59 host, young gamelan orchestra singer, noted filmmaker can be promoted as titles
which indicate well-known job. Then, from the explanations above, it can be said that there are three
contexts where determiner deletions may happen. First, it is in coordination phrases where there are two objects share the same categories. Second, determiner
deletion may happen due to the economization factor. At last, determiner deletion may happen because the journalists follow the ‘Timestyle’ journalistic style
writing.
B. The Possible Effects of the Deletion
Out of forty-three cases of determiner deletion occurring in fifteen articles used in this study, there are two effects which can be concluded. The analysis of
the results is presented in the table below. Table 4.9. The Effects of Determiner Deletion in The Jakarta Post, The Jakarta
Globe and International New York Times No.
Effect Number
Example Occurence
Percentage 1.
The promotion of name expression into
status 20
46.5 Coach Jose
Mourinho
2. The
increase of
newsworthiness of the articles
and the
newspapers 23
53.5 his personal and
political reputation
Total 43
100
60 The first effect is the promotion of name expressions into status similar to
title such as ‘President,’ ‘Doctor,’ ‘Lady,’ and many other. For the first effect, there are twenty name phrase appositions out of forty-three determiner deletion
cases. These twenty cases are related to the ‘Timestyle’ apposition name phrase writing style. As what Quirk et al 1985 say that ‘Timestyle’ promotes the use of
appositional name phrase as a characteristic of the journalistic style. Since this kind writing style is adopted by Time magazine, which is a well-known American
magazine, it has more possibility to be adopted by other journalists. The possibility to be a standard writing style which promotes appositional name
phrase is proved by the twenty new titles found in The Jakarta Globe and The Jakarta Post. This also may proves that the Indonesian news writers try to make
their writing in English flawless by following ‘Timestyle.’ Besides, these new titles may promote additional title categories to the existing titles which indicate
royalty Queen, rank of nobility Lord, Lady, military rank major, inspector or academic or professional status doctor, judge. From the twenty appositional
name phrases presented in the table above, there are some titles which can be promoted into new title categories. The first title category includes apposition
name phrases which indicate activity in sport freestyle skiing pioneer, race team leader, coach, British former F1 champion, former Ferrari teammate, former
goaltending great, silver medallist. The second titles category includes those which indicate well-known or noticeable job human right activist, Indonesian
artist, political observer, young gamelan orchestra singer, composer, Indonesian photographer. The third title category includes those which indicate nationality
American, Russian. Then, there is a new title which can be added to title
61 category which indicates political, clerical or judicial office, it is First Lady.
These new variations of title category may get acknowledgement as new categories in grammar and writing style.
The second effect of the determiner deletion is the increase of newsworthiness of the articles and also the newspapers. “If determiner deletion is
not done excessively, it can show that the text of a news exhibits ‘clarity, brevity and colour’ and if the language is ‘crisp’ and ‘tight’, its newsworthiness will be
enhanced” Ljung, 2002: 188. Based on the research results, there are forty-three deletion cases which happen in two context, noun phrases and appositional noun
phrases. Out of these forty-three deletions, thirty-nine deletions occur in The Jakarta Globe and The Jakarta Post. The other nine deletions occur in
International New York Times. Therefore, it has some indications related to the newsworthiness. In the case of the two Indonesian English-language newspapers,
The Jakarta Post has almost the same number of deletions as The Jakarta Globe. Though The Jakarta Post has been published for some time, while The Jakarta
Globe can be categorized as new English-language newspapers, these two newspapers try hard to maintain their reputation. Having English as their
publication language, means that these two newspapers are aimed to readers who can understand English well. Therefore, the newspaper are meant for foreigners
who stay in Indonesia and also Indonesian readers who have good English mastery. Related to Ljung’s theory, the news editors and the news writers of The
Jakarta Post and The Jakarta Globe do not delete many determiners in order to maintain their reputation as reliable and trustworthy newspapers in Indonesia. It
can be seen as well from International New York Times, which has one to three
62 deletions in every article. International New York Times itself has been known to
be one of the top three largest newspapers in the United States along with The Wall Street Journal and USA Today.
The increase of newsworthiness of the articles and the newspaper because of determiner deletion is also possible to relate to the effectiveness and the
economical of space. Both The Jakarta Post and also The Jakarta Globe has already had the printed edition newspapers. However, both of them also have the
online websites which are associated with the printed newspaper. Therefore, The Jakarta Post and The Jakarta Globe are the types of newspapers which combine
the print and online operations, and the online newspaper usually carries photos and videos Dominick, 2010: 121. Then, according to Dominick, determiner
deletion possibly happens in the online newspaper due to its being economical to the site since there are photos or videos needed to be attached. It could happen
since the deletions reduce the number of the words and it will provide more spaces for the hyperlinks and the attached videos and photographs. This is also
related to the fact of the nature of newspaper which is governed by time and space. Journalists have to fulfil the required space of writing. Having ellipsis,
especially omitting the determiner, is one of the ways that journalists can do to save the space. Therefore, determiner deletion can be promoted as a new writing
style to maximize the available space.
63
CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
