Objective of the Study

are unique and novel.” 2 From Carter and Russel’s definition above, creativity is important in life because there are a number of benefits that can be obtained through the implementation of creativity, that is, novel and unique things comprising solutions, ideas, concepts, artistic expression, theories or products. For instance, as creativity is employed by English teachers in classroom, the teachers may have a new insight related to a new way that facilitates the learning and teaching process e.g. attractive games as the learning apparatus. In addition, Monahan reveals that creativity has an association with problem solving, and a problem is, therefore, the essential part of creative achievement. 3 Based on Monahan’s view above, it can be considered that a problem is the thing that can trigger people to be creative. It is because as they encounter a problem, their mind works and prods to solve the problem. For instance, as people lose their only job or being fired by their company in which they work for, they will work hard to find a way to earn money. In this case, to survive in life, they may open their own business as entrepreneurs e.g. cookies sellers. The act to solve the financial problem according to the instance above can be considered as an endeavor which constitutes the manifestation of creativity. Likewise, Lau points out that creativity is not only associated with scientific discoveries or works of art, and therefore it relates to scientists and artists, but the terms creativity also refers to the faculty that is needed to solve problems encountered in workplace or daily life; besides, he also states that better results of certain tasks can be obtained if creativity is employed. 4 To sum up, creativity can be considered as the faculty or the ability associated with using mind and spirit that can trigger or prod people to work better in solving problems encountered in daily life. The work of creativity is 2 Philip Carter and Ken Rusell, More Psychometric Testing: 1000 New Ways to Assess Your Personality, Creativity, Intelligence, and Lateral Thinking, Chicester: John Wiley Sons, 2003, p. 147. 3 Tom Monahan, The Do-It-Yourself Lobotomy: Open Your Mind to Greater Creative Thinking, New York: John Wiley Sons, 2002, p. 49. 4 Joe Y. F. Lau, An Introduction to Critical Thinking and Creativity: Think More, Think Better, New Jersey: John Wiley Sons, 2011, p. 215. signed with something such as a solution, idea, concept, artistic expression, theory or product new and unique.

2. Assisting Techniques to Get Creativity

Creativity is really helpful and useful in daily life. However, it is not an easy craft that one can obtain. A number of experts have tried to figure out the ways to reach creativity. This section aims to discuss several ways that can be helpful to reach creativity. Shively points out that in language arts, creative thinking ability can be facilitated through a number of ways associated with the FFOE Fluency, Flexibility, Originality, and Elaboration model advocated by Guilford as follows: a. Fluency or the ability in which lots of ideas which loosen up the creative wheels is generated. It is facilitated through make a list of word choice options, or alternatives. b. Flexibility or the ability through which question or topic can be viewed from a different angle. It is facilitated through retelling tales from a different character’s point of view, debatingadvocating from a position that is disagreed, or make a guess of the key word behind a set of images or terms. c. Originality or the ability through which unique or unusual products as well as unexpected ideas are produced. It is facilitated through visualizing poem about any controversial or problematic topic, such as racism, pollution, or cruelty to animals. d. Elaboration or the ability in which details, filling in the gaps, embellishing, and completing a creative idea are involved. It is facilitated through creating a pass-along story or paragraph based on the list of words given, or giving figures of speech for a passage given. 5 Moreover, Monahan advocates some aids or stimulus that are used to gain creativity summarized as follows: 5 Candace Hackett Shively, Grow Creativity Focusing on Fluency, Flexibility, Originality, and Elaboration Skills Gives Teachers and Students an Effective Shortcut to Developing Creativity Together, Learning Leading with Technology, 1, 2011, pp. 10—15.