Research Method RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

A. Research Method

Research method that is used by the researcher in this study is an experimental study with a quantitative approach. Fraenkel and Wallen 2000: 240 state that experimental research is one of the most powerful research methodologies, because it is the best way to establish cause and effect relationship between variables. Besides that, it is the only type of research that directly attempts to influence a particular variable. Budiyono 2003: 79 proposes two kinds of experimental research. They are true experimental research and quasi experimental research. True experimental research is a condition when the researcher can manipulate and control all the dependent and independent variables. And it is called quasi experimental design if the researcher cannot control and manipulate those variables. Here, the researcher focuses on the quasi experimental research since it is impossible for the researcher to control and manipulate all relevant variables. In addition, Budiyono 2003: 89 adds eight experimental designs as a sense of the result of the study and enhance control. They are: 1 The One Shot Case Study, 2 One Group Pretest-Posttest Design, 3 Static Group Comparison, 4 The Randomized Static Group Comparison Design, 5 The Matching Static Group Comparison Design, 6 The Randomized Control Group Pretest-Posttest Design, 7 Randomized Solomon Four Group Design, and 8 Factorial Design. To choose the right design is the 55 commit to user 56 right of the researchers but they have to consider the purpose and variables of their experimental study. The most appropriate experimental design of this study is factorial design. Factorial design extends the number of relationships that may be examined in experimental study. They are essentially modification of either the posttest-only control group or pretest-posttest control group designs which permit the investigation of additional independent variables Fraenkel and Wallen, 2000: 225. The advantages of factorial design is that it allows a researcher to study the interaction of independent variables with one or more others variables, sometimes called moderator variables. Factorial design makes the writer can see how one of the variables might moderate to each other. Within this design, it is possible to assess the effect of each independent variable separately as well as their conjoint or simultaneous effect or interaction Tuckman, 1978: 135. Referring to this research, the researcher chooses the experimental research method because this research is related to the effectiveness of teaching method used as the independent variables and motivation as the control variable in teaching reading comprehension for the eleventh grade students of MAN 2 Metro. This research involves three kinds of variables namely independent variable, dependent variable and attribute variable. The independent variable of this research is the teaching methods. The teaching methods are the factors of this study which are manipulated, measured and selected to know the effect and the relationship to the phenomenon investigated. The teaching methods used in this study are Think Pair Share and Direct Instruction method. These two different methods will be related for the two groups of students. In this way, the Think Pair Share group of students commit to user 57 is functioned as experimental group and Direct Instruction group of students is functioned as control group. Furthermore, the dependent variable of this research is students’ reading comprehension of the eleventh grade students of MAN 2 Metro in the academic year of 20122013. The attribute variable of this study is students’ motivation in learning. This variable is also assumed as the secondary independent variable to the phenomenon investigated. In this study the writer is interested in investigating the effect of independent variable X or teaching method on dependent variable Y or reading comprehension, in which the relationship between X and Y is changed by the attribute variable Z or students’ motivation.

B. Place and Time of the Research