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This is then passed to a neighbour, who adds an answer, comment or further question again, in the from of a full sentence and passed it on to someone
else, and so on. The paper is not folded, so that all previous contributions are visible to each writer.
After about five contributions, students are invited to read out the results; these are often amusing
The activity can, of course, be done in pairs rather than by individuals. At the end of this activity, the teacher will inform the students that the next
meeting there will be a post test.
2.3.4 Experimental Research
In order to answer and prove the research hypothesis whether using Five-Minute Activities is significant for teaching descriptive text or not, an experimental
research design is chosen. “The experimental method is a systematic and scientific approach to research in which the researcher manipulates one or more variables,
and controls and measures any change in other variables” http:www.experimen-
resources.com According to http:www.okstate.edu, experimental research and
experimental design is explained as follows : “Experimental research is explained as an attempt by the researcher to maintain
control over all factors that may affect the result of an experiment. In doing this, the researcher attempts to determine or predict what may occur. Meanwhile,
experimental design is a blueprint of the procedure that enables the researcher to test his hypothesis by reaching valid conclusions about relationships btween
independent and dependent variables. It refers to the conceptual framework within which the experiment is conducted”.
Looking forward to the explanation, there are two variables :
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1 The independent variable
Independent variable X is the variable that the experimenter changes within a defined range. It is the variable in whose effect the experimenter is
interested. Based on the definition, the independent variable of this study X is the use of the Five-Minute Activities or the method of writing a descriptive text
for both groups. 2
The dependent variable Dependent variable Y is the variable that measures the influence of the
independent variable. Based on the definition, the dependent variable of this study Y is the students’ ability which is indicated by the students’ scores in writing a
descriptive text. Those two variables will be the focus of my study. Basically, this research
is conducted in order to find out the relationships between two variables or the influence a variable has on another variable. Therefore, research variables are
usually labeled independent variable and dependent one. The former is one that affects the other, whereas the latter is the one that the independent variable has
effect on.
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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES
This Chapter will explain Research Method, Subject of the Study, Variables of the Study, Methods of Experimental Research, Statement of Hypothesis, Research of
