2.2.2 Request and Request Strategies
Request is categorized as directive speech act. Yule 1996:54 states that directive is categorized as speech act which the speaker tends to ask someone else
the hearer to do something. Request can be given in positive or negative way. It depends on how the
speaker sends the message through utterances showing request. Blum-Kulka 1989 as cited in Jalilifar and Hashemian 2011:791 and Purwanti 2014:10 classify the
request strategies based on level of directness into 9 points. a.
Direct Level 1.
Mood Derivable utterances which signal illocutionary force because the presence of grammatical mood of verb
Example: Leave me alone.
Clean up that mess, please. 2.
Performatives utterances in which the illocutionary force is explicitly named
Example: I tell you to leave me alone.
I’m asking you to clean up the kitchen. 3.
Hedged performatives utterances in which hedging expressions modify thenaming of the illocutionary force
Example: I would like to ask you to leave me alone.
I would like to ask you to clean up the kitchen. 4.
Obligation statements utterances which arestated for the hearer to carry obligation act
Example: You’ll have to move your car.
You’ll have to clean up the kitchen. 5.
Wants statements utterances which state the speaker’s need to the hearer to carry out the act
Example: I want you to move your car.
I really wish you’d clean up the kitchen.
b. Conventionally Indirect Level
6. Suggestory formulae utterances which have a suggestion to do something
Example: How about cleaning up?
Why don’t you come and clean up the mess you made last night?
7. Query prepatory utterances containing reference to prepatory conditions
such as abilitywillingness as conventionalized any specific language Example:
Would you mind moving your car? Could you clean up the kitchen?
c. Non-conventionally Indirect Level
8. Strong hints utterances containing partial reference to object or element
model for implementation of the act Example:
The game is boring. You have left the kitchen in a right mess.
9. Mild hints utterances that make no reference to the request proper but are
interpretable as request by context Example:
I’m a nun. We have been playing this game for over an hour now.
This theory is used for qualifying and identifying the request strategies that are made by students of English Department, Jember University academic year
20122013.
2.2.3. Face Threatening Act FTA
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