he drainedthe body from all fluids “They drained the body of all its fluid on a special stone slab”.

Third dialogue:

Joshua: Seth. He’s the god of chaos.

Hazel : Seth? That’s thename of the god of chaos? Pity those heathens. Joshua : Seth cut Osirus into fourteen pieces.

Hazel : Bad Seth…

Joshua : But Seth is also good. Without Seth, there is no order. Because Seth is the only one who can battle the evil serpent, Apep. Apep is all-bad. Pure darkness. He eats his own screams. That’s his only nourishment. …If Apep swallowed you, you become nothing. A nonbeing. Till the end of existence, you’d remain in Apep’s guts, slowly digested for all of eternity. And nobody would care ‘cause nobody would realize you were missing.

The third dialogue above is a conversation between Joshua and Hazel when visiting the Brooklyn Museum of Art that performing the relics and myths of Egypt which he interesting on it. He stood look into an ancient symbolic picture

of Seth and Apep that hung on the wall, then he explained the story details with specified to Hazel. He told her aboutSethasthe god of chaosthat had cut Osirus into fourteen pieces “Seth cut Osirus into fourteen pieces”, and as the only one who couldbattle against Apep, the evil serpent from darkness “…Seth is the only one who can battle the evil serpent, Apep.” He also made Hazel felt suddenly frightened when he explained that she would be nothing, nobody would care and realize about your missing if Apep swallowed her, then she would remain in Apep’s guts until the end of her life to slowly digested for the eternities “If Apep swallowed you, you become nothing. A nonbeing. Till the end of existence, you’d remain in Apep’s guts, slowly digested for all of eternity. And nobody would care ‘cause nobody would realize you were missing.”

According to the dialogues that the writer puts above are proving that Joshua had extremely high intelligentin knowledge that will always help him on doing the crimes. His intelligent and ability level are exceeding the average standard level of children on his age.

b. Talking-well and Clear-Headed

Not only as a high intelligent kid, Joshua was also had verbal intelligent and clear-headed. He was highly competence in using his verbal ability to manipulate and provoke people and his family. His clear-headed made him capable to twist the subjects’ words by quickly and skillfully and did not need much time thinking for answering the questions or interrogations. But much of his statements those he speech were just alying.

The dialogue beneath was happened when Joshua ate together with Brad, Abby, and Lily in their dining room. In a quiet, he suddenly opened a conversation about the dead people in their apartment “You know someone died in this apartment?” that made his parents became confused. But after his father answers him that it was not true, he quickly told the words that never the kids could happen to be thought so quickly about this earth that filled up by bones of the dead bodies that people will find if they dig it down “…someone has died, on pretty much every inch of this planet. You know, dig down anywhere, and you’ll find bones.”

First Dialogue:

Joshua :You know someone died in this apartment?… Brad : I-I-I… I’m pretty sure that’s not true.

Joshua : If you think about it, someone has died, on pretty much every inch of this planet. You know, dig down anywhere, and you’ll find bones.

Abby : (Abby laughs) I don’t know. I think you…

We would probably know if someone was killed here.

Joshua : I didn’t say killed. Why do you think killed?Do you have the sense, too? Brad : Nobody died here, man.

He said that this planet was full of bones that would be found if they dig it down“If you think about it, someone has died, on pretty much every inch of this planet. You know, dig down anywhere, and you’ll find bones”; to get their reactions of those words. After he succeeded to make Abby go into his provocation by answer his question, by quickly hetwistedher sentences by saying “I didn’t say killed. Why do you think killed? Do you have the sense, too?”that made them felt weird of his statement for a while. It proved that he was atalking

welland he manipulated people by mixing hisverbal intelligentandclear-headed together.

Second dialogue:

Joshua : Do you ever feel weird about me? Your weird son? Brad : No. No, no, no, no, not at all. Not at all.

Joshua : You know that magic trick where the magician puts the person in the box and spins the box and makes the person disappear? I know how that trick is done. If you look carefully, you can tell.

Brad : Well, you know, hey, maybe magic is your thing. We could take you to a magic store. Get you some tricks.

Joshua: You know, you don’t have to love me. That’s not like a rule or something. Brad : But I do love you. You’re my boy. I’ll always love you, no matter what.

Okay?

