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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
In the first chapter, the writer would like to discuss background of the study, reasons for choosing the topic, statement of the problems, objective of the study,
significance of the study, limitation of the study, and outline of the final project.
1.1 Background of the Study
English is one the most widely used international languages in the world. Today in Indonesia, English is introduced into the curiculum and considered as
the first foreign language to be taught from elementary school. English has been introduced as a local content curriculum at the elementary school. In an
educational process, students or learners are expected to undergo changes. Given this view, we expect that each program, course and educational unit brings about
some significant changes in the students. To find out whether the expected changes have been taken place or not it is necessary for teachers to conduct a test
or an examination as one of the evaluation instrument. There are many advantages that we can acquire from the evaluation of the school program.
Richard states that: “Evaluation, in a language teaching program, is that phase or language program development that 1 monitors the teaching process in
order to ensure that system work, and 2 determines which phases of the system need adjustment when problems are expected.” Richard, 1985:9
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Recognizing that evaluation is very important in school, teachers have to know the quality of a good test or criteria of a good test. There are some
characteristics of a good test Arikunto, 2005:53: a.
Test have high validity. A validity represents all important condition in making of test. An evaluation technique is considered has high
validity if the test measures what actually to be measured.
b. Tests shoud be reliable or can be trusted. It gives consistent result, if
it is tested several times. A test is reliable if the test shows constancy.
c. A test must be objective. It means that, a test has objectivity if there
is no subjective factor in doing the test especially in scoring system. d.
Tests must be practical and has clear instruction. Therefore, writer tries to analyze the item test of evaluation in final
examination based on validity, reliability, discrimination power, and index difficulty because the writer hopes that he can make a good test.
1.2 Reasons for Choosing the Topic
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