genetic origins complicated by trauma during pregnancy andor delivery, exacerbated by further neurological alterations that occur developmentally
during adolescence, and aggravated by psychological stressors prior to the clinical onset 2009:32.
Based on their statement, childhood is the time when children are fragile and could easily break, if they are experiencing trauma. This is the common signs
which most schizophrenics suffer. Durand in his book added and categorized those symptoms into three and five sub-parts, which are positive symptoms
including delusions and hallucinations, negative symptoms, and disorganized symptoms including disorganized speech and inappropriate affect and
disorganized behavior. Though, not all those symptoms are occu rred in Naoko‟s
characteristics as Durand states. To receive a diagnosis of schizophrenia, a person must display two or
more positive, negative, andor disorganized symptoms for a major portion of at least 1 month. Depending on the combination of symptoms displayed,
two people could receive the same diagnosis but behave very differently, one having marked hallucinations and delusions and the other displaying
disorganized speech and some of the negative symptoms 2006:1243.
1. Positive Symptom
According to Durand, Positive symptoms generally include the more active manifestations of abnormal behavior or an excess or distortion of normal
behavior; these include delusions and hallucinations.
a. Naoko’s Delusions
In Norwegian Wood, Naoko‟s delusions are shown in Naoko‟s behaviors
and reaction. As Durand has stated in his book: A belief that would be seen by most members of a society as a
misrepresentation of reality is called a disorder of thought content, or a delusion. Because of its importance in schizophrenia, delusion has been
called the basic characteristic of madness 2006:1231. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
Based on this theory and as it is identified in Naoko‟s expressionless
characteristics Naoko experiences delusion. in terms of conveying her love towards Toru. It is a delusional symptom because she thinks something that is not
true to be true . In this matter Toru mentions Kizuki‟s presence as it makes Naoko
delusional. Im not trying to make excuses, but I was in pain, I said to Naoko. Here I
was, seeing you almost every week, and talking with you, and knowing that the only one in your heart was Kizuki. It hurt 2000:135.
Toru utters that Kizuki is the only one in Naoko‟s mind which implies that she
believes Kizuki is somewhere still alive and for Naoko Tor u‟s existence seems to
be a replicate of Kizuki ‟s physical presence. Naoko‟s saying that she is unable to
have sex with Kizuki when he was alive emphasizes it. “And of course he wanted
to sleep with me. So we tried. We tried a lot. But it never worked. We couldnt do it. I didnt know why then, and I still dont know why
” 2000:135. For Naoko, this is the biggest hurdle that makes her misrepresent it, even though Kizuki is
already dead, she believes that he is alive within Toru‟s existence.
Naoko who changes into a loner after moving to Tokyo affects her to be a delusional person. The fact that she undergoes treatment in sanatorium is a real
proof that she has mental illness. Since the people in the sanatorium tend to be disassociated or isolated from the society.
Far from it: it might be more accurate to say the place is on the empty side. Its big and filled with nature and everybody lives quietly so quietly you
sometimes feel that this is the normal, real world 2000:104.
As Naoko has expressed, she believes that the sanatorium is the real world for her. The real world, where Naoko thinks that is a genuine world, is a place surrounded
by nothing but nature. This fits with the way Naoko thinks. Naoko always thinks that her world is represented by a well 2000:8. That well has nothing but
darkness and she is on the edge of that well. Naoko also mentions to Toru, “I get
confused by a lot of things that come from outside ” 2000:279. It means that the
outside world where Toru lives is giving her a strange impression it is the opposite of the sanatorium where Naoko lives. She implies that the sanatorium giving her a
peaceful thought. The misrepresentation of reality in which the people around Naoko is the real one and the people outside is unreal shows that Naoko has
delusion symptom. This is supported by Naoko‟s doctor comment who says that she has to communicate with the genuine real world 2000:106.
b. Naoko’s Hallucinations
