Reliability of the Instrument Reliability of Achievement Test

should not hesitate and change their answers. The questionnaires were collected and the responses were entered into the computer for data analyses. They were also informed that there were no right and wrong of what they said and that the important thing was effectively reporting what was going on in their minds.

V. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

5.1. Conclusion

Based on the data analysis, the writer conclude the research as follow: a. Students of SMA N 1 Terbanggi Besar of the third year used combination strategies in learning language. Based on the cut off points stated in the scoring sheet of the questionnaire, with a mean score of 3.55 and 36271 was the one related to metacognitive strategies. Cognitive strategies ranked the second with an average of 3.36 and 3.38. Finally, the least preferred strategies were the social strategies ones as their score was 3.07 and 3.19 in learning reading Indonesia and English Language in reading subject. b. There were many correlation but not to significant between language learning strategies and reading achievement. 5.2. Suggestion. a. On the contrary, teachers should make use of such findings to adopt the most appropriate teaching strategies. Of course, adopting teaching techniques that will cater the needs of all the students might be difficult but if teachers become sensitive to their students learning style and balance their instruction by making use of a wide variety of tasks in the classroom, they will have treated the students equally.

b. The further research on the relationship between achievement and

strategies might focus on the factors such as motivation, career orientation, performance, and the length of exposure to the language which might influence the perceptual learning strategy use of the language learners. What is more, strategy-training sessions might be designed to assess whether designing such training sessions has an impact on the achievement of the students. REFERENCES Arikunto, S. 2005. Prosedur Penelitian Suatu Pendekatan Dikdatik Edisi Revisi.Jakarta: Rineka Cipta. Borkowski, J., Carr, M., Pressely, M.1987. Spontaneous strategy use: Perspectives from metacognitive theory. Intelligence, 11, 61-75. Brown, A. L. 1987. Metacognition, executive control, self-regulation, and other more mysterious mechanisms. In F. E. Weinert R. H. Kluwe Eds., Metacognition, motivation, and understanding pp. 65-116. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Brown, H.D. 2001. Teaching by Principles: An Interactive Approach to Language Pedagogy. White Plains, NY: Pearson Education. Budiharso, T. 2004. Prinsip dan Strategi Pengajaran Bahasa. Surabaya: Lutfansah Mediatama. Carr, M., Kurtz, B. E., Schneider, W., Turner, L. A., Borkowski, J. G. 1989. Strategy acquisition and transfer among German and American children: Environmental influences on metacognitive development. Developmental Psychology, 25, 765-771. Chamot, A.U. and Kupper, L. 1989. Learning Strategies in Foreign Language Instruction. Foreign Language Annals, 22, 13-24. http:www.actfl.org Cohen, A.D. 1999. Strategies in Learning and Using A Second Language. London: Longman. Cohen, A.D. 2003. Maximizing Study Abroad: An Instructors’ Guide to Strategies for Language and Culture Learning and Use. Minnesota: University of Minnesota. Flavell, J. H. 1979. Metacognition and cognitive monitoring: A new area of cognitive-developmental inquiry. American Psychologist, 34, 906-911. Flavell, J. H. 1987. Speculations about the nature and development of metacognition. In F. E. Weinert R. H. Kluwe Eds., Metacognition, Motivation and Understanding pp. 21-29. Hillside, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Garner, R. 1990. When children and adults do not use learning strategies: Toward a theory of settings. Review of Educational Research, 60, 517-529. Halpern, D. F. 1996. Thought and knowledge: An introduction to critical thinking. Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers. Hatch, E. and Farhady, H. 1982. Research Design and Statistics for Applied Linguistics. Los Angeles: Newbury House Publisher. Heaton, J.B. 1975. Writing English Language test. London: Longman. Herawati, Rismar Aprilia, 2011. The Influence of Students’ Motivation And Attitude Toward Their Reading Comprehension Achievement at the Second Year Students of SMA N 1 Lampung Selatan. Bandar Lampung: Lampung University. Unpublished script. Hughes. Arthur. 1989. Testing for Language Teacher. Great Britanian: Cambridge University Press. Livingston, J. A. 1996. Effects of metacognitive instruction on strategy use of college students. Unpublished manuscript, State University of New York at Buffalo. Oxford, Rebecca, L. 1990. Language Learning Strategies What Every Teacher Should Know. Heinle Heinle Publisher. Boston. Oxford, Rebecca, L. 1990. Use of Language Learning Strategies A Synthesis of Studies with Implication for Strategy Training. Pergamon Press Plc. Great Britain. Prasetyo, Anton Dwi. 2005. An Analysis of Learning Strategies Based on Oxford’s Strategy Systems in the Year 20042005. Unpublished Script Bandar Lampung. Priyana, J., Irjayanti Army, Renitasari, V. 2008. Scaffolding English for Junior High School Students Grade VIII. Jakarta: Pusat Perbukuan, Departemen Pendidikan Nasional. Roberts, M. J., Erdos, G. 1993. Strategy selection and metacognition. Educational Psychology, 13,259-266. Rubin, Joan. 1975. What the “Good Language Learners” Can Teach Us. Tesol Quaterly Vol 9. No.1. Scheid, K. 1993. Helping students become strategic learners: Guidelines for teaching. Cambridge, MA: Brookline Books. Setiawan, O. Djuharie. 2010. 1700 Bank Soal Bimbingan Pemantapan Bahas Inggris untuk SMAMA. Bandung: Yrama Widya.

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