The second dialogue above which happened between Joshua and Brad, Joshua suddenly opened a conversation with asking a question about was Brad ever feltweird about him “Do you ever feel weird about me? Your weird son?” He also told him that he did not need to love him because it was not a rule. He said the words about the tricks of magic that could make people disappear as if he wanted to give a sign of his plan to eliminate his parents by twisting the words as his tricks “You know that magic trick where the magician puts the person in the box and spins the box and makes the person disappear? I know how that trick is done”, but Brad did not realize it and just deemed it as a usual topic of Joshua’s interest.

c. Callousness and Lack of remorse

Sociopaths are usually unable to sustain relationships and have a total lack of remorse for their actions and may also be very prone to aggressive, hostile, and

sometimes violent behavior.12 Joshua, who always acted spontaneously and disorganized on doing his crimes, he also showed the callousness and lack of remorse feeling into his victims. The dialogue beneath can supports the writer’s analyze about it.

Hazel : Joshua! Joshua! JOSHUA!!! What were you doing?! Joshua : Where were you?

Hazel : Where were you?! Brad. So sorry. My God. Bradley. Brad : Jesus Christ, Mom.

Hazel : I’m so sorry. Bradley. I’m so sorry. You gave me such a fright. Don’t! No! No! Oh! YOU… (Thudding, woman gasps).

The dialogue above happened when Joshua, Lily and his grandmother, Hazel visited the Brooklyn Museum of Art. Joshua tried topushLily on her baby-train down to the stairs while Hazel goes to the toilet, but he failed after Hazel succeeded to chasing him and screaming his name. By his spontaneously and disorganized, he exploited the time and situation of Hazel’s neglectfulness to eliminate Lily. He did not show any remorse feeling at all about his mistake.

After his father, Brad, knew about Joshua crimes, he took over Lily from Joshua and leaved him behind with Hazel who was still frightening and shocking after that incident, just stood on the upstairs with her confusion while Joshua hold her left hand unexpectedly. And once again he exploited the situation when people around did not pay attention to him and Hazel, without any callousness, hepushed Hazel down to the stairs until die. By looking people screaming when seeing Hazel down, hepretendedto approach her and cried.

12

d. Bully and Tyrannize

Bully is a person’s characteristic who uses her or his strength or power to frighten or hurt weaker people13. Joshua’s deviant in bullying and tyrannizewere also depicted by the director, George Ratliff. Tyrannize is a person’s characteristic who treats somebody in an unfair or cruel way14.Joshua’styrannize actions to his family members and the animals proved him as a tyrant.

Old man : Can you help me out, little man? Just something, anything. I’m no chooser here.

Joshua : I’ll give you five dollars if I can throw a rock at you.

The dialogue above showed that Joshua wasbullieda poor old man. When Joshua sat on a garden bench, the old man came close to him and asked some money to him. But Joshua submitted the old man a requisite that if the old man allowed Joshua to throw a rock at him, Joshua would give him five dollars. It proves that he liked tohurtorbullythe weak people.

e. Serving themselves

Sociopaths only care about fulfilling their own needs and desires.15 Their intention is just to gratify themselves, and they will commit a crime if to achieve gratification means breaking the law. Their motives are selfish and if others get in

13

A.S Hornby,Oxford Advanced Dictionary, (Aylesbury: Oxford University Press, 1987) p. 147 14

Ibid. p. 1290

15

the way of their desires, they will victimize others to get what they want.16 They will do anylying, cheating, or evenmurderto fulfill it. Joshua that to be showed on this film, had a big desire to live with his lovely uncle, Ned. Ned was the one who very close to him that often played piano together with him. Joshua very revered his uncle who always supported him. This desire had made Joshua decided to eliminate his parents and other relatives that he thought would be chased him to fulfill it. The sentences below were a song lyric that Joshua sang before the film ended.

You know they didn’t ever have to love me. No, no, no.

And no one will ever love them now.

But they always wanted that somehow to save me. Why oh why? For pity’s sake they should have saved themselves.

But you, you always said I never missed a note. And nobody ever knew me like I do.

You always said it was gonna be okay. I only ever really wanted to be with you.

