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using new words in complete sentences. Vocabulary is acquired more naturally if students use it in full sentences, rather than memorizing word list. It is
emphasized over grammar. Although work on all four skills reading, writing, speaking, and listening occurs from the start, oral communication as seen as
basic. Thus reading and writing exercises are based upon what the students practice orally first. Pronunciation also receives attention right from the beginning
of a course. In this study, students should be encouraged to using English vocabulary
as much as possible by practice it, so they are not only memorizing the vocabulary list.
2.3 Framework of the Present Study
In this section the writer would like to talk about the framework of her present study.
According to Miller states that vocabulary is a key element in the second language class. While grammar is important for meaning, without vocabulary no
message is conveyed. Language learners are faced on a daily basis with the task of acquiring, and retaining, new vocabulary. One of the main tasks of a language
teacher, then, is to help students develop a sufficiently large vocabulary. Vocabulary is central of language. Words are the building blocks of a
language since they label objects, actions, ideas without which people cannot convey the intended meaning. The prominent role of vocabulary knowledge in
second or foreign language learning has been recently recognized by theorists and
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researchers in the field. Accordingly, numerous types of approaches, techniques, exercises and practice have been introduced into the field to teach vocabulary
Hatch Brown, 1995. It has been suggested that teaching vocabulary should not only consist of
teaching specific words but also aim at equipping learners with strategies necessary to expand their vocabulary knowledge Hulstjin, 1993, cited in Morin
Goebel, 2001. Because of it, the writer chooses Direct Method for her research study to
improve the students’ ability in mastery vocabulary because it is a method that refrains from using the learners’ native language and just uses the target language.
In this method, teaching vocabulary have done through pantomiming, realia and
other visuals and using English as much as possible in the classroom. It will emphasize to students that the English lesson is very different from
any other lesson in the school. It will help to maintain a good English speaking atmosphere, and it also will help students focus on learning and using the
language. Also, if the teacher gives them instruction, asks question, and makes comments in English, the students will have to listen carefully to what teacher say
all the time. This will keep them thinking in English because we only use a language well when we think in the language.
It is important to avoid translation as much as possible and make students think in that language. When teacher use classroom English, they are helping that
process. It means that the Direct Method is suitable for help to maintain a good English speaking atmosphere in classroom, and also help students focus on
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learning and using the language. Certainly, if the students are unfocused, they will stop enjoying English and this will become a real problem for the teacher.
Everyone learns better when they enjoy their lessons. When learners stop enjoying them, they will have more difficulties in learning the language and they will
become more difficult to teach. In the Direct Method, students practice vocabulary by using new words in
complete sentences. Vocabulary is acquired more naturally if students use it in full sentences, rather than memorizing word list. Teachers intend that students learn
how to communicate in the target language because the purpose of language learning is communication.
In order to do this successfully, students should learn to think in English. So it will make students to use many English vocabularies as much as possible in
this learning process. Beside that in this method, teacher and students are more like partners in
the teaching or learning process. Because it is important to create feeling of confidence in the students because it will help students overcome difficulties in
learning English as foreign language beside that it’s also motivate them to learn English better. The initiation of the interaction goes both ways, from teacher to
students and from students to teacher, and students also converse with one to another.
It means that the Direct Method is creating active learning in the learning process. To learn actively is better and more effective for the students than
learning passively. Active learning is better because it links words and phrase to
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action, objects, ideas, and people in a strong and positive way. This helps students learn and remember the vocabulary naturally. It will make students to use many
English vocabularies as much as possible, so automatically students able to improve their proficiency of vocabulary.
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CHAPTER III METHOD OF THE STUDY
This chapter presents method of the study which is divided into six sub sections. They are research design, object of the study, population and sample,
research variables, types of data, instruments of collecting data, procedure of collecting data, and technique of collecting data analysis.
3.1 Research Design
Research is a human activity based on intellectual investigation and is aimed at discovering interpreting and revising human knowledge on different
aspect of the world. According to Mursid Saleh 2007:2 pointed that research is a systemic attempt to provide answers to questions. Research is needed because it
will help to provide statements or opinions, beside that research will help to find solution of the cases or problems which human meet in their surrounding.
Basic research is concerned with the relationship between two or more variables. It as carried out by identifying a problem, examining selected relevant
variables through literature review, constructing hypothesis where possible, creating a research design to investigate the problem, collecting and analyzing
appropriate data, and then drawing conclusions about the relationships of the variables.
This study deals with methods for the study. It is very crucial in every research since it can be used to achieve the objectives of the study which have
been studied before. In this study, the writer would like to use quantitative
