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6 Suatu paragraf yang dikembangkan dengan baik mengandung arti bahwa topik paragraf tersebut dikembangkan secara tepat dan proporsional sehingga pembaca mendapatkan informasi lengkap tentang topik tersebut. Paragraf yang dikembangkan dengan baik dapat dilakukan melalui penyajian contoh-contoh, penjelasan, argumen, analisis, deskripsi atau informasi yang lain. “A well developed paragraph articulates a main point, gives examples that demonstrate that main point, and explains the significance of those examples. A well developed paragraph leaves the reader feeling that the information given is thorough and complete”. Sumber:https:www.sdcity.eduPortals0CMS_EditorsEnglishCenter Suatu paragraf ilmiah terdiri atas unsur-unsur berikut ini: a. Kalimat utama a topic sentence. Topik merupakan hal pokok dari suatu paragraf yang berfungsi sebagai pengontrol gagasan. Contoh : “Taiwan’s coastal geography greatly influences Taiwanese” b. Explanasi dari pengontrol gagasan. Bagian ini memberikan lebih banyak informasi tentang topik. Contoh : “Taiwan is an island, and fishing has traditionally supplied an abundance of fresh fish and seafood.” c. Kalimat pendukung a supporting detail, kutipan quote, atau contoh example. Unsur-unsur ini mengilustrasi topik. Contoh : “Oysters are an especially common ingredient in Taiwanese food. They appear in dishes such as oyster omelet and oyster vermicelli, both of which are popular street foods.” d. Explanasi atau analisis tentang bagaimana kalimat pendukung, kutipan, atau contoh-contoh yang saling berhubungan dengan topik. 7 Contoh : “The ready availability of such shellfish makes them a staple in Taiwanese cuisine.” Ciri-ciri Kalimat Utama yang baik: 1. Kalimat Utama yang baik mengindikasikan ketepatan hingga akhir paragraf. Weak example: • People rarely give firefighters the credit they deserve for such a physically and emotionally demanding job. The paragraph is about a specific incident that involved firefighters; therefore, this topic sentence is too general Stronger example: • During the October riots, Unit 3B went beyond the call of duty. This topic sentence is more specific and indicates that the paragraph will contain information about a particular incident involving Unit 3B. 2. Kalimat Utama yang baik berisi topik dan pengontrol gagasan atau opini. Weak example: • In this paper, I am going to discuss the rising suicide rate among young professionals. This topic sentence provides a main idea, but it does not present a controlling idea, or thesis. Stronger example: • The rising suicide rate among young professionals is a cause for immediate concern. This topic sentence presents the writer’s opinion on the subject of rising suicide rates among young professionals. 3. Kalimat Utama yang baik itu jelas dan mudah diikuti. Weak example: 8 • In general, writing an essay, thesis, or other academic or nonacademic document is considerably easier and of much higher quality if you first construct an outline, of which there are many different types. This topic sentence includes a main idea and a controlling thesis, but both are buried beneath the confusing sentence structure and unnecessary vocabulary. These obstacles make it difficult for the reader to follow. Stronger example: • Most forms of writing can be improved by first creating an outline. This topic sentence cuts out unnecessary verbiage and simplifies the previous statement, making it easier for the reader to follow 4. Kalimat Utama yang baik tidak mengandung kalimat penjelas. Weak example: • Salaries should be capped in baseball for many reasons, most importantly so we don’t allow the same team to win year after year. This topic sentence includes a supporting detail that should be included later in the paragraph to back up the main point Stronger example: • Introducing a salary cap would improve the game of baseball for many reasons. This topic sentence omits the additional supporting detail so that it can be expanded upon later in the paragraph 5. Kalimat Utama yang baik menarik perhatian pembaca karena menggunakan kosakata yang menarik. Weak example: • The military deserves better equipment. This topic sentence includes a main idea and a controlling thesis, but the language is bland and unexciting. Stronger example: