Code-mixing REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

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2.3 Code-mixing

Code is a term which refers to a variety. Variety is a sociolinguistics term referring to language in context. It is a set of linguistics form used under specific social circumstance, i.e. with distinctive social distribution. Variety is therefore a broad term, which includes different regional language, different accents, different linguistic style, different function and dialects. The term code can not be separated from two phenomenal terms namely code-mixing and code-switching. Those are terms in bilingualism for language and especially speech that draws to differing extends at least two languages combined in different ways. Most nations have speakers of more than one language. Those speakers routinely use two or three languages in their conversational exchange. Code- switching is the inevitable consequence of bilingualism. One of the most striking phenomena in bilingual‟s performance is the occurrence of the seemingly mixing of two languages and know as code-mixing. Bilingual speakers may utilize code-mixing as a marker in-group identity in various intra-group bilingual community. It may occur because speakers want to show their solidarity and familiarity each other. In principle, code-mixing is the mixing from one language into the structure of other language in the same utterance. It is the embedding of various components of language such as word, phrase, clause and even sentence from a cooperative activity where the participants in order to infer what is intended. In this case, Code-mixing involves components of language such as word, phrase, 8 clause and even sentence in the same utterance. The components of language between two languages involved do not influence its structure. Code-mixing is well-known traits in the speech pattern of the average bilingual in any human society. Code-mixing occurs in bilingual communication by using more than one language. In sociolinguistics study, code-mixing is often discussed inseparably although this is hard to differentiate. Code-mixing is mixing two languages where there is main code used in its function but contrastive condition with another one involved which is only as pieces in the utterance of code mixing.

2.4 The Factors of Code-mixing Usage