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means that when a person makes a dialogue with another person, the other person can give respond well without difficulty.
3. Comprehension
Comprehensibility denotes the ability of understanding the speakers’ intension
and general meaning Heaton, 1991:35. It means that if a person can answer or express well and correctly, it shows that shehe comprehends or understand
well Putria, 2011:14.
From the two different definitions above, the researcher used the oral ability scale proposed by Heaton. It is because the study proposed by Heaton 1991
is simple. The three aspects proposed by Heaton’s have already covered the five aspects in Welty’s study.
2.1.1 Types of speaking
There are many kinds of speaking that students might use in their life activity. Brown 2001:250 says that much of our language teaching is devoted to
instruction in mastering English conversation. Brown classifies the type of oral language in two parts, monologue and dialogue. Monologue is divided in
two parts planned and unplanned. Dialogue is divided in two parts interpersonal and transactional.
Monologue
Planned Unplanned
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The first is monologue. Monologue means that when one speaker uses spoken language, as in speeches, lectures’ readings, new broadcast, and the like, the
hearer must process long stretches of speech without interrupting —the stream
of speech will go on whether or not the hearer comprehends. In planned, as it opposed to unplanned, monologue differs considerably in their discourse
structures Harris, 1969:81. For the example there are 5 kinds of monologue, they are narrative, recount, procedure, descriptive and report. Planned
monologue means that the students speak and telling something by writing the text before, while unplanned monologue means that the learners tell about
something spontaneously or they have already known about the story before.
The example below is one of the examples of monologue with topic past activity.
Student 1: Hello, good morning my friends. Here, I want to tell you about my vacation last week. Last vacation, my boyfriend and I went to
Ancol. We went to Ancol to see the Sea World. We went at 9 a.m. from my house by taxi. On the way, we bought Aqua and snacks at
Indomart. In Ancol, first we went to the Sea World. There was much kind of fish we saw. We were sometimes afraid of seeing very
big fish. At 4 o’clock, we went home. The trip was tiring, but my boyfriend and I enjoyed the trip very much.
Dialogue
Interpersonal Transactional
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The second is dialogue. Dialogue involves two or more speakers and can be subdivided into those exchanges that promote social relationship
interpersonal and those for which the purpose to convey proportional or factual information transactional. Transactional dialogue, which is carried
out for the purpose of conveying or exchanging specific information is an extended from of responsive language.
The example of dialogue is below with topic accepting and refusing an offer. Angga : Good morning, could I speak with Annisa please?
Annisa : Yes, I am Annisa. Angga : Oh, Hi Annisa. This is Angga. Are you busy tonight? I mean..
Would you like to come to my house tonight? Annisa : What is the occasion?
Angga : Well, my mom is cooking Rendang. You said that you would like to try West Sumatra food.
Annisa : Yes. What time do you want me to come? Angga : A
t seven o’clock. Annisa : Thank you. See you tonight, Angga.
From the explanation above, the researcher comes to the consideration that dialogue is the best type of speaking that will be analyzed in this research.
Because speaking by using dialogue type students can communicate in front of the class with herhis partner
and it also can build students’ confidence speaking in front of many people.
2.2 Concept of Learning Strategies
