THE INFLUENCE OF ENGLISH TEACHING METHODS TOWARD STUDENTS' BEHAVIOUR IN "FREEDOM WRITER" MOVIE

THE INFLUENCE OF ENGLISH TEACHING METHODS

TOWARD STUDENTS' BEHAVIOUR IN

"FREEDOM WRITER" MOVIE

THESIS

By:

FAKHRUDIN RAHMAD

07360069

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

THE INFLUENCE OF ENGLISH TEACHING METHODS

TOWARD STUDENTS' BEHAVIOUR IN

"FREEDOM WRITER" MOVIE

THESIS

This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve Sarjana Degree in English Education

By:

FAKHRUDIN RAHMAD 07360069

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

This thesis written by Fakhrudin Rahmad was approved on August 1, 2012.

By:

Advisor I, Advisor II,

This thesis was defended in front of the examiners of Faculty of Teacher Training and Education of University of Muhammadiyah Malang

and accepted as one of the requirements to achieve Sarjana Degree in English Education

on August 1, 2012

Approved by:

Faculty of Teacher Training and Education University of Muhammadiyah Malang

Dr. M. Syaifuddin, M.M

Examiners: Signatures:

1. Bayu H. Wicaksono, S.Pd, M.Ed, P.Hd 1. .……….. 2. Rahmawati Khadijah Maro, S.Pd, M.PEd 2. .……….. 3. Dra. Erly Wahyuni, M.Si 3. ………...

MOTTO AND DEDICATION

MOTTO: Life is Choice….!!!

And

I’ll Try My Best…!!!

This thesis is dedicated to: My beloved parents

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Alhamdulillah, all praise be to Allah SWT, the Merciful and Charitable. Because of the guidance, blessing and affection, the writer can finish this thesis.

The writer would like to express his deepest gratitude to Dra. Erly Wahyuni, M.Si, his first advisor and Drs. Soeparto, M.Pd, his second advisor, for their suggestions, valuable guidance and advice during the consultation period, and their comments and corrections during the completion of this thesis.

The writer’s sincere gratitude and appreciation are also extended to certain people who really helped him in conducting this thesis. First of all, to his lecturers in English Department who gave him precious suggestion and guidance in conducting this thesis. Also to his friends who support him in conducting this thesis, they are Arga, Minda, and Ike.

Finally, a special thank goes to his beloved mother (Muswatin), father (Achmad Suhari), sister (Neta Sofia Maharani), brother (Taufiq Qurrohman) all of his best friends in G-18 (Minda, Zaki, Opy, Dian, Dana, Ariz, Fahri, Majid, Arga, Abi, Rudi, Febri, Arif, Frensi), his classmates, his boarding house friends (Viki, Ivan, Siswanto, Dian, Pendi), and his beloved girlfriend (Finda Ratnasari) for their encouragement, love, care, and pray so that the writer can finish this thesis.

Malang, August 1, 2012 The writer,

TABLE OF CONTENTS

APPROVAL ………. LEGALIZATION ……….… MOTTO AND DEDICATION ……… ABSTRACT ……….. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ……… TABLE OF CONTENTS ……… CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of Study ………. 1.2 Statement of Problem ..……… 1.3 Purpose of Study ……… 1.4 Significance of Study ………. 1.5 Scope and Limitation ………. 1.6 Definition of Key Terms ………. CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.1 Method ……… 2.1.1 Kinds of English Teaching Methods ……….……… 2.1.1.1 Grammar-Translation Method ………..……… 2.1.1.2 Direct Method ……….………..…… 2.1.1.3 Audio Lingual Method ………... 2.1.1.4 Cooperative Learning Method ………..………. 2.1.1.4.1 Student Team Achievement Devisions (STAD) ... 2.1.1.4.2 Jigsaw ……….. 2.1.1.4.3 Group Investigation (GI) ………. 2.1.6 Tell and Transform Method ……… 2.1.7 Informal Diary Writing ……….. 2.2 Students’ Behaviour ……….………

2.2.1 Kinds of Students’ Behaviour ………

i ii iii iv v vi 1 4 4 5 5 5 7 9 9 10 11 11 12 13 15 16 17 18 18

2.2.2 Film ……… CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1 Research Design ……….. 3.2 Research Object ………. 3.3 Research Instrument ……… 3.4 Data Collection ……… 3.5 Data Analysis ……….. CHAPTER IV: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION

4.1 Findings ……….

4.1.1 Teaching Methods Influencing The Students’ Behaviour in “Freedom Writer” Movie ………

4.1.1.1 Informal Diary Writing Method ……… 4.1.1.2 Direct Method ……….. 4.1.1.3 Tell and Transform Method ……….. 4.1.2 The Way How the Teacher Implements the Teaching Methods to the Students ……….. 4.1.2.1 Writing Diary ………. 4.1.2.2 Trips ………... 4.1.2.3 Makes a Letter to Miep Gies ………. 4.1.3 The Way How the Teaching Methods Influencing the Students’ Behaviour ………... 4.1.3.1 Writing Diary ……… 4.1.3.2 Trips ………... 4.1.3.3 Makes a Letter to Miep Gies ………. 4.2 Discussion ………

19 21 22 22 23 24 25 25 26 28 30 31 32 33 36 38 38 40 42 44

CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS

5.1 Conclusion ……… 5.2 Suggestions ……….. REFERENCES

APPENDIX

48 49

REFERENCES

Ary, Donald. 2002. Introduction to Research in Education (Sixth Edition). USA: Wadsworth

Brown, Doughlas. 2000. Teaching by Principles, An Interactive Approach to

Language Pedagogy.USA: Person Education, Inc

Colman, Felicity. 2009. Film, Theory and Philosophy: The Key Thinkers. Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press

Creswell, John W. 2009. Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed

Methods Approaches. USA: SAGE Publications, Inc

Freeman-Larsen, Diane. 2000. Techniques and Principles in Language Teaching (Second Edition).USA: Oxford University Press

O’pray, Michael. 2004. Film, Form and Phantasy. UK: Palgrave Macmillan

Porter, Louise. 2000. Student Behaviour: Theory and Practice for Teachers (Second Edition). Australia: National Library of Australia

Richard, Jack C and Rodgers Theodore S. 2001. Approach and Methods in Language

Sharan, Shlomo. 1999. Handbook of Cooperative Learning Methods (Second

Edition).USA: Greenwood Press

Wearmouth, Janice Et All. 2005. Perspectives on Student Behaviour in Schools. Canada: University of Waikato

White, Ronald V. 1995. New Ways in Teaching Writing. USA: Pantagraph Printing, Bloomington, Illinois

1 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

In this chapter, the writer presents the introduction that concerns with the background of the study. They are background of the study, statement of problems, purposes of the study, significances of the study, scope and limitation and definition of key terms.

1.1Background of the Study

In educational system, school is an institution designed for the teaching of students under the direction of teacher. In school, students learn to socialize and get as much knowladge from the lesson given by the teacher. In order to deliver and absorb the knowladge, both teacher and students must have teaching-learning activity. Teaching is one of aspects of education which tries to help students in acquiring, changing or developing skills, attitude appreciation and knowladge. According to Brown (2000: 7), teaching is showing or helping someone to learn how to do something, giving instructions, guiding in the study of something, providing with knowladge, causing to know or understand.

Teaching is not an easy work for a teacher, because she needs some skills such as make an interesting class and make the students easy to understand the subject. In teaching activity there must be many challenges and difficulties faced by the teacher. Students’ behaviour, for instance, can be a chalange since teacher has to

2

face many students with different behaviour; some students may be active, passive, noisy, lazy, or dilligent. According to Wearmouth, et all (2005), students’ behaviour are the result from interactions between people and their environments or society. Moreover, Wearmouth, et all (2005: 110) say that difficult behaviour which seems to a particular student may be indicative of a range of contextual issues associated with society, family, etnic or community, school, classroom, pear group or teacher, as well as the individual student. Thus, teacher has to understand what students’ needs in class activity so that teacher can handle than choose an appropriate teaching method in their class.

Thus, teaching learning activity will be more effective and efficient if it is established through the methods of teacher itself. Teaching method is something that can be used by the teacher to stabilize the classroom or to make the students interested in the teaching activity. According to Richards (1990: 48), the teacher is initially an observer and investigator of the learners’ learning behaviours and subsequently provides feedback on kind of strategies that are most successful for carrying out specific learning tasks.

In other words, methods are important aspect of teaching. They are planed and systematic effort of teachers for establishing teaching activity. According to Larsen-Freeman (2000), methods offer the teacher alternative to what the currently think and do. Methods in teaching are needed to get the teaching learning purpose because effective teaching will be successful if the teacher apply good method in the class. By using methods in teaching, the teacher will be more easily to transfer the information,

3

select the sources and define the roles of students. In addition, Richard and Rogers (2001) say that method is the level in which the theory is put in the choice of particular skills to be taught, the content to be taught, and the order in which the content will be presented.

Nowadays, the use of teaching method has already become very common in teaching-learning activity. As a matter of fact, the use of teaching method is not only found in such real situation as school or university but also within a film as a literary works.

“Freedom Writer” is an axample of movie which contains a lot of examples of teaching method that can be implemented in teaching-learning activity. “Freedom Writer” is a movie which tells about the efforts of English teacher to change bad students behaviour to be better. In this movie, the English teacher face a lot of naughty students who are less interested in teaching-learning activity. Than, she implement some methods in her class to increase the student interest in learning and change their behaviour better since they have a diversity problem in 1999.

The reason why the writer chooses the influence of teaching method toward students’ beviour in “Freedom Writer” movie to be analyzed is because this movie contains appropriate teaching methods expecially in teaching English. The contains of this movie will be a very good knowledge about how to handle a class by determining an appropriate teaching method. Watching this movie will be very beneficial for those who wants to learn about the teaching method, especially in teaching English. For those who have already known about the teaching method, they will get an example

4

on how to apply that teaching method in teaching learning activity. Meanwhile, for those who have never known about the teaching method, they will be interested in learning about teaching method since they get good example of the benefit from using teaching method in this movie.

The explanation, theories, and phenomena above make the writer interested in choosing “ The Influence of English Teaching Methods Toward Students’

Behaviour in “Freedom Writer” Movie” as the tittle of this research.

1.2 Statement of the problems

1. What are teaching methods influencing the students’ behaviour in “Freedom Writer” movie?

2. How does the teacher implement the teaching methods to the students? 3. How do the teaching methods influence the students’ behaviour?

1.3Purpose of the study

1. To know teaching methods influencing the students’ behaviour in “Freedom Writer” movie.

2. To describe how the teacher implemented the teaching methods to the students.

5 1.4Significance of the Study

The writer will give a brief explanation about the significant of study to the English department students that movie is one of a very good tool to improve their speaking, vocabulary, and listening skill.

The result of this study can be a guide for the students who want to do the similar research. The writer also hopes that it can encourage the students of English Department in University of Muhammadiah Malang to increase their knowledge of literature.

Finally, the writer hopes that this study will gives a useful information to all of readers and also help them to analyze a movie.

1.5 Scope and Limitation

The scope of this study is the teaching methods implemented by the English teacher in “Freedom Writer” movie, and it is limited to the teaching methods which succesfully change the students’ behaviour in “Freedom Writer” movie.

1.6Definition of Key Terms

To avoid misunderstanding in this study, the writer gives the definition of key terms that are used in this study. The terms are defined as follows:

1. Method is an overall plan for the orderly presentation of language material,

no part of contradict, and all of which is based upon the selected approach (Richard and Rogers, 2001: 19)

6

2. Students’ behaviour is result from interaction between people and their

environments or society (Wearmouth, et all, 2005)

1 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

In this chapter, the writer presents the introduction that concerns with the background of the study. They are background of the study, statement of problems, purposes of the study, significances of the study, scope and limitation and definition of key terms.

1.1Background of the Study

In educational system, school is an institution designed for the teaching of students under the direction of teacher. In school, students learn to socialize and get as much knowladge from the lesson given by the teacher. In order to deliver and absorb the knowladge, both teacher and students must have teaching-learning activity. Teaching is one of aspects of education which tries to help students in acquiring, changing or developing skills, attitude appreciation and knowladge. According to Brown (2000: 7), teaching is showing or helping someone to learn how to do something, giving instructions, guiding in the study of something, providing with knowladge, causing to know or understand.

