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Moleong 1990 stated that sampling technique for a qualitative research was different from that quantitative one. Samples in a qualitative research are
related to the context. That is why each datum is treated based on the context. He also clarified that qualitative research did not explore random sampling but
purposive sampling. Consequently, the choice of the technique is appropriate to this research.
In this purposive sampling technique, the selection of sample is from the source of data that has connection with the problem that are analyzed. The
samples are chosen based on certain criteria set up by the researcher. The criteria of choosing this samples are based on Leech’s classification of politeness
principles. The samples of this research are the character’s dialogues employ the politeness principles, especially the employment of tact and approbation maxims
in the movie “Maid in Manhattan”.
J. Instrument of the Research
Instrument in a research is equipment or facility used by the researcher to collect the data so the research can be easier, and the results can be more accurate,
complete and systematic Arikunto; 1998: 151. In a qualitative research, instrument of the research is the researcher herself with or without the help of
other people Moleong; 1990. However, in conduction this research, the researcher herself needed some supporting instruments. They were a VCD, a
movie, script, a VCD player and a television.
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a. Research Procedure
In order to make this study runs in chronological way, the procedures taken up in this research were arranged as follows:
1. Choosing a movie containing the aspects of politeness principles in its
dialogues. 2.
Watching the movie “Maid in Manhattan” for several times in order to understand the whole story.
3. Collecting the data
·
Transcribing the data from the dialogues in the movie into the form of dialogues list.
·
Identifying the listed dialogues that contain the politeness principles carried out by each participant.
·
Finding out the tact and approbation maxims carried out by each participant.
4. Giving codes on the collected data.
5. Analyzing and interpreting the data to answer the problem statements.
6. Drawing conclusions from the results of the analysis and giving suggestions.
F. Data Coding
In order to make easier the classification and analysis of the data in the research, each datum is marked by a code. The coding of data in this research can
be seen through the following ways: Data 1 Tact S: Marissa Ventura
A: Chris Marshall
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Data 2 App. S: A:
It can be identified as follows: 1 2
: refer to the number of datum Tact App.
: refer to the maxims the types of Leech’s politeness principles
It could be; Tact : the tact maxim
App. : the approbation maxim S
: refers to the speaker A
: refers to the addressee
G. Technique of Analyzing Data
