1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Context
This assessment in Quy Nhon City has been carried out within the framework of the Asian Cities Climate Change Resilience Network ACCCRN, supported by the
Rockefeller Foundation. The network aims to catalyse attention, funding, and action
on building climate change resilience for poor and vulnerable people by creating robust models and methodologies for assessing and addressing risk through active
engagement and analysis of the participating cities. There are three participating cities in Vietnam: Quy Nhon, Da Nang, and Can Tho. The main local partner in each
city is the People’s Committee. The People’s Committees are formally assigned by central government to respond to climate change at the city level.
This study is one of a series of steps being carried out in the early stages of the resilience-building process in cooperation with the Binh Dinh Provincial People’s
Committee, Quy Nhon City People’s Committee, and other institutions at the city level and lower local levels - District, WardCommune, VillageSection. Other steps
being carried out between 2009 and 2010 are: 1 Shared Learning Dialogues SLDs with local government and civil society series
of workshops 2 City Climate Impact Assessments
3 Pilot projects 4 Community Based Disaster Risk Management CBDRM Training
5 Awareness raising for private sector and youth 6 City Climate Change Resilience Action Planning
This assessment was coordinated by Challenge to Change, a British NGO focusing on climate change issues in Vietnam, in cooperation with city-level government and
non-government counterparts. In order to obtain a balanced view of the hazards and vulnerabilities of Quy Nhon
City, the assessment was carried out in two sample areas of the city – one a so- called urban area, and the other a so-called rural area. The subdivisions of an urban
district are called Wards, while the subdivisions of rural districts are called Communes. This assessment was carried out in
Nhon Binh Ward urban area and
in Nhon Ly Commune rural area.
1.2 Quy Nhon City
Quy Nhon City is the capital of Binh Dinh Province. It is a coastal city, a second-rank city as classified by the central government, situated in the southeast of the province.
It is 1,065km from Hanoi in the north and 690km from Ho Chi Minh City in the south.
The terrain of Quy Nhon City is diverse, including mountains, hills, forests, sea, rivers, lagoon and lakes. Its ecosystem includes primeval forests in the Cu Mong
mountain pass, and a wide variety of species of fauna in Thi Nai Lagoon, Phuong Mai Peninsula, which is 22km from the city centre. The city includes one island Nho
Commune – the Green Isle.
Climate is tropical with high humidity, with two seasons, the dry season from January to August, and the rainy season from September to December. Average temperature
during the year is 27.1 C, highest temperature is 40.7
C and lowest temperature is 15.5
C. Annual average wind speed was 1.8ms in 1976. The fastest recorded wind Page 4
speed is 40.0ms, that is force 14. Average of humidity during the year is 79 and average annual rainfall is 1846mm, with total of rainy daysyear is 137 days; the
biggest rainfall in a day is 338mm. The total area of the city is 286 km
2
and the population is 268,000.
Trade-services occupies a majority in the economic structure of Quy Nhon City 45, the next is industries- construction making up 35 and the rest is agro-forest
and fisheries. There are 13 out of total 21 administrative wardscommunes engaged in agro- forest and fisheries with more than 10.000ha for rice paddy fields, 1,000ha
for cash crops and more than 10.000 ha of unused land and forestry land. The trend of urbanization and industrialization has been recently taking place in the city, which
is in line with the common situation throughout the nation.
With total land area of 286km
2
, the city has residential areas with coastal line living areas inhabited by around 50,000 residents in 3 peninsular communes and one
island commune and part of Tran Phu and Hai Cang wards. There are approx 300ha of tourist zones and other coastal infrastructure facilities: Quy Nhon Port complex,
Nhon Hoi- fishing port and fishery support facilities, fishery products processing plants, fishing vessel repair enterprises, petrol stations. Water source is mainly
groundwater collected from riverside areas of Ha Thanh river, approx 53.000m
3
per day. The underground culverts system and gravity pipeline, outlet invert level about
0.3-0.6m lower than the flood-tide level. The network of ponds, lakes and lagoon control the volume of storm water, thus reducing the urban flooding.
Trends of climate change in Quy Nhon City are sea level rise, coastal and river bank erosion, wider expansion of flooded area, prolonged period of drought, destructive
typhoons and salinised sources of fresh water which have affected seriously on existing key construction works and infrastructure system. Hence, the current status
of construction works and urban infrastructure facilities needs to take into account of some issues; e.g revision of urban development plan in line with projections for
impacts of climate change. The city should have a proactive distribution of populations and production in consistency with land shrinking, resulted from the sea
level rise, coastal and river erosion, wider expansion of flooded areas. In addition, the adjustment of drainage system should be done in consistency with higher rainfall
intensity and increased flooding. Equally important, there should be an attention to be paid to the elevation of marine works such as sea ports, vessel repair plants and
fishing port due to sea level rise.
Table 1: Selected socio-economic variables for Quy Nhon City and Binh Dinh Province
Socio-economic data Quy Nhon City
Binh Dinh Province Area km
2
286 6,039 Population, 2007
268,000 1,578,890
Population Density personkm
2
938 235 Urban Population
21 24
Poverty rate 4.5
11.35 Key Economic Sectors
Agroforestry fisheries Industry construction
Trade services 20
35 45
7 43
50
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2. METHODOLOGY 2.1
