systems- that provides the central action and interest in any literary plot 1989:1162.
3. Message Message is any communication sent from one person to another, an errand,
an official communication of president, governor, etc, to a legislature or council; the teaching that a poet, sage, prophet, has to communicate to the world
Davidson, G.W., M.A. Seaton, J.Simpson, 1994: 604. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
CHAPTER II THEORETICAL REVIEW
A. Review of Related Studies
This is the section to review other related studies that are previously done by other writers on the same topic. Here, the writer is going to see what those
other writers have said about the work under study in discussing the same topic. Besides, at the end of this section, the writer would like to show how the
undergraduate thesis is different from the other study. Doing the library research, the writer points to two undergraduate thesis
done by the students of Sanata Dharma that are Juli Purnami’s The Possible Messages Seen from the Main Character and the Conflicts in Robert Louis
Stevenson’s The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde and Helena Patricia Dahat’s The Revelation of Message through the Main Characters and the
Conflicts of Thomas Hardy’s Jude the Obscure. Although both the studies talks about the same idea and intrinsic elements of the stories that are the character, the
conflicts, and the messages, the writers do not always be parallel in doing the analysis. The similarity takes place on the problems they formulate and the
theories they apply. First, the problem refers to the description of the main character. Second, the problem refers to the revelation of the conflicts the main
character owns. Third, the problem refers to the messages obtained after analyzing the previous problems. While, there are three theories Purnami and Dahat employ
in doing the discussion i.e. the theory of character and characterization, the theory of conflict, and the theory of message.
Purnami’s study on Stevenson’s novel entitled The Strange Case of Dr. Jeckyll and Mr. Hyde
that talks about the duality aspects of human nature focuses on the figures of Dr. Jeckyll and Mr. Hyde as the main character. The study purely
concern with the content of the story itself without employing any external aspects such as the society, the author’s biography as its reference. The writer, therefore,
applies the objective criticism as the approach since this approach emphasizes on the work it self.
The two names mentioned above actually refer to the same person in that Dr. Jeckyll represents the good side, while Mr. Hyde represents the evil side.
Purnami then tries to reveal three conflicts the main character own by having the double life. The first conflict is the main’s character internal conflict in that he
feels guilty and suffers from the things he has done. The conflict between Dr. Jeckyll and another person is the second conflict. Dr. Jeckyll lies to Mr. Utterson,
his old friend, about his secret therefore Mr. Utterson gets angry at him. The third conflict is the conflict between Dr. Jeckyll and God. He regrets doing his
experiment that has opposed what God has determined. He finally feels depressed and asks help from God to release him from his suffering.
As the result of her analysis toward the main character and his conflicts, the writer then states the message of
Stevenson’s The Strange Case of Dr. Jeckyll and Mr. Hyde
. The message mentioned by the writer is that there are always two sides or personalities in human being, bad and good side, that are inseparable.
The next review will be on Dahat’s work in revealing the messages of Thomas Hardy’s Jude the Obscure. It is the tragic story of Jude, a working-class
man who aspires to be a clergy but is thwarted by the social system and his entanglement with woman and also about his love affair with his own cousin that
causes trouble and misery due to the social disapproval. This study is different from Purnami’s in which it applies the sociocultural-historical approach since the
study deals with the sociocultural-historical context of the novel that was written during the Victorian age. Therefore, Dahat also gives the review on Victorian
society in her undergraduate thesis. The first analysis about the main character’s description show that Jude
Fawley is actually honest, compassionate, honorable, hard working, persistent, and ambitious. He undergoes internal and external conflicts. His internal conflicts
lay on his personalities as a conventional, religious, and traditional Victorian that leads him to his ambition to be a clergy. However, he immediately turns to be
skeptical and embittered about his conviction by the influence of Sue Bridehead. In the other words, the internal conflict of the main character is the collision
between Jude’s intellectual and emotional sides. Meanwhile, the external conflicts are shown through his conflict with the society that disapproves his love affair
with his cousin. It means that it is the conflict between individual and society. The analysis of the main character and his internal and external conflicts
recited in the story enable Dahat to reveal the message. According to her, it is revealed that Hardy’s Jude the Obscure tries to suggest a refinement of Victorian
social system from the snobbish, rigid, and orthodox social system into a PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
