Technique of Analyzing Data
G. Technique of Analyzing Data
In order to find the different effect between experimental and control group, the t-test formula was applied. The formula was stated as the following:
Where:
= Average value of sample group owning highest score
= Average value of sample group owning lowest group
= Standard deviation merger
In this research, the data obtain from the experiment and control class. To significantly whether there was effect of dictogloss technique on students’ achievement in writing descriptive text, the researcher should do the requirement test at the first by using normality and homogeneity test.
1. Normality Test
Normality test used to determine if a data set was well-modelded by a normal distribution and to compare how likely it was random variable underlying the data to be normally distribution. The normality test of variable
X used Lilifors test : Perception , , …. , made permanent number , , ….. , by formula :
Where : X = Score of student = Mean Score S = Standard Deviation
To every this permanent number and by using enlist of permanent normal
distribution, and then calculated the opportunity F( )= ( ≤ ) Here in after calculated a proportion , , ……
the smaller is equal to
Count the difference F ( ) − ( ) and then determine its absolute price Take the biggest price among absolute price among absolute price the
difference. Mention the price the . If
obtained from critical value price test the Liliefors with real level = 0.05, hence distribution normal
2. Homogenity Test
To test whether variants of both homogenous sample, used by two variants equality test, that is :
F=
Here in after compare with the table F.
Its criterion if
, so both sample are homogenous.
After the writer found whether both groups have normal distribution and homogenity. The writer will be used validity test to find out the instrument valid or not, and realibility test to consistency and accuracy in scoring.
3. Validity of the test
Validity refers to the extent which the results of an evaluation procedure serves the particular uses for which they are make intended. It was important to measure the students’ achievement in writing.
The formula applied to find out the validity of the test is:
P= ∑
Where : P
: Index of difficulty ∑ : Right Answer ∑ : Number of sample
4. Reliability of the test
Realibility was the consistency of a test, survey, observation, or other measuring device. Reliability means consistency and accuracy in scoring that would have come from one measure which is investigated. Realibility is one of the characteristic of good test. It refers to the consistency of the measurement. The test in this study used writing test form. The scoring of the writing test Realibility was the consistency of a test, survey, observation, or other measuring device. Reliability means consistency and accuracy in scoring that would have come from one measure which is investigated. Realibility is one of the characteristic of good test. It refers to the consistency of the measurement. The test in this study used writing test form. The scoring of the writing test
r : the reliability of the test n
: Number of students ∑ : sum of rate I (R1) ∑ : Sum of rate II (RII)
5. Hypothesis Test
The hypothesis to be tested in the form :
Ho : µx = µy Ha : µx = µy
Where:
H 0 : null hyphothesis
Ha : alternative hyphothesis µx : the mean score of the students’ teach by using Dictogloss technique
µy : the mean score of students’ teach by using Dictation technique