Slide Slid
Stand Stood
Understand Understood
Withstand Withstood
Win Won
3. All Three Principal Parts Are Alike
Bet Sometimes betted for the past tense and the past participle
Bid Meaning offer money at an auction
Broadcast Sometimes broadcasted for the past tense and the past
participle Burst
Cast Cost
Cut Hit
Hurt
Knit Also knitted for the past tense and the past participle
Let Put
Read Rid
Set Shed
Shut Slit
Spit Sometimes spat for the past tense and the past participle
Split Spread
Thrust
4. First and Third Principal Parts Are Alike
Come Came
Come Become
Became Become
Overcome Overcame
Overcome Run
Ran Run
5. First and Second Principal Parts Are Alike
Beat Beat
Beaten or Beat
8
From the classification made by Marcella Frank above, it can be concluded that there are five ways in which the verbs change irregularly. First, a verb irregularly
changes when its simple form, past tense, and past participle are different like in the words
“drink, drank, drunk” or “break, broke, broken”. Second, a verb is called as an irregular verb when its form of past tense and past participle are the same. It can
be found in the words “hold, held, held” or “sleep, slept, slept”. Third, a verb is
irregular when its three principal parts are alike such as: “cut, cut, cut” or “read,
read, read ”. The fourth is an irregular verb which has the sameness in its simple and
past participle form. In other words, it has the difference only in its past form such as: “come, came, come” or “run, ran, run”. The last one is an irregular verb which is the
same in the first and the second part, meanwhile the third part is different. It can be found in the words
“beat, beat, beaten”
8
Marcella Frank, Modern English Grammar, New Jersey: Prentince-Hall, Inc., 1972. pp. 61-66.
B. Song and Its General Function
Song is important to huma n’s life. It is inseparable to any elements of people:
from children to adults. They like to listen to the song whenever and wherever they want to. As Guglimenio in
Reasons for Using Songs in the ESLEFL Classroom by Kevin Schoepp stated, “adults sing at religious services, bars, in the shower, and
listening to the car radio ”.
9
Meanwhile, Kevin said that “Songs have become an integral part of our language experience, and if used in coordination with a language lesson they can be
of great value ”.
10
In other words, songs take an important part in language, and if they are used as the medium of learning appropriately they can be very useful. It is
because songs create an enjoyable and non-threatening situation in the classroom. They can also break the class routine which might be boring for students. As Lo and
Li stated in the internet TESL Journal, they stated that songs could provide a break from classroom routine, and that learning English through songs could also develop a
non-threatening classroom atmosphere in which the four language skills can be enhanced. Thus, by providing an enjoyable situation in the classroom, students are
supposed to retrieve the material well.
1. Meaning of Song
There are some definitions about song that can be found through some references.
According to Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, Song is a short piece of music with words that people sing.
11
Furthermore, Noah Webster’s dictionary stated that songs are: a.
A piece of music sung or as if for singing
9
Kevin Schoepp, Reasons for Using Songs in the ESLEFL Classroom, 2001, Retrieved from http:iteslj.org http:iteslj.orgArticlesSchoepp-Songs.html on September 26, 2010 at 04.46 p.m.
10
Kevin Schoepp, Reasons for Using Songs in the ESLEFL Classroom…
11
A S Hornby, Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, Oxford University Press, 2000. p.
1281.
