CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
This chapter has two subchapters. The first subchapter is the data presentation which describes the research design, the subject of this study,
research setting, research procedure, data source, technique of collecting data, instruments of collecting data, and validity and reliability of the instruments. The
second subchapter deals with quantitative and qualitative data analysis and the last is finding presentation.
A. Data Presentation
This subchapter discusses the research design, the subject of this study, research setting, research procedure, data source, technique of collecting data,
instruments of collecting data, and validity and reliability of the instruments.
1. Research Design
This study belongs to an action research that the purpose is to improve students’ ability and enhancing their interest and awareness in genre-based
reading class through small group discussions technique. The researcher applied action research AR since she wanted to change her practice. If the things might
not be going as teachers expect, they may need to implement a new initiative although they are unsure how to do it effectively. AR or action research is a
process designed to empower all participants in the educational process students, instructors and other parties with the means to improve the practices conducted
within the educational experience Hopkins: 1993, cited in http:physicsed.buffalostate.edudanowneractionrsch.html. It has the primary
intent of providing a framework for qualitative investigations by teachers and researchers in complex working classroom situations. When AR is applied in the
classroom situations, it is often called as Classroom Action Research CAR. Thus, CAR is a method to find out what works best in the classroom so that
teachers can improve the students’ learning. It is conducted to improve the teaching and learning process which are carried out due to several problems
occured such as students’ low achievement, less conducive class, or uncooperative students and so on.
This study concerned to discuss small group discussions implemented in genre-based reading class. The researcher applied the CAR which employed
several stages, like planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. In reflection, the basic concept of an action research, teacher might see some improvement and
enlightment, as Kemmis and McTaggart in Saleh 2008: 122 stated that classroom action research is a form of collective self reflection which done by the
participants in social situation to improve understanding and practical justice towards the situation of places where the practices were done. In this study, the
researcher was helped by two observers. They are the English Department lecturers of Pancasakti University. The observers helped the researcher to observe
the action done by the researcher. Here, they were given some observation sheets as their guidance to make them easier to observe the detailed action.
This study was conducted in two cycles which had four sequential steps, they are planning, acting, observing and reflecting. The following is a
representation of an Action Research protocol by Kemmis cited in
http:physicsed.buffalostate.edudanowneractionrsch.html.
Figure 3.1 Action research protocol by Kemmis 1988
2. The Subject of the Study
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