THE INFLUENCE OF DEATH AWARENESS ON GOAL ACHIEVEMENT REFLECTED IN JENNY DOWNHAM’S NOVEL The Influence of Death Awareness on Goal Achievement Reflected in Jenny Downham’s Novel Before I Die (2007).
THE INFLUENCE OF DEATH AWARENESS ON GOAL
ACHIEVEMENT REFLECTED IN JENNY DOWNHAM’S NOVEL
BEFORE I DIE (2007)
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education in English Department
By:
DIYAH FAUZIYAH
A320120291
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2015
i
ii
iii
iv
MOTTO
“Don’t stop when you’re tired, stop when you’re done.” (Unknown)
“Life always begins with one step outside of your comfort zone.”
(Shannon L. Alder)
v
DEDICATION
This work of art is dedicated to all people who have a special duty in my
life as a gift from God to me much amazing life lesson.
vi
ABSTRAK
Diyah Fauziyah. A320120291. THE INFLUENCE OF DEATH AWARENESS
ON GOAL ACHIEVEMENT REFLECTED IN JENNY DOWNHAM’S
NOVEL BEFORE I DIE (2007). Skripsi. Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu
Pendidikan. Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. Juli, 2016.
Studi ini adalah tentang The Influence of Death Awareness on Goal
Achievement in Jenny Downham’s Before I Die (2007) yang dianalisis
menggunakan pendekatan Individual Psychology. Tujuan studi ini adalah untuk
mengetahui indikator-indikator mendekatnya kematian pada seorang penderita
kanker, untuk mengetahui respon seorang penderita kanker terhadap mendekatnya
kematian, untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh kesadaran kematian terhadap
pencapaian tujuan yang ingin dicapai pada seorang penderita kanker, dan untuk
mengungkapkan alasan Jenny Downham menekankan kasus kesehatan dalam
novel Before I Die berdasarkan pendekatan Individual Psychology. Penelitian ini
termasuk dalam penelitian kualitatif. Data primer dari penelitian ini adalah novel
karya Jenny Downham berjudul Before I Die yang diterbitkan pada tahun 2007,
sementara data sekunder dari penelitian ini adalah sumber lain yang terkait dalam
studi ini, seperti: website, kamus dan beberapa buku yang mendukung penelitian
ini. Peneliti menarik empat kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini. Pertama adalah
indikator-indikator mendekatnya kematian pada penderita kanker, yaitu perubahan
fisik, tidur yang meningkat dan nafsu makan yang turun, perubahan sikap, dan
permintaan-permintaan khusus. Kedua, respon penderita kanker terhadap
mendekatnya kematian adalah sedih, iri terhadap orang disekitar, menerima
kenyataan dan menghargai sisa waktu yang dimiliki.. Ketiga adalah pengaruh
kesadaran kematian pada penderita kanker terhadap pencapaian tujuan yang ingin
dicapai yaitu menghargai sisa waktu yang dimiliki, memiliki semangat untuk
melanjutkan hidup, memiliki keinginan untuk melakukan sesuatu yang tidak biasa
. Keempat adalah di dalam novel tersebut, penulis ingin menyampaikan bahwa
hidup itu nyata.
Kata Kunci: Kanker, Before I Die, Individual Psychology.
vii
ABSTRACT
Diyah Fauziyah. A320120291. THE INFLUENCE OF DEATH AWARENESS
ON GOAL ACHIEVEMENT REFLECTED IN JENNY DOWNHAM’S
NOVEL BEFORE I DIE (2007). Research Paper. School of Teacher Training
and Education. Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. July, 2016.
This study is about The Influence of Death Awareness on Goal
Achievement in Jenny Downham’s Before I Die (2007) which is analyzed by
using Individual Psychology approach. The objectives of the study are to know
the indicators of the approaching death on a cancer sufferer, to know the response
of a cancer sufferer to the approaching death, to know how death awareness
influenced goal achievement on a cancer sufferer, and to reveal the reason why
Jenny Downham addressed the medical case on Before I Die novel based on
Individual Psychology approach. This research belongs to qualitative research.
