7. To know the result of teaching and learning process, the teacher can see
the use of pictures as tools to test the students. For instance by showing some pictures then the teacher orders them to say what they see.
The steps to learn prepositions by using pictures are : a.
Write the prepositions on the board b.
Read the prepositions and ask the students to repeat after the teacher c.
Write down the examples d.
Ask students to make sentences e.
Ask the students to remember the prepositions f.
Ask the students to practice the prepositions g.
In the last activity, the teacher gives a test to know how far the students understand what the teacher teaches.
The indicators of prepositions used: a.
Pronunciation b.
The meaning of word c.
Fluency
E. Research Instruments
The research instruments that are used for this study include observation and evaluation test. The observation is used to observe the teaching-learning
conducted by the English teacher in the classroom including English teacher’s activity in the classroom, the book used by the English teacher and students,
problems faced by the English teacher in teaching prepositions of place, teacher’s performance including their teaching methods and the evaluation used by the
English teacher. Test is used to know how well the students have already mastered
prepositions and it also to prove the effectiveness of using pictures in teaching prepositions of place.
F. Techniques of Collecting the Data
In this research, the writer used the quantitative research approach, so the technique used to get the data related to the teaching vocabulary by the
writer is doing some: 1.
Observation Observation technique is the main technique in collecting the data
about teaching English in the classroom. It was conducted once for observing English teaching-learning process in the real English classroom
activities at the eight grade students of Islamic Junior High School Al Ghazaly Bogor on January 14
th
2009. In this case, the researcher acted as an observer who observed the teaching-learning process without being
involved in the process. Therefore, this technique can be categorized as non-participant observation.
2. Test
It was used to find out the effectiveness of using pictures in teaching prepositions of place. The test consists of 30 thirty questions and it is
divided into two test forms, they are multiples choice and essay test. They are divided into three categories; easy 30, moderate60,and
difficult10. Multiple choices consist of 20 items from number 1 to 20. it’s score per item is 3; it means if the students can choose the right
answer, they will get 60 scores. While essay test consists of 10 items from number 21 to 30. It’s scores per item is 4, it means if the students can
answer correctly, they will get 40 scores. So,the total score of the questions is 100 points if students can answer all of question correctly.
From the description of each test form above, we can see that the high score of this test is 100 scores. To make the writer easy in making the
test from the students in experiment and control class, the writer made description of the test item as follows:
Table 3.1 The description of the test items
No Prepositions of
Place Question Number
Total
Easy 30 1, 11, 22,
Moderate 60 3, 5,8, 10, 14, 26 1
In Difficult 10
30 9
Easy 30 7, 19
Moderate 60 2, 9, 16, 18, 21 2
At Dificult 10
27 8
Easy 30 1, 12, 13, 20
Moderate 60 4, 6, 15, 17, 23, 24, 25, 29 3
On Difficult 10
28 13
From the table of specification for the test item, the writer divided them into easy 30, moderate 60 and difficult 10 after decided the
types of prepositions of place, they are in, at and on.
G. Techniques of Analyzing the Data