Joshua sang that song when he played piano together with Ned, while the couriers packaging his and Lily’s stuffs. Ned decided to take care of Joshua and Lily while their parents could solve the problems. He would bring them into his apartment. Joshua expressed his feeling about what he felt on his parents and Ned. Ned, who still didnot realize about Joshua’s crimes, heard carefully every word of the song lyric that Joshua singing. Brad and Joshua were playing piano together, while waiting the couriers packaging his and Lily’s stuffs to move out into Ned’s apartment. He thought that his parents, Brad and Abby did not need to do something to protect him “…they always wanted that somehow to save me” but 16

rather they have to saved themselves “they should have saved themselves”, and they did not need to love him too “they didn’t ever have to love me”. On that lyric, he also said that no one would ever love them now. Joshua also expressed his feeling about Ned that he never missed a note and always supports him; on this song. He even expressed hisdesire to be with him”I only ever really wanted to be with you.” For a sociopath, the end justifies the means.17

2. Joshua’s sociopath

a. Manipulate Other

The sociopaths learn early on to be charming in order to manipulate their surroundings.18 In the movie, Joshua was showed as a boy that had amanipulate ability. He used hisspeech intelligent to manipulate people. Manipulation as one of sociopath traits is closely tied with their view of the world and their place in the world.19Other people are not subjects of sociopaths’ experience but rather objects. They play people as if other people are toys, and the ones that are at most risk are the ones in a relationship with a sociopath.

17

Ibid.

18

Lisa Featherston,Sociopath. Accessed on March 5, 2008.

http://www.archetypewriting.com/articles/psychology/sociopaths.htm. p. 2 19

Admin,Sociopath traits: Sociopath characteristics and relationships with sociopaths. Accessed on May 13, 2008.

http://jubave.com/2008/04/28/sociopath-traits-sociopath-characteristics-and-relationships-with-sociopaths/. p. 2

First dialogue:

Joshua :Dad, is Mommy alright?

Brad : Yeah, yeah. She’s just tired, pal. Why do you ask? Joshua : Nothing. Lily asleep?

Brad : Yeah, I got her to fall asleep. Pretty good, huh? Joshua : You’re better at it than Mommy.

Brad : (laughs) I’m not sure about that. Joshua : You are. Really.

Second dialogue:

Joshua : Are we save, Mommy? Abby : Well, what do you mean? Joshua : Does Daddy love me?

Abby : Of course he loves you. Yes, he loves you very, very much. Yeah. Joshua : But not like a Mommy.

The first and second dialogues are helping the writer analyze to proving Joshua’s manipulate behavior. The first dialogue is a conversation between Joshua and his father, Brad, in his bedroom. He told Brad that he was better in taking care of children thanhis mother, Abby “You’re better at it than Mommy”, whereas, on the second dialogue between him and Abby that happened a few days after it, he told her that she was more loving him than his father “But not like a Mommy.”; after he made a question that doubting his father’s love to him “Does Daddy love me?” He also asked her about their safety to her “Are we save, Mommy?”, as if Brad had threatened their safety and brought the uncomfortable feeling to them.

After Brad distrusted Joshua as the mastermind of all the chaos that happened in his family, he decided to call a child psychologist named Betsy into his apartment. Brad askedher to find out the causes of Joshua’s deviation. Joshua,

who did not know about her coming before, spontaneously started to set a fire strategy to manipulate Brad and Betsy. As the first step, Betsy asked Joshua to show her his guinea pig in his room. But he spontaneously diverted the topic and her attention on guinea pig that he had strayed before in his room; into drawing “My guinea pig? Okay. Do you like draw?”

Betsy : Yeah. Maybe you could show me your room. I hear you have a guinea pig. I love guinea pigs.

Joshua : My guinea pig? Okay. Do you like draw? Betsy : Oh, I love drawing.

Joshua used his high intelligent to manipulate Brad and Betsy by drawing a picture which to be known as the textbook example of abuse “This picture is a textbook example of abuse”. He drew it with Betsy that watched him over from behind. He wanted her to make a simple conclusion that Brad had abused him. Without they realized that they would be enter into his trap by means of his drawing. After Brad left Betsy and Joshua both in a guest room, he came close to them to find out Betsy’s conclusion about her observation of Joshua. Before she gave her conclusion about Joshua, Brad commentedJoshua’s drawing as a sign of sociopath “This has got to be the sign of some kind of… sociopath.” But, based on the drawing, she denied his comment and concluded that someone had abused Joshua“I’m just pointing out the fact that your son has been abused.”

