Definition of Terms INTRODUCTION

pictorial representation of its meaning, using semantic maps, imaging word form, using keyword mnemonics, and connecting words to a personal experience, • Consolidation-cognitive, this strategy is similar to memory strategies but it is not focused on manipulative mental processing. They include repetition and use mechanical means e.g. note-taking, verbal repetition, written repetition, word lists, flash cards, and keeping a vocabulary journal or notebook • Consolidation-metacognitive, it is known as a strategy used by learners to control and evaluate their own learning, by having an overview of the learning process in general e.g. testing oneself with word tests, use of target language media, using spaced word practice and continuing to study a word over time. To be more specific, here is Schmitt’s taxonomy classifies vocabulary learning strategies as in the table below: Table 1. Classification of Taxonomy of Vocabulary Learning Strategies by Schmitt 1997 Discovery Strategies Consolidation Strategies Determination Strategies Social Strategies Social Strategies Memory Strategies Cognitive Strategies Metacognitive Strategies Analyse part of speech Ask teacher for an translation Study and practice meaning in group Associate the word with its coordinate Underline initial letter of the word Use English- language media songs, movies, newspaper, etc. Analyse affixes and roots Ask teacher for paraphrase or synonym of new word Teacher checks students’ word list for accuracy Connect the word to its synonym and anonyms Use the vocabulary section in your textbook Testing oneself with words tests Discovery Strategies Consolidation Strategies Determination Strategies Social Strategies Social Strategies Memory Strategies Cognitive Strategies Metacognitive Strategies Check for L1 cognate Ask teacher for a sentence including the new word Interact with native speakers Use semantic maps Use keyword method Use spaced word phases Analyse any available pictures or gesture Ask teacher for meaning Study word with a pictorial representation of its meaning Use “scales” for gradable adjectives Affixes and roots remembering Skip or pass new word Guess from textual context Discover new meaning through group work activity Imagine word meaning Memorizing list of facts by linking them to familiar words or numbers by means of an image Part of speech remembering Continue to study word over time Bilingual dictionary Connect word to a personal experience Rememberin g lists by picturing them in specific location Paraphrase the word meaning Monolingual dictionary Group words together to study them Use cognitive in study Word lists Group words together spatially on a page Use physical action when learning new word Flash card Use new word in sentence Keep a vocabulary notebook Group words together of a word Verbal repetition Study the spelling of a word Put English labels on physical objects