Research Method Research Setting Research Participants

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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

In this chapter, the researcher discusses the methodology used in conducting the research. The research methodology consists of six parts. They are the research method, research setting, research participants, instruments, data gathering technique, data analysis technique and research procedure.

A. Research Method

In order to answer the research problems, the researcher employed survey method in this research. As it is stated by Wiersma 1995 “Surveys are used to measure attitudes, opinions, or achievements – any number of variables in natural setting” p.169. As Johnson and Onwuegbuzie write, “What is most fundamental is the research question-research methods should follow research questions in a way that offers the best chance to obtain useful answers” as cited in Ary, Jacobs Sorensen, 2010, p.24. Therefore, the researcher utilized observation, questionnaire, and focus group discussion as the research instruments. Questionnaires and focus group discussion are commonly used to collect data related to inner experience, opinions, values, interest, beliefs, and attitudes Gall Borg, 2007, p.263. Besides, Gall and Borg 2007 also state that an observation is also needed because by observing the participants’ behaviour would provide the researcher with more accurate or objective data p.263. 24

B. Research Setting

This research was conducted in the English Language Education Study Program of Sanata Dharma University, Yogyakarta. This research was conducted from May until June 2012. The participants were the students who were taking Microteaching class in the academic year 20112012.

C. Research Participants

The participants of this research were mostly the sixth semester of Sanata Dharma University students who were taking Microteaching class in academic year 20112012. They were the students of English Language Education Study Program at Sanata Dharma University. The researcher took all the Microteaching classes, they were classes A, B, C, D, E, F, and G. There were 145 questionnaires distributed. There were 110 participants who filled in and returned the questionnaire. Since it would be difficult for the researcher to research a very large population, the researcher limited the participants. The researcher used purposive sampling in selecting the participants. “In purposive sampling, sample elements judged to be typical, or representative, are chosen from the population” Ary, Jacobs Sorensen, 2010, p.156. Here, all the research participants had experienced both the peer-teaching performance and teaching the lower semester students. The researcher believed that the participants had experience in implementing all the basic teaching skills that need to be master in Microteaching class, especially the questioning skill. Therefore the researcher expected that the 25 participants were able to provide meaningful data that were needed for this research. The researcher selected 55 participants as the sample from the ELESP students who were taking Microteaching class in the academic year 20112012. The researcher distributed the questionnaire to all participants, and then conducted the focus group discussion merely to 19 students . These 19 students were selected after they answered the questionnaire distributed by the researchers, who involved in this collaborative research. By selecting these 19 students, the researcher expected that they could express their opinions and perception in more detail about their perception on their questioning skill performance in Microteaching class. Moreover, this focus group discussion could strengthen the data that had been gathered. Thereby the researcher could answer the questions stated in the research problems. The researcher also observed 14 students from 7 different classes. The researcher chose 2 students from each class to be representatives. The researcher observed the students by watching their teaching performance through videos.

D. Instruments and Data Gathering Technique