examples of the types, teachers mentioning a word with pointing or bringing the items to the class.
3 translation, teachers translate the words into students first language.
8
Those are the technique used in teaching vocabulary in many classes. Teacher could choose one of the suitable ways to teach vocabulary from the
list presented above to teach their students. b. According to Nation, the meaning of word can be taught in many
different ways, such as: 1 by demonstration or pictures
using an object using a cut-out figure
using gesture performing an action
photographs blackboard drawing or diagrams
pictures from book 2 by verbal explanation
analytical definition, defines the word by analyzing the word from its elements.
putting new word in a defining context, teaching the word based on the context where the word use.
translating into another language, this technique can be used to save times; the teachers tend to give the translation of word in
the students first language.
9
8
Ruth Gairns and Stuart Redman, Working with Words: A Guide to Teaching and Learning Vocabulary. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986,pp. 73-76.
9
I. S. P. Nation, Teaching and Learning Vocabulary. Boston: Heinle Heinle Publishers, 1990, p. 51.
Technique of presenting meaning of word explained by Nation above that is usually used in English language classroom. Teacher usually uses
pictures from their textbook or translating the words into Bahasa Indonesia.
c. Allen offers several techniques in teaching vocabulary, they are: 1 using a new word in a sentence
2 using games, and 3 using pictures
10
According to Allen’s statement about techniques in teaching vocabulary, games are used as technique in teaching vocabulary to the
students in this research. Games were chosen as the technique in teaching new vocabulary because leads to creative and communicative vocabulary learning.
B. Games 1. The Meaning of Games
A game is one of the techniques used by teachers in teaching vocabulary. The teachers use games as creative and communicative technique
especially in teaching vocabulary, this way is chosen because teachers did not want to use the same practice over and over again.
Teachers needs to plan games they will use in the classroom that can make their students enjoying, convenient, comfortable and interested in
learning vocabulary. Wallace stated “The aim of vocabulary games and exercises are to develop student’s vocabulary and practicing it through games
in enjoyable activity”.
11
It means that games can be used as a new way to practice student’s vocabulary without forcing them to remember a set of
words.
10
Allen, op.cit, pp. 45-56.
11
Michael J. Wallace, Teaching Vocabulary. London: Heinemann Education Book, 1987, p. 104.
Furthermore Hadfield defined “A game is an activity with rules, a goal and element of fun”.
12
In line with Hadfield’s opinion the teachers could use any game that is appropriate to apply in their classes. The teachers also need to
plan the games so it can make students enjoy in learning vocabulary. Moreover Wright defined “Game as an activity in which is entertaining
and engaging, often challenging and activity in which the learners play and usually interact with others”.
13
It means games lead to a creative and communicative activity that is good break the same practice use in English
language classroom. From the definition above, the writer can say that game is an activity
which can be implemented in teaching vocabulary and it make students relax and feel happy in learning vocabulary, which can be carried out by a set of
rules and goals.
2. The Kinds of Games Use in Language Learning
a. Jill Hadfield divided games into two kinds, they are: 1 competitive games, in which players or teams race to be the first to
solve the games. 2 co-operative games, in which players or teams work together to
finish the game.
14
This kind of games presented by Hadfield is good to be applied in big classroom. The teacher could choose competitive or co-operative games to be
applied in their classes. It will help the teacher use games effectively in teaching vocabulary.
b. Moreover, Shaptoshvili mentioned nine kinds of games that the teacher could use in teaching vocabulary, they are:
12
Hadfield. loc. cit.
13
Andrew Wright, David Betteridge and Michael Buckby, Games for Language Learning. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006, p. 1.
14
Hadfield. loc. cit.