The primary data of this research is Before I Die by Jenny Downham in 2012,
while the secondary data of this research are other sources related to the study,
such as: website, dictionary and some books which support this research. The
researcher draws three conclusions in this research. Firstly, the indicators of the
approaching death on a cancer sufferer, physical changes, increased sleep and
reduced appetite, changes of attitudes, and special request. Secondly, the response
of a cancer sufferer to the approaching death includes being depressed, envy,
accepting the reality, and making use the remaining time. Third is the influence of
death awareness on goal achievement are people can appreciate their remaining
time of life, having spirit to live, and having desire to do something strange which
normal people do not. Fourth is the author wants to make clear that death is
obvious.
Keywords: Cancer, Before I Die, Individual Psychology.
viii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Assalamu’alaikumWr. Wb
Alhamdulillahirabbil’alamin. All praises belong to Allah SWT to His
blessings given to the researcher, so can completed her research paper entitled
THE
INFLUENCE
OF
DEATH
AWARENESS
ON
GOAL
ACHIEVEMENT REFLECTED IN JENNY DOWNHAM’S NOVEL
BEFORE I DIE (2007). Many people helped the researcher in doing this
research. The researcher would like to give the deepest appreciation and grattitude
to them in the following list:
1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M.Hum, the Dean of School of Teacher
Training and Education, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph.D., the Chief of Department of English
Education, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
3. Dr. M. Thoyibi, M.S., the consultant who has supported and gave the
researcher guidance patiently to do this research by giving the best
advise and suggestion, so the researcher can enrich her knowledge
about literarture.
4. Susiati
5. All lecturers of Department of English Education who have become
such educators and for giving precious knowledge to the researcher.
6. Her beloved mother, Mrs. Fitria Sulistyawati for the love, care, prayer
and motivation.
7. Her beloved father, Mr. Azam who had taught her everything and
prepared her to a real life without his presence.
8. Her beloved grandfather and grandmother who had taken care her
while her parents are not at home.
9. Her beloved sisters, Rina Wahyuningsih and Widia Ayu Anggarini
who always share and give lots of precious motivation, love and
support.
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE ....................................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL ..........................................................................................................
ii
ACCEPTABLE .....................................................................................................
iii
TESTIMONY ........................................................................................................
iv
MOTTO .................................................................................................................
v
DEDICATION.......................................................................................................
vi
ABSTRAK .............................................................................................................
vii
ABSTRACK ..........................................................................................................
viii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ....................................................................................
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT ........................................................................................
xi
CHAPTER I INTODUCTION ............................................................................
1
A. Backround of the Study ............................................................................
1
B. Problem Statement ....................................................................................
5
C. Limitation of the Study .............................................................................
5
D. Objective of the Study ..............................................................................
5
E. Benefit of the Study ..................................................................................
5
F. Research Paper Organization ....................................................................
6
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................
7
A. Notion of Individual Psychology ..............................................................
7
B. Basic Concept ...........................................................................................
7
1. Inferiority Feeling and Compensate ...................................................
8
2. Striving for Superiority .......................................................................
8
3. Style of Style.......................................................................................
9
4. Creative Power....................................................................................
9
5. Social Interest .....................................................................................
9
6. Fictional Finalism ...............................................................................
9
C. Psychology of Literarure ..........................................................................
xi
10
6. Fictional Finalism ...............................................................................
11
C. Psychology of Literature ...........................................................................
12
1. Psychological Study of the Author .....................................................
12
2. Psychology of Creative Processes ......................................................
12
3. Psychology of Characters ...................................................................
13
4. Psychology of Readers ........................................................................
13
D. The Notion of Death Awareness on Goal Achievement ...........................
13
1. Notion of Death...................................................................................
13
2. The Notion of Death Awareness .........................................................
14
3. Notion of Goal Achievement ..............................................................
15
E. Previous Study ..........................................................................................
15
F. Novelty ......................................................................................................
15
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD .............................................................
16
A. Type of the Study ......................................................................................
16
B. Object of the Study ...................................................................................
16
C. Type of the Data and the Data Source ......................................................
17
D. Technique of the Data Collection .............................................................
17
E. Technique of Data Analysis ......................................................................
18
CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION ...............................................
19
A. Main Findings ...........................................................................................
19
1. Indicators of the Approaching Death ..................................................
19
2. The Major Character’s Response to the Approaching Death .............
33
3. The Influence of Death Awareness on the Goal Achievement ...........
35
4. The Reason Why the Author Addressed the Medical Case ................
41
B. Discussion .................................................................................................
42
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ........................................
