Those characteristics of spoken language should be learned by the learners intently. The English teacher should give some speaking practices to the learners in order to make
them accustomed to the characteristics of spoken language. Then, they can speak English well.
2.2.4 Definition of Speaking Fluency
One of the goals of the English language ’ learners are to be fluent in speaking
English. Thus, an English teacher should encourage his students to practice in both speaking fluency and accuracy. As stated by Celce-Murcia 2001: 104 that
“today, teachers are expected to balance a focus on accuracy with a focus on fluency as well
”. Furthermore, the importance of a teacher to encourage students
’ speaking fluency is also cited by Byrne in Hughes, 2002: 67 that
“the main goal in teaching the productive skill of speaking will be oral fluency
”. There are some theories about the definition of speaking
’ fluency or the meaning of fluency itself. The first definition stated by Hedge in Celce-Murcia,
2001: 104 as follows: The term fluency has two meanings. The first which is
“the ability to link units of speech together with facility and without strain or inappropriate slowness and
undue hesitation, ”…but Hedge proposes a second, more holistic sense of
fluency, that of “natural language use,” which is likely to take place when
speaking activities focus on meaning and its negotiation, when speaking strategies are used, and when overt correction in minimized.
Furthermore, Byrne 1997: 9 defines that “speaking fluency is the ability to
express oneself intelligibly reasonably accurately and without to much hesitation. A fluent speaker is able to express his idea accurately and fluently
”. Byrne 1997: 11
also states that “there are two stages in speaking. The first is practice stage covering
manipulation of the fixed elements of the language like phonological and grammatical patterns together with vocabulary. The second is production stage where
this stage gives opportunity for expression of personal meaning ”.
Finally, it can be concluded that speaking fluency is the ability to fulfill time by talking intelligibly, accurately, reasonably, understandably, and without too much
hesitation in order to make the hearers understand the speech.
2.3 General Concept of Teaching Speaking
