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CHAPTER 3. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research design and methodology are a guide for a researcher to conduct a research in order to achieve the purpose of the research. This chapter consists of the
Types of research, population and sample, data collection, and data processing.
3.1. The Type of Research
This research belongs toqualitative research. Blaxter 2006:64 states that qualitative research tends to describe and explore the information or data without any
numerical process. However, this research provide data result in percentage but it is only be used to ease the further analysis and exploration.
3.2. Population and Sample
The object of this research is students of English Department academic year 20122013. The population is 116 active students. However, this research takes only
32 students as the participants as sample. According to Arikunto 2000:125 if the subject consists of hundreds of people, it will be reliable to take minimum 25 - 30
of the total people. Therefore, this research will take 25 from the whole population as the object. The participants are divided into 2 groups based on gender, 16 females
and 16 males.
3.3. Data Collection
The data are collected using role play and interview. Role play is divided into 2: closed and open role play. This research applies open role play. Open role play
is a way to collect data by putting two or more participants in a situation and they have to give interactional oral response MacKey and Gass, 2005:91. The data are
taken from 32 students of English Department academic year 20122013. After taking data by role play, the participants are interviewed to ask the reason why they produce
kind of utterances.
3.4. Data Processing
After collecting data, the data are proceeded by, first, separating the requests that are produced in the role playbased on the gender. Second, the answers are
classified based on the theory of request strategies Blum-Kulka, 1989 coded based on the types of request strategies, for example D Direct, CI Conventionally
Indirect, NCI Non-conventionally Indirect. Third, the answers that have been classified based on the theory of request strategies are put on the percentage, and then
they are analyzed using descriptive analysis. After processing the data, analysis is done using the theory of gender and
politeness based on the circumstances Lakoff, 2004, Holmes, 1992, Brown and Levinson, 1987. The data analysis shows how gender can influence the production of
request strategies based on the circumstances.
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CHAPTER 4. DISCUSSION
Kategori