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CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
This chapter presents the studies which were conducted previously before this research that divided into three stages, they are Review of the Previous
Studies, Theoretical Background, and Framework of the Present Study.
2.1 Review of the Previous Study
In this section the writer would like to talk about the study which where conducted before. This section explains about foreign language learning and the
principle in learning language.
2.1.1 Language Learning
Nowadays, learning a foreign language became an important thing since globalizations begin. We need to communicate and cooperate with other people
from other countries. Furthermore, the world has no limits and the communication technology develops very fast. Those condition forces people in all around the
world to have knowledge of foreign language that is used as international language that used for international communication concerning many aspect of
life. Wulanjani 2009:7 conducted research on teaching English vocabulary to
Children that English is taught as the first foreign language in Indonesia. It has been taught from elementary school, junior high school, and senior high school to
university for some semesters. Learning English as the first language is not easy.
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Students who are studying their mother tongue have not difficulty. Their minds are empty of the formulation of any languages. But for the students who are
studying a foreign language, their minds are full of other language, the concept of which does not appear to be adequate for this new language. For all their
similarities of the languages, the native language and the one have many differences in sound, writing system, and structure. Finocchiaro 1974: 12 states
that learning foreign language is different from learning native language because the students’ environment in achieving their first language and a foreign language
is different.
2.1.2 Principles of Learning Language
Nugraheni 2006:1 conducted research on teaching English in lyric of song that language is a means of communication. People use language to express
their ideas, to convey their message and so on. Ramelan 1972:16 states that language is a special characteristic of human because only human beings speak a
language language as a human criterion. Nevertheless, the ability to speak a language though innate in nature, it should be developed in a social group because
it can’t automatically acquired like the instinct of animal. According to Finocchiaro 1972:18, the language items should be
presented in the situation that will clarify meanings. She 1972:10 also pointed out that learning is favored when meaningful association is not only established
between sounds and concept but also between concept and culture or social situation.
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Based on the Direct Method, language education refers to the teaching and learning of a language. It can refer to improving a learner’s native language;
however, it is more commonly used with regard to second language acquisition that is the learning of a foreign or second language. As such, language education
is a branch of applied linguistics.
2.2 Theoretical Background
Kategori