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2.11 Watershed Conservation 2.11.1 The Purposes of Water Resources Conservation
Water conservation is our common problem, therefore the issue of water conservation can be solved if we care about and actively participate on it. Basically,
we have the potential to damage as well as potential to improve the water that we have on this earth Suripin, 2002.
Watershed development refers to conservation, regeneration and judicious utilization of natural resources. It aims to bring about an optimum balance between
the demand and use of natural resources. When the optimum balance is reached, it will be sustainable over time Mazumdar, 2007.
The basic concept of water conservation is not a waste of water. Initially, water conservation are defined to store water and use it for productive purposes in
the future. Further, conservation lead to a water use efficiency, known as demand conservation. Good water conservation are combination of two concepts, there are
water saving when his excessive and use it as little as possible for specific productive purposes Suripin, 2002.
2.11.2 Water Resources Conservation Plan
Conservation activities of water resources based on UU no. 7 year 2004 and PP No. 42 year 2008 are defined :
1. Protection of water resources are the effort to secure sources of water from the damage caused by human actions and natural.
2. Preservation of water are the attempt to maintain the existence of water availability or the quantity of water, to be sustainable in accordance with the
functions and benefits. 3. Water quality management are the effort to maintain and restore the quality of
water that enter and stay in the source of water. Details of water resources conservation according to PP No. 42 of 2008 are :
1. Protection Conservation Of Water Resources -
maintaining the existence of the recharge and catchment areas. -
controlling of water sources uses -
water sources recharging -
sanitation infrastructure settings
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- protection of water resources in relation to development activities and
land use on the water sources -
soil cultivation controlling in the uplands -
setting border area of water resources -
forest and land rehabilitation -
conservation of protected forests, nature reserves, and nature conservation area.
2. Water Reservation a. store the excess water in the rain to be used in time of need. Water
storage can be done by developing rain water storage, pool and dam. b. effectively and efeciency uses.
c. groundwater controlling uses. 3. Management of Water Quality and Water Pollution Controlling
a. improve water quality at water sources and its infrastructure b. prevent water pollution at water sources and infrastructure resources
To avoid the effects as mentioned above, a partial of land use is required to provide 30 as forest area. It also classify the arrangement of space to be used as
protected areas and cultivation areas. So, the upstream is used as a protected area and the downstream is used as the cultivation area UU no. 26, 2007.
The conservation planning method occurred in three main phases. The first phase involved ranking lands for protection at the regional scale. Lands identified as
high priority formed discrete units called Conservation Focus Areas CFAs. The second phase consisted of ranking individual land parcels within the larger CFAs. A
third phase analysed threats and sources of threats in relationship to CFAs Kazmierski et al., 2004.
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3 CHAPTER III
BUPER WATERSHED DESCRIPTION
3.1 Location