Third dialogue:

Brad : Do you see…? This…this is off. Something is wrong here. This has got to be the sign of some kind of… sociopath.

Betsy : No, no, no, Mr. Cairn. That’s…that’s not it. This picture is a textbook example of abuse. Okay? That boy is being abused…

Brad : No, no, no, no, no, no. Let me tell you what you’re dealing with here. Betsy : I don’t care…

Brad : …he probably researched it. He probably looked it up on the computer. He probably knew exactly what to draw.

Betsy : This is abuse I’m talking about right here. Do you understand what I’m saying?

Brad : What are you…? Nobody’s beating him. I’m not…he probably…

Betsy : Why are you being so defensive? I’m just pointing out the fact that your son has been abused.

Brad : I’m not being…

Brad who felt that her sarcastic-gaze and accusation about Joshua’s abuse were directed on him, trying to insist her that nobody abused him “Nobody’s beating him. I’m not…”Knowing about how smart Joshua was, Brad even saying that Joshua was probably researched and looked it up on the computer before; and exactly knew what he should to draw “…he probably researched it. He probably looked it up on the computer. He probably knew exactly what to draw.” But he had failed to convince her, whereas, his denying make her more distrust him who had abused Joshua. At least Joshua succeeded to provoke Brad and Betsy into a dispute.

Two examples above are proving that Joshua uses his ability in manipulate people to eliminate them or just for covering himself from their suspicions on his crimes. It has been proved when he slanders Brad and Abby to get their attention, and drawing a picture of abuses to provoke Betsy for accuses Brad that has abused him.

b. Lying all the time

The sociopaths lie very easily and though some lies are deliberate, most of their lie are unintentional and usually a part of boasting about their lives.20Joshua, who was always showing his activities bylying all the time,had filled the movie that will create a description about him as an extreme liar kid. His manipulate activities also used the lie ability to it. Because of his figure as a nine-year kid, had made people easier to trust his lie. The writer puts a dialogue beneath as an authentication of his analyze about Joshua’s lying behavior.

Joshua had succeeded to eliminate Brad by harassed his emotion to beat him in the public and brought him into the jail. The conversation beneath was happened between Brad and his father, Chester; in an investigation room that Brad asked to come and look a lawyer for handled his case.

First dialogue:

Chester: …Uh over thirty eyewitnesses, your boy tells the cops he’s been being abused since his sister was born, bruises all over his body, a sheaf of Joshua’s drawing that have the authorities drooling…

Brad : Chester, goddamn it, it isn’t the whole story, okay? I’m trying to tell I have to get out of here now.

Chester : They say you were tampering withAbby’s medication. Brad : What? That’s – that’s insane.

As usual, people more trusted Joshua for what he said as a kid who never be lie, than Brad’s words as an adult. Chester told Brad that Joshua made some confessions into the cops that Brad had abused and bruised him since Lily was born “…your boy tells the cops he’s been being abused since his sister was born, 20

bruises all over his body…” Betsy, a child psychologist that ever observed Joshua; had also given a Joshua’s picture of abuses which he ever used to manipulate Brad and Betsy, into the cops as an evidence thing “…a sheaf of Joshua’s drawing that have the authorities drooling…” And Joshuaalso slandered Brad by giving a confession to them that Brad had tempered with Abby’s medication “They say you were tampering with Abby’s medication.” All of those Joshua’s confessions had incriminated Brad as the accused. Brad, who knew that Joshua’s confessions were just a lying; could not do anything to defend himself causing by the witnesses and evidences that he did not have.

c. Denying his involvements

The sociopath may be an excellent actor; always appearing charming, calm, and collected.21 If there was someone had known about Joshua’s involvements of his criminal actions and asked it, he would always try to deny it. No matter how far that people forced him with the questions, he would keep pretended and used his verbal ability to deny it. The dialogue beneath that the writer puts is happened in the morning between Joshua and his father, Brad that looking over him. Brad acted more wary and always asked the interrogation questions about Joshua’s crimes after knowing it.

Joshua : Daddy? Do you like my house? I made it last night.

Brad : I know what you’re doing, Josh. I don’t know ‘why’ you’re doing it, but I’m on to you.

Joshua: They’re just blocks, Daddy.

