2 Action
The second step of observation is action. Action is an implementation of planning. An action is the main phase of action research. It is followed by observation
and reflection. This phase is the implementation of the planning that has made by a
researcher to solve the problems. 3
Observation
The third step is observing. In this step, a researcher has to observe all events or activities during the research. It is time to get evidence by analyzing the action and
deciding whether the action was successful or not. 4
Reflection
The last step is reflection. This activity is done after the implementation of treatment in action. The result of the reflection is used to establish the next steps of
research. In other words, a reflection is an investigation to know the result of a research whether a research was success or the failure in reaching the research
purpose.
2.10.3 Aim of Action Research
It has been generally assumed that when students learn a foreign language, they will face problems in learning that language. To solve the problems, teacher
should use an appropriate method such as action research. One of experts who explained the aim of an action research is Hopkins. He said that the aim of action
research as means of extending their professional behaviors and encouraging
flexibility in professional development 1993:71.
Based on Hopkins‟ explanation, it can be concluded that the aim of an action research is to improve and increase the teacher quality in teaching. As teachers, we
must know the weaknesses of the students and how effective our methods are. By doing an action research, it is expected to increase the ability and quality of educators
in the teaching activities. Besides that, an action research can help a teacher to find some of innovations to build a high quality education.
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CHAPTER III METHODS OF INVESTIGATION
This chapter describes in details about the methods of investigation. It consists of six parts namely research design, research variables, population and
sample, instrument of the research, procedure of collecting the data, and technique in analyzing data.
3.1 Subject of the Study
The research determined the students at year XI in semester II as the population of the study. The subject of the research was the students of SMA Negeri
1 Purbalingga in the academic year of 20102011. In this case, I would simply have class XI IPS 4 in which there was thirty-two students. The reasons were based on the
interview with the English teachers who have responsibility in English teaching for year XI, both of science or social program, and my observation in the field. The
teacher said that the students of science program are more active in speaking than the students of social program. So, I chose social program. Moreover, the recommended
class is the most problematic one in this study of all. Here, it is regarded that the class applied is able to represent the condition and problems of all classes.