Teaching is not an easy work for a teacher, because she needs some skills such as make an interesting class and make the students easy to understand the subject. In teaching activity there must be many challenges and difficulties faced by the teacher. Students’ behaviour, for instance, can be a chalange since teacher has to

2

face many students with different behaviour; some students may be active, passive, noisy, lazy, or dilligent. According to Wearmouth, et all (2005), students’ behaviour are the result from interactions between people and their environments or society. Moreover, Wearmouth, et all (2005: 110) say that difficult behaviour which seems to a particular student may be indicative of a range of contextual issues associated with society, family, etnic or community, school, classroom, pear group or teacher, as well as the individual student. Thus, teacher has to understand what students’ needs in class activity so that teacher can handle than choose an appropriate teaching method in their class.

Thus, teaching learning activity will be more effective and efficient if it is established through the methods of teacher itself. Teaching method is something that can be used by the teacher to stabilize the classroom or to make the students interested in the teaching activity. According to Richards (1990: 48), the teacher is initially an observer and investigator of the learners’ learning behaviours and subsequently provides feedback on kind of strategies that are most successful for carrying out specific learning tasks.

In other words, methods are important aspect of teaching. They are planed and systematic effort of teachers for establishing teaching activity. According to Larsen-Freeman (2000), methods offer the teacher alternative to what the currently think and do. Methods in teaching are needed to get the teaching learning purpose because effective teaching will be successful if the teacher apply good method in the class. By using methods in teaching, the teacher will be more easily to transfer the information,

3

select the sources and define the roles of students. In addition, Richard and Rogers (2001) say that method is the level in which the theory is put in the choice of particular skills to be taught, the content to be taught, and the order in which the content will be presented.

Nowadays, the use of teaching method has already become very common in teaching-learning activity. As a matter of fact, the use of teaching method is not only found in such real situation as school or university but also within a film as a literary works.

“Freedom Writer” is an axample of movie which contains a lot of examples of teaching method that can be implemented in teaching-learning activity. “Freedom Writer” is a movie which tells about the efforts of English teacher to change bad students behaviour to be better. In this movie, the English teacher face a lot of naughty students who are less interested in teaching-learning activity. Than, she implement some methods in her class to increase the student interest in learning and change their behaviour better since they have a diversity problem in 1999.

The reason why the writer chooses the influence of teaching method toward students’ beviour in “Freedom Writer” movie to be analyzed is because this movie contains appropriate teaching methods expecially in teaching English. The contains of this movie will be a very good knowledge about how to handle a class by determining an appropriate teaching method. Watching this movie will be very beneficial for those who wants to learn about the teaching method, especially in teaching English. For those who have already known about the teaching method, they will get an example

4

on how to apply that teaching method in teaching learning activity. Meanwhile, for those who have never known about the teaching method, they will be interested in learning about teaching method since they get good example of the benefit from using teaching method in this movie.

The explanation, theories, and phenomena above make the writer interested in

choosing “ The Influence of English Teaching Methods Toward Students’

Behaviour in “Freedom Writer” Movie” as the tittle of this research.

1.2 Statement of the problems

1. What are teaching methods influencing the students’ behaviour in “Freedom Writer” movie?

2. How does the teacher implement the teaching methods to the students? 3. How do the teaching methods influence the students’ behaviour?

1.3Purpose of the study

1. To know teaching methods influencing the students’ behaviour in “Freedom Writer” movie.

2. To describe how the teacher implemented the teaching methods to the students.

5 1.4Significance of the Study

The writer will give a brief explanation about the significant of study to the English department students that movie is one of a very good tool to improve their speaking, vocabulary, and listening skill.

The result of this study can be a guide for the students who want to do the similar research. The writer also hopes that it can encourage the students of English Department in University of Muhammadiah Malang to increase their knowledge of literature.

Finally, the writer hopes that this study will gives a useful information to all of readers and also help them to analyze a movie.

1.5 Scope and Limitation

The scope of this study is the teaching methods implemented by the English teacher in “Freedom Writer” movie, and it is limited to the teaching methods which succesfully change the students’ behaviour in “Freedom Writer” movie.

1.6Definition of Key Terms

To avoid misunderstanding in this study, the writer gives the definition of key terms that are used in this study. The terms are defined as follows:

1. Method is an overall plan for the orderly presentation of language material, no part of contradict, and all of which is based upon the selected approach (Richard and Rogers, 2001: 19)

6

2. Students’ behaviour is result from interaction between people and their environments or society (Wearmouth, et all, 2005)