Brad : You’re not going to hurt anybody else.

21

KEEBU,DEFINITION OF A SOCIOPATH. Accessed on March 5, 2008. http://www.findlaci2003.us/sociopath.html. p. 1

Joshua : Are you made at me? Do you still love me, Daddy? Brad : I think you’re sick, Josh.

Joshua: I don’t feel sick. Not at all. Brad : why are you doing this? Huh?

Joshua : You know what the best part is, Daddy?

Although Joshua knew that his father, Brad brightly forced him by his statements that he knewhis crimes “know what you’re doing, Josh. I don’t know ‘why’ you’re doing it…”, but he still tried to denying it and pretended by divert the topic into his blocks house that he made on last night “They’re just blocks, Daddy”. And when Brad judged him about his illness “I think you’re sick, Josh”, he diverted it too by saying that he didnot feel seek at all “I don’t feel sick. Not at all.”

d. Brilliant to changing the subject

Joshua was also brilliant in changing the subjectwhen he threatened. He handed overall of the crimes he did to the subject that knowing about his crimes doing. He would manipulate people to trust him for any kind of lies he told to slandering the subjects. There are some dialogues beneath, that will help the writer to support his analyze about this deviant.

The first dialogue beneath describes Joshua who handed over his fault into his grandmother, Hazel; that happened in the Brooklyn Museum of Art.

First dialogue:

Hazel : You know what, sweetie; I really need to use this little girl’s room right here for a sec, all right? You stay right here with the, uh…

(Few minutes ago…)

Hazel : Joshua! Joshua! Joshua!!! What were you doing?! Joshua : Where were you?

Hazel : Where were you?! Oh, Brad. So sorry. My God. Bradley.

In the middle of their visiting, Hazel left Joshua into the toilet and asked him to keep stay on his place with Lily “…I really need to use this little girl’s room right here for asec, all right? You stay right here…” He spontaneously used the time to eliminate Lily and brought her into the stairs, then tried to push her down. But he stopped his plan and failed when Brad and Hazel successfully found him. They came close to him to take Lily away from his hands. He quickly pretended as a kid who to looking for his parents. Although he knew that Hazel went to the rest room, but he kept pretended that he did not know the place where she gone by asked her “Where were you?” By that question, He handed over it into her; as if, she had done a wrong by leaving him alone with Lily without told him before. And when people around did not pay more attention to them both, he pushed down Hazel from the upstairs until die.

The second dialogue beneath is happened in mourn of Hazel death, and because of that, Joshua using black coat.

Second dialogue:

Brad : She was up there with Josh. You know, they said she slipped. Ned : No doubt about it. You have had one fucked-up month. Brad : I think he pushed her.

Ned : Come on. You’re… You’re talking about a nine-year-old boy. Brad : I think all of this has been his doing. I think Abby…

I think the screaming– Lily’s screaming… There must be something we can do.

In Hazel’s funeral, Brad wanted to tell about his suspiciousness for what Joshua done; in to his brother-in-law, Ned. Brad, who was also in that Museum when that accident happened, tried to tell Ned that Joshua had killed Hazel “I

think he pushed her”, harassed Abby and Lily “I think all of this has been his doing. I think Abby… I think the screaming – Lily’s screaming…“ But Ned did not believe him and thought that it was impossible for Joshua to do and plan all of those crimes on his age. Joshua distrustful Brad’s movements that talking with Ned in whispered and watched them out, while he stood with his grandfather, Chester. Then, Joshua came close to them both to stopping their private conversation. Joshua triedto whispering something on Ned’s ear to slander Brad, whilestealing a glance at Brad. Once more, he successfully made Ned trust him and distrusted Brad.

e. Trying to make people seem crazy

A sociopath prefers to play games and prove his cunning over society.22In this movie, Joshua was also depicted as a child that liked trying to make people same crazy. He knew exactly how to make people look crazy or even make them become real crazy. He playedsome tricks to provoke the subjects’ emotions. The writer puts the dialogues beneath as follow to support his analyze.

A dialogue beneath describes a situation when Joshua tried to use her mother’s nervous breakdown and her injured foot condition to make her seem crazy by using a hide-and-seek game trick. Alienated and put her mother away was his purpose.

22

Lisa Featherston,Sociopath. Accessed on March 5, 2008.

