Agro-morphological Traits Associated with Stagnant Flooding Tolerance in Rice

7 GENERAL CONCLUSION Traits which can be used for determining stress tolerance index were number of productive tillers, intensity of leaf green colour, weight of 1000 grains, plant height, stem diameter, number of tillers, and panicle length. These traits could be explained by the model STI = -3.17 + 0.08W1000 – 0.14PL – 0.56SD + 0.11SPAD + 0.04 SL with R 2 adjusted 0.923. Intensity of leaf green color, panicle length, and stem length had broad genetic variability and high heritability therefore that it would be relative easily to select the traits under flooding stress. The traits were easy and non-destructive in measurement. The traits would be candidate as secondary trait for stagnant flooding selection. These traits may be relevant when studying intermediate genotypes with tolerance. However, reviews their relevance as selectable traits still needs to be assessed. We identified Ciherang and INPARI 30 had good performance while IR 42 did not under 50 – 60 cm of water depth. However, the levels of tolerance of the genotypes are still needed to be confirmed by further experiments across several seasons. Study on inheritance tolerance stagnant flooding stress revealed a quantitatively inherited and complex gene action. The grain yield and its components under stress condition did not fit to additive-dominant model indicating the presence of non-allelic interaction. Joint scaling test with six parameter revealed duplicate and complementary epistasis were fitted to explain gene action model. The estimates heritability’s under stress condition were lower compared to control condition. The strategy for breeding program to improving grain yield under stagnant flooding stress is selection should be delayed after several generations until high level of gene fixation was attained, and combination with shuttle breeding between stress and controlled environment. 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