Background of the Research

xii ABSTRAKSI 2010. The Intentions of Flouting the Conversational Principles and the Factors of the Smoothness of Communication. A study of Pragmatics. Skripsi: Fakultas Sastra dan Seni Rupa Jurusan Sastra Inggris Universitas Sebelas Maret. Penelitian ini adalah Deskriptif Kualitatif, yang fokusnya adalah pelanggaran maksim Grice dalam studi Pragmatik. Data diambil dari semua percakapan yang tergolong ke dalam pelanggaran terhadap prinsip-prinsip kerjasama di dalam film yang berjudul Gladiator. Naskah film diunduh dari internet pada tanggal 14 Maret 2009, dengan alamat website http:www.sfy.rusfy.html?script=gladiator.ts. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: 1 Untuk menemukan tujuan dibalik pelanggaran terhadap prinsip maksim kerjasama, 2 Untuk menggali dan menemukan faktor-faktor apa yang menunjang kehalusan komunikasi walaupun di dalam percakapan itu terjadi pelanggaran prinsip kerjasama. Ada dua tujuan pelanggaran prinsip maksim kerjasama. Pelanggaran Maksim Kuantitas bertujuan untuk menekankan pesan yang disampaikan oleh si pembicara, sedangkan pelanggaran Maksim Relevansi digunakan untuk menyangkal persepsi si pendengar. Ada dua faktor yang membuat komunikasi berjalan lancar ketika pelanggaran maksim terjadi di dalam sebuah percakapan. Adanya kesepahaman antara pembicara dan pendengar tentang latarsituasi adalah faktor pertama dari kelancaran komunikasi ketika pelanggaran maksim terjadi di dalam sebuah percakapan. Kedekatan antara pembicara dan pendengar di dalam sebuah percakapan menjadi faktor kedua dari kelancaran komunikasi walaupun pelanggaran prinsip kerjasama terjadi di dalam percakapan. Kata kunci: Pragmatik, Prinsip-Prinsip Kerjasama, Pelanggaran Maksim CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Research

No language means no communication. This statement is true when we observe the function of language as its function to the establishment and maintenance of human relationship. Since we are born, we have communicated each other to convey message, idea, illustration, and thought either by verbal or non verbal communication, by saying either explicit or implicit meaning. People xiii do not always say something directly to the speaker; the meaning is not directly and clearly stated. Whenever a speaker says something not directly, that the hearer should “unfold” the sentence to get the real meaning, this condition is what Grice called Flouting of Maxim. This phenomenon will lead the hearer to the misleading of communication if there is no mutual knowledge or background of knowledge between the speaker and hearer. It will be interesting for me as the writer to show to the readers about the phenomenon of flouting of maxim resulting Implicature by using film as the data. In film, we can see the context such as when, where, and why a particular utterance is being expressed, in which context will be the main instrument to “unfold” the implied meaning. Based on the phenomenon which is explained above, I want to conduct a research on language which is focused on Implicature of Pragmatics. The data were collected from the movie entitled “Gladiator”. I only picked the data which are related to the Implicature as what Jenny Thomas stated that people do not always or even usually say what they mean. Related to that statement, I want to know the intention of the flouting of the maxim which happens in the conversation. The second purpose to do the research in the field of Pragmatics especially Implicature is to explore what the factors that make the communication runs smoothly while the flouting of the maxim occurs in the conversation. It will be interesting topic to discuss since P.H Grice has stated that the effective and efficient communication will be achieved if the speaker obeys the Conversational Principles. xiv

1.2 Problem Statements