First dialogue:

Joshua : Can we play together?

Abby : (sniffles loudly) Yeah, yeah, let’s play a game, huh? What do you want to play, backgammon?

Joshua : Hide-and-seek.

Abby : Hide-and-seek? Oh, well, I… Okay, fine. Joshua: Good. I’ll hide, you seek.

Abby : Yeah, I figured as much.

Joshua : You close your eyes and count to fifty. And Mommy. No peeking.

Abby : Okay. One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten…Joshua! Where are you?! (crying) Oh… (sigh)…

Brad : Okay, sweetie. Do you hurt? It’s okay. Shh, shh, shh… Lily’s fine. See, look. She’s asleep in her crib. She’s fine. See? Okay?

Abby : You!! (scream)

Joshua : Did you even look for me, Mommy? Abby : (Abby screams) YOU!

Joshua came close to her mother, Abby that newly succeeded to fall Lily asleep. He used this time to eliminate her before his father come home, and used a hide-and-seek game trick to bring Abby into his trap. He asked Abby to be the seeker that has to find him while he was hiding. Her injured-foot that Joshua had calculated before was slowing down her steps to find him and made him easier to prepare the traps. Abby tried to look for him, but she did not find him anywhere. She became shock and panic after she found Lily was not in her crib. Joshua brought Lily and hid her to harass Abby’s nervous breakdown that would make her easier toseem crazy or lost control. She started hysterical crying and when she begging him to come out and gave Lily back to her. “Joshua! Where are you?!“. She tried to looking for him on the emergency stairs-room and locked in a storeroom.

Brad found Abby and brought her in, then told Abby that Lily was sleeping in her crib and nothing bad happened to her. Abby who felt that Joshua

had played her, was screaming and being hysterical crying, as she looked Joshua be in Lily’s bedroom. Brad held her when she tried to lunge Joshua who just standing in silent and showing no fear on his face when looked her screaming to him. Moreover, he still used her hysterical to harass her more by judged her that she did not try to look him for, “Did you even look for me, Mommy?“ thatwords had made her became more hysterical and screamed louder. Brad brought her into a Mental Hurt Review to get a medication for her heavy nervous breakdown.

Second dialogue:

Brad : What’s going on here? When am I getting bail?

Chester : Not till Monday. Don’t you know? Never beat up your kid in public on the weekend.

A few weeks after Joshua succeeded to eliminate Abby by harassed her to seem crazy and after he killed Hazel, he continued to eliminate Brad. Brad, who had known about Joshua’s crimes, was starting look after Lily more tightly to make her keep stay away from Joshua’s reach. Joshua, who realized it, tried to getting back Brad’s attention and asked him to take a pleasure trip together in a center park on the weekend. Joshua harassed Brad’s emotion by repeating the words that he ordered and asked to him until he lost his control, then hit and slappedJoshua in public on the weekend “Never beat up your kid in public on the weekend”.

Third dialogue:

Joshua : Beware of the Jabberwocky.

Brad : What? (Lily cries). Did he just… just take your fuckin’ binky?! (crying continues) Joshua, Joshua, Joshua! Where’s Lily”s binky? Joshua! …I’m talking to you. You better come down here right now. Joshua : You better come down here right now.

Brad :I’m not fucking around with you right now. You understand me? Come down right now! Joshua : Come down right now.

Brad : Where is it? Where’s Lily’s binky? Joshua: Where’s Lily’s binky?

Brad : You answer me. Answer your father. Joshua : Answer your father.

Brad : Answer your father! (Slapping Joshua)

Joshua : No, no, no, Daddy! Nobody will ever love you. (Slyly smile) Brad : You… fuck! (Stifled moans)

Joshua had taken Lily’s binky and made her crying then left them both. Brad was not conscious for what Joshua saying before he left him that Brad has to beware with thejabber that would trap him “Beware of the Jabberwocky”. After Brad slapped Joshua as a sign that he was trapped on Joshua’s trick, Joshua gave Brada slyly smileas a sign of his win and told him that all people would hate him because of this accident “nobody will ever love you.” Then, Brad realized that he trapped after heard that words and saw Joshua expression. He had succeeded to create the public assumptions on Brad as a bad father who liked to abuse his son, then took him into the jail.

