2 The hortatory exposition uses mental process, material processes and
relational processes. The use of mental processes is to state what the writer thinks or feels about issue. For example: realize, feel, and appreciate. The
material process is used to state what happens. For example: is polluting, drive, travel, spend, and should be treated. The last is the relational processes. It is
used to state what is or should be. For example: does not seem to have been, and is.
3 The hortatory exposition text uses simple present tense.
Gerot and Wignell state that “Hortatory exposition differs from analytical exposition in that the latter argues that X is the case. Hortatory exposition argues
that X ought or ought not to be or should or should not to be the case”. The hortatory exposition text has the recommendations and the analytical exposition
text does not have recommendations. Based on the explanation, I can conclude that hortatory exposition text is
a piece of text that persuades the readers to believe something. Hortatory exposition text also has recommendation.
2.2.5 Framework of Analysis
This study is an experimental research conducted as an effort to solve problems of teaching reading specifically hortatory exposition text. In some cases,
students‟ interest and mastery of reading hortatory exposition texts are not satisfying. This research I want to know the effectiveness of DRTA in teaching
hortatory exposition texts for senior high school students.
This study is conducted by using Directed Reading Thinking Activity as a method of teaching and learning. DRTA is considered as an interesting method in
reading exposition text for eleventh grade students in Senior High School. The advantages of DRTA are hoped to help students to understand hortatory
exposition text. The steps of my research is showed by diagram below:
Diagram 2.1 Research Design
CHAPTER III
Try out
Pre test
Treatments
Posttest
23
CHAPTER III METHOD OF INVESTIGATION
This chapter is divided into six sections. They are research design, population and sample, research variables, instruments, procedures of collecting
data, and method of the data analysis.
3.1 Research Design
This subchapter discusses quantitative approach, and experimental research. Each of this discussion is presented as follows:
3.1.1 Quantitative Approach
Research was considered formal and systematic process to get solution of the problem on scientific method. Best 1981:18 states
that ”research may be defined as the systematic and objective analysis and recording of controlled
observation that may lead to the development of the generalizations, principles, theories, resulting in prediction and possible ultimate controls of events”.
Research was based on experiences and empirical evidences. I used research methodology to analyze the data of the research.
Research methodology was very important in research process. The quality of the research result depended on the research method. In this research, I chose
quantitative approach to analyze the data. Best 1981:154 states that ”quantification has been defined as a numerical method of describing observations