45
A. Conclusion ................................................................................................
45
B. Pedagogical Implication............................................................................
46
C. Suggestion .................................................................................................
47
BIBLIOGRAPHY
ACHIEVEMENT REFLECTED IN JENNY DOWNHAM’S NOVEL
BEFORE I DIE (2007)
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education in English Department
By:
DIYAH FAUZIYAH
A320120291
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2015
i
ii
iii
iv
MOTTO
“Don’t stop when you’re tired, stop when you’re done.” (Unknown)
“Life always begins with one step outside of your comfort zone.”
(Shannon L. Alder)
v
DEDICATION
This work of art is dedicated to all people who have a special duty in my
life as a gift from God to me much amazing life lesson.
vi
ABSTRAK
Diyah Fauziyah. A320120291. THE INFLUENCE OF DEATH AWARENESS
ON GOAL ACHIEVEMENT REFLECTED IN JENNY DOWNHAM’S
NOVEL BEFORE I DIE (2007). Skripsi. Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu
Pendidikan. Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. Juli, 2016.
Studi ini adalah tentang The Influence of Death Awareness on Goal
Achievement in Jenny Downham’s Before I Die (2007) yang dianalisis
menggunakan pendekatan Individual Psychology. Tujuan studi ini adalah untuk
mengetahui indikator-indikator mendekatnya kematian pada seorang penderita
kanker, untuk mengetahui respon seorang penderita kanker terhadap mendekatnya
kematian, untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh kesadaran kematian terhadap
pencapaian tujuan yang ingin dicapai pada seorang penderita kanker, dan untuk
mengungkapkan alasan Jenny Downham menekankan kasus kesehatan dalam
novel Before I Die berdasarkan pendekatan Individual Psychology. Penelitian ini
termasuk dalam penelitian kualitatif. Data primer dari penelitian ini adalah novel
karya Jenny Downham berjudul Before I Die yang diterbitkan pada tahun 2007,
sementara data sekunder dari penelitian ini adalah sumber lain yang terkait dalam
studi ini, seperti: website, kamus dan beberapa buku yang mendukung penelitian
ini. Peneliti menarik empat kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini. Pertama adalah
indikator-indikator mendekatnya kematian pada penderita kanker, yaitu perubahan
fisik, tidur yang meningkat dan nafsu makan yang turun, perubahan sikap, dan
permintaan-permintaan khusus. Kedua, respon penderita kanker terhadap
mendekatnya kematian adalah sedih, iri terhadap orang disekitar, menerima
kenyataan dan menghargai sisa waktu yang dimiliki.. Ketiga adalah pengaruh
kesadaran kematian pada penderita kanker terhadap pencapaian tujuan yang ingin
dicapai yaitu menghargai sisa waktu yang dimiliki, memiliki semangat untuk
melanjutkan hidup, memiliki keinginan untuk melakukan sesuatu yang tidak biasa
. Keempat adalah di dalam novel tersebut, penulis ingin menyampaikan bahwa
hidup itu nyata.
Kata Kunci: Kanker, Before I Die, Individual Psychology.
vii
ABSTRACT
Diyah Fauziyah. A320120291. THE INFLUENCE OF DEATH AWARENESS
ON GOAL ACHIEVEMENT REFLECTED IN JENNY DOWNHAM’S
NOVEL BEFORE I DIE (2007). Research Paper. School of Teacher Training
and Education. Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. July, 2016.
This study is about The Influence of Death Awareness on Goal
Achievement in Jenny Downham’s Before I Die (2007) which is analyzed by
using Individual Psychology approach. The objectives of the study are to know
the indicators of the approaching death on a cancer sufferer, to know the response
of a cancer sufferer to the approaching death, to know how death awareness
influenced goal achievement on a cancer sufferer, and to reveal the reason why
Jenny Downham addressed the medical case on Before I Die novel based on
Individual Psychology approach. This research belongs to qualitative research.
The primary data of this research is Before I Die by Jenny Downham in 2012,
while the secondary data of this research are other sources related to the study,
such as: website, dictionary and some books which support this research. The
researcher draws three conclusions in this research. Firstly, the indicators of the
approaching death on a cancer sufferer, physical changes, increased sleep and
reduced appetite, changes of attitudes, and special request. Secondly, the response
of a cancer sufferer to the approaching death includes being depressed, envy,
accepting the reality, and making use the remaining time. Third is the influence of
death awareness on goal achievement are people can appreciate their remaining
time of life, having spirit to live, and having desire to do something strange which
normal people do not. Fourth is the author wants to make clear that death is
obvious.