From the dialogues above, are proving how smart Joshua when using his manipulate behavior to harass his family members and other people. He has eliminated Abby by harassed her nervous breakdown to become worsen; and eliminated Brad by harassed his emotion to hit him on the public.

CHAPTER IV

CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS

A. Conclusions

On his film, George Ratliff tried to convey his view about psychology that he described it through Joshua characters in his brand-new film Joshua. Joshua Cairn was particularly reflected his struggle in fulfilling his own needs and desires to serve himself. George characterized Joshua as a smart and extremely intelligent kid that always wearing the formal clothes; on his modern thriller-drama film in which he created by using the bright colors on lighting, setting, costuming, and color effect to show up a reality sight on this film plot.

Joshua that was described as a normal kid before, had experienced the psychological changed as a weird son after Lily’s born. His intelligent that exceeding over his grade had brought him to become a smarter student on his school that made his teacher proposed him for skipping two grades. His verbal intelligent that skillfully his practicing on his daily activities to provoke his family reactions of his words that previously could only be said by the high intelligent adults.

He started to play some tricks to eliminate people surround him included his family members. His actions that typically showing sociopath deviations were

become more skilled in manipulate people. He twisted their words, harassed their emotions and played some game tricks to provoke them.

He harassed his mother’s weaknesses to eliminate her by using hide and seek game trick. Then, he killed his grandmother by pushed her down from the stairs after he failed to push his sister down. He also liked to kill the pets. And after he succeeded to manipulate his father with a child psychologist, he harassed his father emotion to hit him on the public, then brought him into the jail and gave counterfeit testimonies to the police.

From the description above, the writer concludes that the character’s characterizations are closely related to the sociopath movement that serves him and fulfills the needs and desires in family and public spheres. It can be seen when the writer analyzes the characterization by using psychological theory.

B. Suggestions

Joshua was directed by George Ratliff, which described about an extremely intelligent in knowledge and verbal ability boy in his characters that reflecting a sociopath movement in attaining the desires of serving himself.

The film can be analyzed from many points of view, but in this opportunity, the writer uses general psychology theory in analyzing and proving the sociopath movement that contained on it.

The writer does suggest anyone who is interested in the film to conduct deeper study related to psychology in literary works, to read and access some

sources from various books and sites. Reading the literary analysis written by many authors will also be helpful in understanding the psychology in a literary work.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Barlow David H & V. Mark Durand, Abnormal Psychology: An integrative Approach Third Edition. Canada: Wadsworth, 2002.

Berent Stanley. Introductory Psychology: A basic self instructional Guide. New York: McGraw-hill, 1997

Boggs, Joseph M., et. al., The Art Of Watching Film Fifth Edition. California: Mayfield Publishing Company, 2000.

Farkhan, Muhammad,Penulisan Karya Ilmiah. Jakarta: Cella, 2007.

Farkhan, Muhammad, Proposal Penelitian Bahasa Dan Sastra. Jakarta: Cella, 2007.

Hornby, A.S, Oxford Advanced Dictionary. Aylesbury: Oxford University Press. 1987

Rosen, Ephraim, et. al., Abnormal Psychology Second Edition. W.B Saunders Company: 1972

Sarlito, Wirawan Sarwono. Pengantar Umum Psikologi. Jakarta: Bulan Bintang. 1982.

Admin, Sociopath traits: Sociopath characteristics and relationships with sociopaths. Accessed on May 13, 2008

http://jubave.com/2008/04/28/sociopath-traits-sociopath-characteristics-and-realtionships-with-sociopaths/

AHarleyGryl,The Sociopathic Personality, What You Should Know. Accessed on March 24, 2008. http://curezone.com/blogs/fm.asp?i=985141

Anonymous, Profile of the sociopath. Accessed on April 19, 2008. http://www.mcafee.cc/Bin/sb.html

Featherston, Lisa, Sociopath. Accessed on March 5, 2008. http://www.archetypewriting.com/articles/psychology/sociopaths.htm

KEEBU, DEFINITION OF A SOCIOPATH. Accessed on March 5, 2008. http://www.findlaci2003.us/sociopath.html

Mamet, David Film Directing. Accessed on December 20, 2008. http://afronord.tripod.com/film/director/html

O’Connor, T.Antisocial Personality, Sociopathy, And Psychopathy. Accessed on

September 24, 2007.

http://www.apsu.edu/oconnort/crim/crimtheory08.htm

Robert, Dr. Hare,The Sociopathic Style: Classic Sociopathic Traits. Accessed on October 5, 2008. http://www.sociopathicstyle.com/traits/classic.htm Wiehardt, Ginny flat character. Accessed on January 21, 2009.

http://fictionwriting.about.com/od/glossary/9/flatcharacters.htm

Wikipedia Abnormal Psychology. Accessed on October 2, 2007. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abnormal_psychology

Wikipedia Characterisation. Accessed on July 25. 2007.

Third dialogue:

Joshua : Beware of the Jabberwocky.

Brad : What? (Lily cries). Did he just… just take your fuckin’ binky?! (crying continues) Joshua, Joshua, Joshua! Where’s Lily”s binky? Joshua! …I’m talking to you. You better come down here right now. Joshua : You better come down here right now.

Brad :I’m not fucking around with you right now. You understand me? Come down right now! Joshua : Come down right now.

Brad : Where is it? Where’s Lily’s binky? Joshua: Where’s Lily’s binky?

Brad : You answer me. Answer your father. Joshua : Answer your father.

Brad : Answer your father! (Slapping Joshua)

Joshua : No, no, no, Daddy! Nobody will ever love you. (Slyly smile) Brad : You… fuck! (Stifled moans)

Joshua had taken Lily’s binky and made her crying then left them both. Brad was not conscious for what Joshua saying before he left him that Brad has to beware with thejabber that would trap him “Beware of the Jabberwocky”. After Brad slapped Joshua as a sign that he was trapped on Joshua’s trick, Joshua gave Brada slyly smileas a sign of his win and told him that all people would hate him because of this accident “nobody will ever love you.” Then, Brad realized that he trapped after heard that words and saw Joshua expression. He had succeeded to create the public assumptions on Brad as a bad father who liked to abuse his son, then took him into the jail.

From the dialogues above, are proving how smart Joshua when using his manipulate behavior to harass his family members and other people. He has eliminated Abby by harassed her nervous breakdown to become worsen; and eliminated Brad by harassed his emotion to hit him on the public.

CHAPTER IV

CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS

A. Conclusions

On his film, George Ratliff tried to convey his view about psychology that he described it through Joshua characters in his brand-new film Joshua. Joshua Cairn was particularly reflected his struggle in fulfilling his own needs and desires to serve himself. George characterized Joshua as a smart and extremely intelligent kid that always wearing the formal clothes; on his modern thriller-drama film in which he created by using the bright colors on lighting, setting, costuming, and color effect to show up a reality sight on this film plot.

Joshua that was described as a normal kid before, had experienced the psychological changed as a weird son after Lily’s born. His intelligent that exceeding over his grade had brought him to become a smarter student on his school that made his teacher proposed him for skipping two grades. His verbal intelligent that skillfully his practicing on his daily activities to provoke his family reactions of his words that previously could only be said by the high intelligent adults.

He started to play some tricks to eliminate people surround him included his family members. His actions that typically showing sociopath deviations were

become more skilled in manipulate people. He twisted their words, harassed their emotions and played some game tricks to provoke them.

He harassed his mother’s weaknesses to eliminate her by using hide and seek game trick. Then, he killed his grandmother by pushed her down from the stairs after he failed to push his sister down. He also liked to kill the pets. And after he succeeded to manipulate his father with a child psychologist, he harassed his father emotion to hit him on the public, then brought him into the jail and gave counterfeit testimonies to the police.

From the description above, the writer concludes that the character’s characterizations are closely related to the sociopath movement that serves him and fulfills the needs and desires in family and public spheres. It can be seen when the writer analyzes the characterization by using psychological theory.

B. Suggestions

Joshua was directed by George Ratliff, which described about an extremely intelligent in knowledge and verbal ability boy in his characters that reflecting a sociopath movement in attaining the desires of serving himself.

The film can be analyzed from many points of view, but in this opportunity, the writer uses general psychology theory in analyzing and proving the sociopath movement that contained on it.

The writer does suggest anyone who is interested in the film to conduct deeper study related to psychology in literary works, to read and access some

sources from various books and sites. Reading the literary analysis written by many authors will also be helpful in understanding the psychology in a literary work.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

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