CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of Writing
Translation is one of language skills which has to be studied by language learners. As English learners, of course, we want to be able to translate English
text. In order to make it true, we have to study the basic knowledge of translation. If translation is a home, the basic knowledge of translation could be the
foundation. If translation is a car, the basic knowledge of translation could be the machine. Home can not stand without foundation and car can not run without
machine. So, without understanding the basic knowledge of translation, we will fail to translate a text.
The main basic knowledge of translating a text is understanding the form and meaning of text. Form of text is related to grammatical structure.
Grammatical structure is also called surface structure or linguistic elements of translation. While, meaning of text is related to the meaning structure. It is also
called deep structure or extra linguistic elements of language which consist of meaning and socio-cultural of language. Socio-cultural of language consists of
ecology, culture, technology, and system of myth Nababan, 2003:88. In translating text, the first step which has to be done is analyzing text.
Every text has 2 components need to be analyzed namely formsurface structure and meaning structure. Translation is a complicated task because every language
has different form structure. For example, English has tenses while Bahasa Indonesia does not. So, English learners have to understand tenses to be able to
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translate English text well. But, tenses for English learners is very complicated especially for fresh men. It is because the form of verb changes if the time
changes. In order to figure it out, tenses will be observed and explained.
1.2 Scope of Writing
In order to be able to translate English text well, English learners have to understand tenses. Because tenses extends widely, it is decided that only Present
Tense and Past Tense will be analyzed.
1.3 Objective of Writing
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