Structural Analysis ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS

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CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS

A STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ON THE ACT OF VIOLENCE INCHARLES PERRAULT’S LITTLE THUMB

4.1 Structural Analysis

In this chapter, the writer will try to analyzewhat are the act of violence and the causes of violence that can be found in the Little Thumb Legend. Episode 1: One Night Before Banishment There lived woodcutter and his wife and their seven children, all boys. Their youngest child was very little and when born no bigger than one’s thumb, for which reason they called him Little Thumb. They have very little to eat, and once, when there is a great famine in the land. So one evening the woodcutter gives advice her wife toabandon their children into the thick forest due to food shortage. The woodcutter was sitting with his wife at the fire, and he said to her, You see plainly that we are not able to keep ourchildren, and I cannot see them starve to death before my face. I am resolved to lose them in the woods tomorrow, which may very easily be done; for, while they are busy in tying up the bundles of wood, we can leave them, without their noticing. But his wife doesn’t agree with her husband Ah cried out his wife; and can you yourself have the heart to take your children out along with you on purpose to abandon them? 21 Little Thumb tried to know what his father said to her mother ‘He lay in his bed, that they were talking very busily, he got up softly, and hid under his fathers stool, in order to hear what they were saying without being seen.’ Little Thumb went to bed again, but did not sleep a wink all the rest of the night, thinking about what he had to do. He woke up early in the morning, and went to the riverside, where he stoops and fill the little pocket with small white pebbles as full as it would hold. Then he goes back to home. Episode 2: The First Banishment to The Forest They went all together on their way to the thick forest.But all the way into the forest, Little Thumb took the small white pebbles from his pocket and dropping it on all along the way. The woodcutter and his wife began their work and the children picked up the stick into bundles. The parents saw their children busy at their work, theyslipped away from themand back to home along a byway through the bushes. Then, the children saw they had been left alone, they cried as loudly as they could. But, Little Thumb kept silent because he knew very well how to return home again. He said to his brothers; Dont be afraid, brothers. Father and mother have left us here, but I will lead you home gain. Just follow me. They listened Little Thumb and finally they arrived at home but they afraid to go in and sat down the door while listening to what their parents were said. 22 Episode 3: Return Home When the woodcutter and his wife arrived home, the lord of the manor gave them ten crownswhich he had owed them a long while, and they never expected. The woodcutter ordered his wife to the butchers. When they had eaten, the woman said; Alas Where are our poor children now?” They would make a good feast of what we have left here; but it was you, William, who decided to abandon them. I told you that we would be sorry for it. “What are they now doing in the forest?” Alas, dear God, the wolves have perhaps already eaten them up. “You are very inhuman to have abandoned your children in this way. Finally the woodcutter lost his patience because of his wife still asked where their children is. His wife still crying out and still said; Alas Where are now my children, my poor children? Little Thumb and his brothers had arrived home and cry out together Here we are Here we are Her mother directly open the door and hug her children and said; I am so glad to see you, my dear children; you are very hungry and tired. And my poor Peter, you are horribly dirty; come in and let me clean you. 23 Banished to the Forest Trying to go Home  Figure 4.1. Structure of Episode 3 of Little Thumb The smart of Little Thumb trying to get home usingthe stones to mark in any way they travel. Then, finally they succeed to return home. Episode 4:The SecondBanishment to The Forest Because of the woodcutter and his wife’s money was all gone, they decide to abandon their children again to the thickest forest. The woodcutter tried talk to his wife secretly but all their plans were heard by Little Thumb. Early morning, Little Thumb woke up to pick up some pebbles but the door was locked securely. Before they went to the forest, the woodcutter gave a piece of bread for his children’s breakfast. However, Little Thumbcrumbled the bread in his pocket to throwing it in all along the way. ‘Their father and mother took them into the thickest and most obscure part of the forest, then, slipping away by an obscure path, they left them there. Little Thumb was not concerned, for he thought he could easily find the way again by means of his bread, which he had scattered along the way; but he was very much surprised when he could not find so much as one crumb.The birds had come and had eaten every bit of it up. They were now in great distress, for the farther they went the more lost and bewildered they became.’ HOME FOREST 24 Night came on, they became afraid because of a terrible high wind. Then, they heard the howling of wolves coming to eat them. Banished to the Forest Trying to go Home  Figure 4.2. Structure of Episode 4 of Little Thumb The second effort of the children to return home failed. Because they failed to get stone, so replace the stones with crumbs of bread, which in turn eaten by birds. Episode 5: Find The House and Meet The Ogre Little Thumb climbed the tree and he saw a glimmering light. He came down from the tree but he could not see the light anymore. However, he and his bother continued their way then he perceived the light again as they came out of the forest. At last, they came the house, knocked the door and a good woman opened the door. The woman ogre’s wife saw them that they were a good children and began weep and said to them; Alas, poor babies, where are you from? Do you know that this house belongs to a cruel ogre who eats up little children? HOME FOREST 25 But Little Thumb perceived his intention, and said, Ah dear madam, answered Little Thumb who, as well as his brothers, was trembling all over, what shall we do? If you refuse to let us sleep here then the wolves of the forest surely will devour us tonight. We would prefer the gentleman to eat us, but perhaps he would take pity upon us, especially if you would beg him to. The ogre’s wife believed that she could hide Little Thumb and his brothers from the ogre until morning so that she let them came in and had warm to themselves at fireplace. Episode 6: Occuring the acts of violence in Ogre’s house There is a great raps at the door. The ogre came home so the ogre’swife directly hid them unter the bed and opened the door. The ogre asked his supper and then sat down at the table. There was a sheep which still bloody and raw and wine drawn. But, he smell another one and saying, I smell fresh meat. His wife said, You can smell the calf which I have just now killed and flayed. I smell fresh meat, I tell you once more, replied the ogre, looking crossly at his wife, and there is something here which I do not understand. The ogre got up from his table and directly went toward to the bed, Ah, hah he said. I see then how you would cheat me, you cursed woman; I dont know why I dont eat you as well. It is fortunate for you that you are tough old carrion. But here is good game, which has luckily 26 arrived just in time to serve to three ogre friends who are coming here to visit in a day or two. The ogre dragged one by one from under the bed. Little Thumb and his brothers begged his pardon with the cruelest ogre. But the ogre did not having pity on them, he had already kill them. He took a knife, sharpened it on whetstone and approching the poor children. When he had already taken one of them, his wife said to him, Why do it now? Is it not tomorrow soon enough? Hold your chatter, said the ogre; they will be moretender, if I kill them now. But you have so much meat already, replied his wife. You have no need for more. Here are a calf, two sheep, and half a hog. That is true, said the ogre. Feed them so they dont get too thin, and put them to bed. The ogre’s wife heard it joy, and gavesupper for them, but Little Thumb and his brothers were afraid that they could not eat a bit. Then, the ogre sat down and drank a dozen glasses of wine more than ordinary, so that it made him sleepy. Little Thumb and his brothers had been put in a large bed. Obviously, they are in the bedroom of the Ogre’s seven little daughters. The ogre’s children wore a crowns of gold on each of their head. Little Thumb had observed it and he tried to change the ogre’s mind about not killed them. He woke up midnight, took his own and brother’s caps, put it on the head of the Ogre’s children and Little Thumb and his brothers wore the crowns of gold. The Ogre awakened about midnight and regret that he put off unti morning. He directly go out and picked up the knife. 27 Let us see, he said, how our little rogues are doingWell not make that mistake a second timeHe then went, groping all the way, into his daughters room. He came to the bed where the little boys lay. They were all fast asleep except Little Thumb, who was terribly afraid when he felt the ogre feeling about his head, as he had done about his brothers. Feeling the golden crowns, the ogre said, That would have been a terrible mistake. Truly, I did drink too much last night. Then he went to the bed where the girls lay. Finding the boys caps on them, he said, Ah, hah, my merry lads, here you are. Let us get to work. ‘So saying, and without further ado, he cut all seven of his daughters throats. Well pleased with what he had done, he went to bed again to his wife.’ Episode 7: Escaping from The Ogre Little Thumb heard the ogre snore, he wakened his brothers and told them to follow him. They walked softly into the garden then climbed the wall. The rannearly the night, not knew which they were gone. Early morning, the Ogre woke up and said to his wife, Go upstairs and dress those young rascals who came here last night. The ogre’s wife went up and she was suprised that she saw her children lied down in their own blood with their throats cut. She fainted away. The Ogre came to his wife because of she would be too long in doing what he had ordered. He was no less suprised what has happened. What have I done? he cried. Those wretches shall soon pay for this 28 He threw a pitcher of water on his wifes face, and, having brought her to herself, cried, Bring me my seven-league boots at once, so that I can catch them. The ogre ran this way with his seven-league boots and that over a vast amount of groud. Little Thumb and his brothers saw him crossing over mountain and rivers as easily as if they were little streams. Then, they hid in a nearby hollow rock. Evidently, the Ogre was very tired from his long journey and he decided to take a rest on the rock. He fell asleep and began to snore hardly. However, Little Thumb was not as afraid as his brothers and he told them to ran away towards home. His brothers took his advice and reached home soon. Episode 8: Return Home Little Thumb came to the ogre, he tried to pull off his boots and put on his feet. The boots were very large and long but they became big or little to fit who was wearing them because they were enchanted. Little Thumb directly went to the ogre’s house and he saw the ogre’s wife crying hardly for the loss of her murdere children. Your husband, said Little Thumb, is in very greatdanger. He has been captured by a gang of thieves, who have sworn to kill him if he does not give them all his gold and silver. At the very moment they were holding their daggers to his throat he saw me, and begged me to come and tell you the condition he is in. You should give me everything he has of value, without keeping back anything at all, for otherwise they will kill him without mercy. Because his case is so very urgent, he lent me his boots you see I have them on, that I might make the more haste and to show you that he himself has sent me to you. 29 Heard it, the good woman was being sadly, gave him all she had, for although this ogre ate up little children, he was a good husband. Thus Little Thumb got all the ogre s money. He returned with it to his fathers house, where he was received with great joy. Figure 4.3. Structure of Meaning of Forest The Meaning andFunction of Little Thumb The forest is a mysterious place, in legends and fairy tales, they are usually inhabited by mysterious creatures, symbols of all of the dangers with which young people must contend if they are to become adults. It is a place of testing, a realm of death holding the secrets of nature which man must penetrate to find meaning. Inanalytical psychology, the forest represents feminity in the eyes of a young man, an unexplored realm full of the unknown. It stands for the unconscious and its mysteries.The woodcutterand his wife abandon his children to the forest which is unknown place. It appears that the woodcutter really couldn’tkeephis children, so mean to vanish the traces of children, and the function of this legend to no affliction to have many children, if they all are good looking, courteous, and strong, but if one is sickly or slow-witted, he will be scorned, ridiculed, and despised. However, it is often the little urchin who brings good fortune to the entire family HOME UNKNOWN 30 Figure 4.4. Structure of Meaning of Home Based on the structure illustrated, can be seen that the child character in the story try to go home repeatedly. The writer find meaning in this story, where a child should be at home. Although they have been thrown into the forest and got lost, even to the end they were still trying to back home. Banished to the Forest Trying to Go Home Banished to the Forest Trying to Go Home HOME UNKNOWN HOME FOREST The woodcutter and his wife abandon their children to forest which is unknown place Find House and Meet TheOgre 31 Back to Home Figure 4.5. Structure of Little Thumb The views of the syntagmatic and paradigmatic diagram. Syntagmatic P a r a d i g m a t i The woodcutter wanted to banish his children The woodcutter and his wife took their children to the forest Their children could back to home Escaping from The Ogre Occur the acts of violence 32 c The woodcutter and his wife banish their child again Their child couldn’t back to home They find the ogre’s house They meet the ogre Occuring the acts of violence in Ogre’s house They escape from the ogre’s house They could back to home Stay Alive 33

4.2 The Causes of the Act of Violence in Little Thumb