Keywords: Cancer, Before I Die, Individual Psychology.
viii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Assalamu’alaikumWr. Wb
Alhamdulillahirabbil’alamin. All praises belong to Allah SWT to His
blessings given to the researcher, so can completed her research paper entitled
THE
INFLUENCE
OF
DEATH
AWARENESS
ON
GOAL
ACHIEVEMENT REFLECTED IN JENNY DOWNHAM’S NOVEL
BEFORE I DIE (2007). Many people helped the researcher in doing this
research. The researcher would like to give the deepest appreciation and grattitude
to them in the following list:
1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M.Hum, the Dean of School of Teacher
Training and Education, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph.D., the Chief of Department of English
Education, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
3. Dr. M. Thoyibi, M.S., the consultant who has supported and gave the
researcher guidance patiently to do this research by giving the best
advise and suggestion, so the researcher can enrich her knowledge
about literarture.
4. Susiati
5. All lecturers of Department of English Education who have become
such educators and for giving precious knowledge to the researcher.
6. Her beloved mother, Mrs. Fitria Sulistyawati for the love, care, prayer
and motivation.
7. Her beloved father, Mr. Azam who had taught her everything and
prepared her to a real life without his presence.
8. Her beloved grandfather and grandmother who had taken care her
while her parents are not at home.
9. Her beloved sisters, Rina Wahyuningsih and Widia Ayu Anggarini
who always share and give lots of precious motivation, love and
support.
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE ....................................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL ..........................................................................................................
ii
ACCEPTABLE .....................................................................................................
iii
TESTIMONY ........................................................................................................
iv
MOTTO .................................................................................................................
v
DEDICATION.......................................................................................................
vi
ABSTRAK .............................................................................................................
vii
ABSTRACK ..........................................................................................................
viii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ....................................................................................
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT ........................................................................................
xi
CHAPTER I INTODUCTION ............................................................................
1
A. Backround of the Study ............................................................................
1
B. Problem Statement ....................................................................................
5
C. Limitation of the Study .............................................................................
5
D. Objective of the Study ..............................................................................
5
E. Benefit of the Study ..................................................................................
5
F. Research Paper Organization ....................................................................
6
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................
7
A. Notion of Individual Psychology ..............................................................
7
B. Basic Concept ...........................................................................................
7
1. Inferiority Feeling and Compensate ...................................................
8
2. Striving for Superiority .......................................................................
8
3. Style of Style.......................................................................................
9
4. Creative Power....................................................................................
9
5. Social Interest .....................................................................................
9
6. Fictional Finalism ...............................................................................
9
C. Psychology of Literarure ..........................................................................
xi
10
6. Fictional Finalism ...............................................................................
11
C. Psychology of Literature ...........................................................................
12
1. Psychological Study of the Author .....................................................
12
2. Psychology of Creative Processes ......................................................
12
3. Psychology of Characters ...................................................................
13
4. Psychology of Readers ........................................................................
13
D. The Notion of Death Awareness on Goal Achievement ...........................
13
1. Notion of Death...................................................................................
13
2. The Notion of Death Awareness .........................................................
14
3. Notion of Goal Achievement ..............................................................
15
E. Previous Study ..........................................................................................
15
F. Novelty ......................................................................................................
15
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD .............................................................
16
A. Type of the Study ......................................................................................
16
B. Object of the Study ...................................................................................
16
C. Type of the Data and the Data Source ......................................................
17
D. Technique of the Data Collection .............................................................
17
E. Technique of Data Analysis ......................................................................
18
CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION ...............................................
19
A. Main Findings ...........................................................................................
19
1. Indicators of the Approaching Death ..................................................
19
2. The Major Character’s Response to the Approaching Death .............
33
3. The Influence of Death Awareness on the Goal Achievement ...........
35
4. The Reason Why the Author Addressed the Medical Case ................
41
B. Discussion .................................................................................................
42
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ........................................
45
A. Conclusion ................................................................................................
45
B. Pedagogical Implication............................................................................
46
C. Suggestion .................................................................................................
47
BIBLIOGRAPHY